CPCE Practice Exam 2024 Questions and Answers, 100% ACCURATE., Exams of Nursing

Download CPCE Practice Exam 2024 Questions and Answers, 100% ACCURATE. and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! CPCE Practice Exam 2024 Questions and Answers, 100% ACCURATE. C Self concepts are individuals' perception of who they are, their attributes and traits. Stabilization of one's self concept a. typically occurs during the pre school years b. is completed by early adolescence c. may be influenced by cultural and fmaily factors d. seldom stabilizes in one's lifetime D Which of the following is NOT a neurotransmitter which facilitates messages between neurons? a. dopamine b. serotonin c. acetycholine d. atropine A The view that children begin their development as a blank slate has been identified by John Locke as... a. tabula rasa b. plasticity c. resiliency d. genotype D According to Erikson, young adults seek close relationships with others but fear that doing so would mean giving up independence. Erikson called this tension a. adaptation vs. accommodation b. formal vs. concrete developpment c. autonomy vs. shame and doubt d. intimacy vs. isolation C Justin's fmaily moved to anew school district in October of the school year. His teacher noticed that although his verbal skills were well developed, he was not particularly interested in interacting and playing with other children his age. Justin seemed preoccupied with anything with wheels and would try to determine what made them turn. Often the teacher would see Justin make turning movements with his hands or arms. The teacher decided to refer Justin to the school psychologist for assessment. It may be that Justin has... a. attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder b. autistic disorder c. Asperger's disorder d. obsessive compulsive disorder C Which of the following is a true statement pertaining to the DSM-5? a. all major categories of disorders have been renamed b. there is less emphasis on pathopsychological origin of symptoms and behavior The axial classification system has been dropped d. Autism and Asperger's are classified under disruptive impulse control disorders D According to behaviorists, the law of effect most nearly refers to... a. hierarchy of needs b. defense mechanisms c. psychosexual development d. conditioning principles a. phallic b. genital c. oral d. anal B A counselor is seeing a Latina client for the first time. She is experiencing anxiety and is distressed that her family members are scattered throughout several states in order to have jobs. the counselor determines that this client is an illegal immigrant and is considering what course of action he should take. the counselor chooses not to report this client to authorities which is consistent with Kohlberg's level of... a. conventional moral development b. postconventional moral development c. acceptance moral development d. preconventional moral development. B Gloria visits her college counseling center because she has difficulty going to sleep and staying asleep. She finds out that about five percent of the students at the college have similar complaints. This is known as ____________ of the sleep problem a. etiology b. prevalence c. incidence d. prognosis D A school counselor has met several times over the year with a tenth grader who is having difficulty with authority figures. At a session which includes the student's mother, the counselor notices the student exhibiting a number of childlike behaviors. In terms of defense mechanisms, this behavior can probably be labeled... a. displacement b. reaction formation c. denial d. regression A One of the early theorists viewed human development from an ecological perspective. this suggests that the system in which the individual finds him or herself is critical to the developmental process. this theorist was... a. Urie Bronfenbrenner b. Robert Havighurst c. B.F. Skinner d. William Perry C Proponents of Maslow's theory believe that people's behaviors are directed primarily by... a. pleasing others b. oral gratification c. need gratification d. pleasure principle D Which of the following statements about microaggressions is NOT true? a. it can be a comment, action or gesture b. it is usually based on personal characteristics or history of the microaggression target c. individuals with disabilities may also be targets of microaggressions d. is never unintentional C Some definable communities have a set of values, mores and behaviors which are passed from one generation to another. This can include such things as language, music and food. This describes... a. social class b. pluralism c. culture d. nationalism C Over the centuries, various groups of people have viewed themselves as the standard bearer and cultural model other people should strive to emulate. this notion is called... a. prejudice b. white privilege c. ethnocentrism d. cultural encapsulation D Which of the following statements is NOT true? Climate change... a. may be correlated with rising sea levels b. may result in more severe hurricanes c. may result in psychological consequences for those impacted d. leaves a very limited role for counselors in related intervention programs. B Appearing expert to your client may help to influence her or him to join into the counseling process. The individual who identified the interpersonal influence