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CPH EXAM 2024 CERTIFIED IN PUBLIC
HEALTH | ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT ANSWERS (ALREADY
GRADED A+) | NEWEST EDITION
Which of the following is the best example of intrapersonal factors that affect an individual's behavior as outlined by the Social Ecological Model? (A) National laws and policies (B) Informal social networks (C) Personal knowledge or skills (D) Community partnerships ------CORRECT ANSWER----------------C Which of the following is not an example of a methodology used during a social assessment? (A) Process evaluation (B) Focus groups research (C) Delphi method (D) Survey administration ------CORRECT ANSWER----------------A Which of the following is not a principle/key concept in community organization and community building practice? (A) Critical consciousness and empowerment (B) Critical allocation of resources and sharing among partners (C) Principle of relevance or "start where the people