process is... a. Albert Bandura B. Stanley Storng C. Gilbert Wrenn D. Carl Rogers C The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) has been a valuable piece of federal legislation. Which of the following statements is NOT true? a. ADA refers to discrimination of individuals who are handicapped in employment, access to public facilities, and public transportation b. disability refers to limits of the individual in several life activities such as manual tasks, walking, hearing, and learning c. if individuals with disabilities cannot complete the usual employment application process, there is no discrimination in not hiring such a person d. even employers with only 25 workers are subject to the provisions of ADA B A To effectively counsel individuals cross culturally, the counselor may need to adopt some modifications in approaching such clients. Which of the following is most true? a. for individuals from some cultures, an introduction by a mutually known individual may be helpful b. with Latina/o client's' identification with the fmaily may be disregarded c. a walk around the block or sitting on a park bench seldom facilitates getting a counseling relationship established d. sharing any amount of personal information may be detrimental to the relationship. C In terms of multicultural counseling, network therapy means all the following may be involved in the counseling EXCEPT for... a. extended family members b. immediate family members c. neighbors who know of the family's difficulties d. important community persons such as religious or spiritual leaders B Counselor training programs are expected to include cross cultural competencies in all courses required by students. These competencies include all of the following components EXCEPT... a. consciousness raising b. personal counseling c. affective d. knowledge and skills A Not all minority groups are farin gas well as others in the US. For example, one gorup has the highest infant mortality rate, the highest dropout rate from high school at about 70%, and the highest suicide rate. All these descriptors are most pertinent to... a. Native Americans b. Hispanic Americans c. Asian Americans d. African Americans D Tim is a high school sophomore who is very bright and adept with al the most recent computers and communication devices. He doesn't have many close friends and can't wait for classes to end so he can continue playing the World of Warcraft online game which he can play for hours each day. Which of the following statements is most UNTRUE? a. compulsive online gamers follow the same patterns as others with addictions b. online gaming provides constant rewards for the gamer's actions c. gamers can assume different personalities and create avatars to represent themselves d. game playing appears restricted to one or two countries and the vast majority of gamers are teenagers. D Regarding fmaily abuse and violence, which of the following statements is LEAST true? a. child sexual abuse typically occurs when the child is between 7 and 13 years old b. children who have been abused are slightly more apt to be abusers as adults than children not abused c. state laws require that suspected or actual child abuse be reported d. the level of stress the fmaily is experiencing is seldom related to the incidence of child abuse. B Object relations theory conceptualizes four broad stages of development. Which of these stages is usually the third to occur in the child? a. symbiosis b. separation/individuation c. constancy of self and object d. fusion A In his person centered approach to counseling, which of the following processes did Rogers feel was NOT necessary or appropriate? a. diagnosis b. the relationship c. core conditions d. client's phenomenological world D A counselor focuses on belief systems, self talk, and crooked thinking with her client. It is likely that the theoretical approach of this counselor is strongly influenced by... a. existential theory b. reality therapy c. solution focused therapy d. rational emotive behavior therapy C A counselor who believes that people's behavior is best explained as reactions to stimuli in their environment is probably working from a _____________ theoretical perspective a. transactional b. person centered c. behavioral d. solution focused B Rogers has noted that the second half of therapy often creates more unhappiness and depression for the client than the first half. It is likely that hits may be attributed to... a. the threatening nature of the counselor during this period of time. b. experiencing the reorganized self c. the fear of ending the relationship d. more intensely working through the issues which have been identified. A In narrative therapy, the client often talks about the problem saturated story. Some specific counseling techniques which may be used in this therapy include all the following EXCEPT a. genetics fairly exclusively determines brain growth and differentiation b. there are five principal brain locations and functions c. a counseling relationship can foster the development of new neurons and neural networks d. so far, biofeedback has not been found useful in re-wiring neural networks. D Conceptual and operational difference between individual counseling and family counseling include all the following EXCEPT a. locus of pathology b. unit of treatment c. focus of treatment interventions d. the system gets priority attention in both. C A number of principles from feminine psychology undergird feminist therapy. Which of the following is NOT one of those basic principles? a. therapy is not just for the individual but has as its goal the transformation of society b. women's perspectives are central and serve as the norm for women because when compared to men's perspective, the feminine view is often viewed as deviant c. because the counselor probably understands feminine psychology better than the client, the counselor's role is to lead and educate the client d. client problems often have social and political roots which have resulted in marginalization, oppression and stereotyping. A Some of the key concepts of this theoretical approach include the unity of personality, the need to view people from their subjective perspective, and the importance of life goals that give direction to behavior. This theory suggests people are motivated by social interest and by finding goals to give life meaning. These statements most clearly define the _____________ counseling theory. C Some counselors work with clients who have been victims of various traumatic events and circumstances. Hurricanes, earthquakes, and terroriist attacks can all result in post- traumatic stress disorder. There may be consequences to the counselor for engaging in this kind of counseling work. One of the possible consequences for the counselor may be... a. burnout b. lack of confidence in her or his ability to help c. secondary traumatic stress d. negative cognitive shift. B Corey is the middle child of a fmaily with three children. His older brother is three years older and his younger brother is four years younger. the counselor seeing Corey agrees with many of the concepts explicated by Adler. Applying birth order and fmaily constellation concepts, the counselor is aware that Corey a. will receive the bulk of attention and be high achieving b. may be lost in the middle and view life as unfair c. never learned to share or cooperate but deals with adults well d. will tend to go his own way and develop in unique directions. D The proponent of structural family therapy is Salvador Minuchin. He believed families were composed of subsystems. Which of the following statements is NOT true? a. possible subsystems include spousal, parental and siblings b. boundaries between subsystems may be permeable or diffuse c. diffuse boundaries may lead to enmeshment or disengagement d. healthy families have rigid rules for subsystems. C There are a number of different groups that have their own focus and purpose. one group is designed for the members to acquire information and skills. It may be preventative, growth oriented or remedial. This most nearly defines which kind of group? a. psychotherapy b. self help c. psychoeducation d. guidance B Members respond differently when in an actual group. Which of the following is NOT a role often assumed by group members? a. Blocking b. Training c. Facilitative/building d. maintenance D Even before the group is constituted, an important function for the group leader is... a. reviewing group theory b. arranging for a co leader c. reading the code of ethics for group counseling d. screening of potential members A Shawna is leading a group which is meeting for the third time. She notes that the eight members are showing a lot of resistance to the process and to her as leader. They are questioning the purpose of the group's existence. It is likely that the next stage for this group to move into is... a. working b. consolidation and termination c. transition d. forming D A new community mental health agency has been established and its stated goals are to work with the community in terms of psychoeducation with a focus on children before they graduate from high school. To stretch their resources, they hope to conduct the majority of their work through small and large groups. An overall name that may be ascribed to these groups is... a. process b. lower left c. upper left d. lower right A which of the following is likely to occur in the early life of a group? a norms are developed b. goals are achieved c. trust is developed d. cohesion takes place D Counselors know that groups are formed for different purposes. For example, in some groups the primary goal is to achieve some specified outcome, or product, while in others the primary goal is to focus on the process of interaction within the group. Which one of the following types of groups is more product than process oriented? a. transactional analysis b. Adlerian c. Client centered d. behavioral A Two counselors in a university counseling center are preparing to conduct a group focusing on developing interpersonal relationship skills. In preparing to conduct the group, their discussion focuses on all the following topics EXCEPT... a. stages of a group b. open vs. closed group c. homogenous vs. heterogeneous d. duration D There are several advantages of doing group versus individual counseling. One is NOT... a. safe place to practice new skills b. more nearly replicates the real world of group participants c. with scarce resources, it spreads out the cost per individual counseled d. a good place to develop a circle of close friends. C In their research on effective group leaders, Yalom and others have determined that four leader functions seemed to be present no matter the theoretical orientation of the leader. Which of the following is NOT one of the four effective leader functions? a. Frequent use of the caring (focus on emotions) function b. moderate amounts of executive direction (structure, providing direction) c. sparse use of meaning attribution (not all feelings and experiences need to be identified and named d. moderate amount of emotional stimulation (encourage expression of emotion A The Systemic Training for Effective Parenting (STEP) program is based on the theoretical work of... a. Alfred Adler b. Carl Rogers c. Michael Waldo d. Diane Hulse Killacky B Before group cohesion occurs, conflict is often present. Ina group setting, conflict... a. negates the progress of the group b. promotes group involvement c. should be settled by those in power d. requires group leaders to intervene firmly C In group counseling, a number of ethical issues present themselves. Which of these is NOT one of those issues? a. group members must be free to leave the group if attendance is not mandatory b. confidentiality cannot be assured but must be emphasized and contracts should be signed c. small social subgroups in addition to the actual group can be encouraged for practicing new skills d. group leaders should have coursework and supervised experience in groups before leading a group on their own. D In his early theoretical formulation, Super identified one of the vocational development tasks as... a. clarification b. decline c. conventional d. specification A Gottfredson's theory identified four orientations that children go through on their way to adult career development. The last of the four orientations beginning in the teen years was orientation to... a. internal unique self b. sex roles c. social valuation d. size and power B The Career Beliefs Inventory was designed to challenge individuals' perceptions and identify barriers they might have about taking some career related actions. This inventory was the work of... a. Bandura B. Krumboltz c. Holland d. Ginsberg A One step in the career counseling process is different than what occurs in most regular personal counseling. This is the activity referred to as... a. providing information b. assessment John Crites developed a model of career counseling and distinguished between the various parts of the presenting career problem. He also argued for a variety of methods and techniques which could be reasonably applied in career counseling. An instrument he designed to assist in this effort was... a. Self Directed Search b. Myers Briggs Type Indicator c. Career Maturity Inventory d. Work Values Inventory B China teaches in a k-6 school and has always been interested in young children learning about the world of work. For her second and third graders, she was most concerned that they... a. do career exploration b. begin the process of career awareness c. start orienting toward career selection d. do specific career preparation D Which of the following statements is most nearly true? a. women still lag behind men it terms of number of bachelor's and master's degrees earned b. jobs in the gig economy are dominated by male workers c. with the large increase in the number of women who have achieved power positions, the glass ceiling is seldom an issue to a women's advancement in a company d. family of origin issues and use of the occupational genogram may be useful in career counseling. B Which of the following statements is NOT true of the current economic situation? a. of the groups listed here, the highest unemployment is suffered by black males, followed by latina females, and then white females b. there is no relationship between education attained and level of unemployment c. the principal reason for outsourcing to other countries is the lower cost of labor d. the number of unemployed discouraged workers probably nearly doubles the actual tabulated unemployment rate. A In refining his theory, Super identified several concepts focusing on a more holistic view of career development. Which of the following concepts is NOT one of these? a. zone of acceptable alternatives b. major roles and theaters c. archway model d. life career rainbow C The career development theory of John Krumboltz is accurately referred to as... a. actuarial or matching b. social constructionism c. learning theory d. environmental fit B Circumscription and compromise is often used as a label for the career development theory of ______________ because individuals must circumscribe (rule out) some possible careers and compromise on others for which they are not eligible a. Robert Hoppock a. Linda gottfredson c. Robert O'Hara d. Albert Bandura C Which of the following pairs is NOT accurately associated with each other? a. Edward Strong-Interest Inventory b. Mark Savickas-postmodern career counseling c. Frank Parsons-efficacy theory d. H.B. Gelatt-positive uncertainty B Of the following statements, which one LEAST accurately describes the National Career Development Association? a. career researchers, academicians, and practitioners belong b. it is a division of the American Psychological Association c. A previous name for this association was National Vocational Guidance d. this was the first professional counseling association ever. C Which of the following statements about a negatively skewed distribution is accurate? a. the mean is higher than the mode and median b. the mean and median are equal c. the mean is lower than the median and mode d. the mean and mode are equal B A class of nine students completed a mid term exam. The most appropriate measure of the variability of these scores is probably a. variance b. range c. standard deviation d. central tendency C An important psychometric property of tests and inventories is reliability. A good definition of reliability is... a. standard deviation b. correlation coefficient c. consistency d. inclusive range A Which of the following is least representative of what standardized scores are? a. correlations b. common language c. 34% of the test takers scored higher than 60 d. 50% of the test takers scored between 50 and 60 D Consider a normal curve representing 1000 scores on an exam. One individual's score is equivalent to a minus one (-1.0) standard deviation. Given that information, which of the following statements is NTO true? a. this score is equivalent to a T score of 40 b. this score is at 16 percent of all 1000 scores c. this score is equivalent to a z score of -1 d. fifty percent of this sample of test takers has scores higher than this individual. B The Pearson Product-Moment Correlation Coefficient is a useful measure of relationships. Which of the following statements is NOT true? a. this correlation coefficient measures the relationship between two variables (bivariate) b. a high correlation can shed definitive information on which variable causes the other c. the range of this correlation is -1.00 to +1.00 d. the statistical significance of each correlation can be determined. B Mara took a test and scored a 64. The standard error of measurement of the test is 8. With this information, if Mara took the test again, we can accurately infer that her score will fall between _____________ about 85% of the time a. 56 to 72 b. 48 to 80 c. 60 to 68 d. 54 to 74 D When an individual takes a test and scores very high or very low and then retakes the same test at a later date under different circumstances, there is an expectation that the second score will be different. this is referred to as... a. convergent validation b. true and error variance c. coefficient of determination d. regression toward the mean C Counselors must prepare for interpreting test scores to individuals. Which of the following statements is NOT true? a. there is a strong potential for using test results to label and stereotype b. counselors should receive training in assessment theory and itnerpretation c. counselors should be careful not to reveal exact scores to test takers d. the use of nontechnical terms and proceeding slowly in interpretation are important. B Testing by computer is the norm for many assessment practices. Which of the following is NOT an advantage of testing by computer? a. test results and profiles of scores may be available immediatetly b. some older individuals may not be computer literate and may be anxious about computer testing c. computerized testing is efficient and reduces paperwork d. administration procedures are standardized. A Which word describes the following distribution of scores: 3,4,5,5,5,6,7,8,8,9,10, and 11 a. bimodal b. variance c. median d. skewed B Qualitative research is common in the social sciences. Which of the following statements characterize this type of research? a. there is a search for causality-determining what variables/conditions cause which outcomes b. the primary goal of this research is to describe the nature of things c. statistics are used to compare and contrast groups d. this research assumes there is a single objective reality which can be measured. A The level of measurement which assumes that the numbers of the scale represent the same quantities throughout the scale is... a. interval b. ratio c. ordinal d. nominal D In most research efforts, there is a need to measure and record data of some king. What we measure is known as the... a. confounding variable b. independent variable c. sampling variable d. dependent variable D Ex post facto research is the kind that refers to gathering data after a. experimental and control groups have been set up b. cause and effect relationships have been established c. qualitative research follows the gathering of quantitative data d. some event or occurrence has already happened. A Some sampling techniques take into account not just the occurrence of special groups in a population but also the number of individuals in such groups in comparison to the entire population. This sampling is called... a. proportional and stratified b. random c. purposeful d. stratified B a. correlation techniques b. a mixed method design c. a meta analysis d. Solomon four group design. A Chi square is a non parametric technique used most effectively with data that are... a. nominal b. ratio c. interval d. ordinal D Once a researcher has selected a general question to be answered in the study, the next step is to... a. choose measurement instruments b. formulate the null hypothesis c. select subjects for the study d. research the related literature B One of the threats to external validity of a research effort occurs when subjects act differently because they know they are participating in a study. This phenomenon is known as... a. Thurstone effect b. Hawthorne effect c. Pearson effect d. halo effect. C Factor analysis is an advanced technique used to summarize vast amounts of data. This procedure relies on the use of the ______________ technique a. Rosenthal b. Spearman-Brown c. correlatoni d. multiple comparison C Accountability and the evaluation of counseling programs are more critical today than in the past. Which of the following statements is NOT true? a. counseling services funders such as insurance companies and government sources have an active interest in counseling program evaluation b. the efficacy of counseling with different client problems ahs often become the bottom line c. specific treatment goals and objectives are less important than overall counseling procedures d. there is little reason to believe that interest in counseling program evaluation will abate in future years. D Which of the following issues is LEAST important in terms of the ethics of conducting research? a. deception and its impact on subjects b. providing information and receiving informed consent from subjects c. giving credit to others involved in the research d. getting the research results disseminated in a national publication C Shortly after the fall semester began, eight seventh graders were identified as bullies. the school counselor began a weekly group activity with them and continued these meetings for eight weeks. At the end of the second semester, the counselor gathered data about any bullying activities these students may have been involved in following the group activity. This is an example of... a. formative evaluation b. comparative research c. summative evaluation d. process evaluation. D The national organization which is responsible for accrediting counselor training programs is... a. American Psychological Association b. National Board for Certified Counselors c. American School Counselor Association d. Council for Accreditation of Counseling and Related Educational Programs B The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act explicitly states that parents of children may have access to school records if the youngster is under __________ years of age a. 21 b. 18 c. 16 d. 14 C State laws vary in the number of years that counselors need to wait before sexual contact with former clients is ethical. The American Counseling Association Code of Ethics states that the number of years is... a. 2 b. 3 c. 5 d. never C The profession of counseling began in early vocational guidance and counseling activities. A landmark in the early development of the field is... a. formation of the American Counseling Association b. establishment of psychology laboratories in Germany c. publishing of Frank Parson's book, Choosing a Vocation d. the National Defense Education Act A Conversion therapy which seeks to change a person's sexuality or gender identity... a. has been banned by legislation in a number of states c. refuse to even see the client d. convince the client that your way of thinking is in her or his best interest C Which of the following statements is NOT true? a. CORE and CACREP have reached an agreement to merge b. ACA publishes a state by state guide about licensure requirements c. a new accrediting body titled Master's in Psychology and Counseling will be replacing CACREP d. a formal statement about licensure portability ahs been issued by ACA C In developing a counseling program, which of the following steps would mist likely be the best to begin with? a. implementation b. develop a plan c. needs assessment d. evaluation A A number of principles underlie ethical decision making as practiced by counselors. Which of the following is NOT one of the principles? a. competence b. autonomy c. nonmaleficence d. beneficence B Managing and maintaining boundaries presents issues to all counselors. Which of the following statements is most accurate? a. counselors can never knowingly begin a professional counseling relationship with members of associations or organizations both belong to b. if counselors extend the boundaries of their relationships with a current r former client, they document potential benefits and consequences c. counselors may enter nonprofessional in person or electronic relationships with former clients d. when counselors change their role with a client, for example, going form a counseling role to an evaluative role, they should consider telling the client. D The professional honor society which serves counseling students as well as professional counselors is known as... a. Psi Chi b. Phi Beta Kappa c. Alpha Omega d. Chi Sigma Iota D Which of the following statements about licensure is NOT true? a. All 50 states now have licensure statutes b. The state of Virginia passed the first general practice counselor licensure law c. some state licensure laws are practice control and others are title control d. once licensed in one state, you are automatically licensed in another state you might move to C As described in the ACA Code of Ethics regarding professional standards of practice, all of the following statements are true EXCEPT.. a. you must know and practice within your boundaries of competence b. some form of diagnostic system is necessary so you can identify client needs and apply appropriate services c. no theoretical system is necessary if you can explain what you do in your counseling d. do terminate your relationship with a client if your services are no longer helpful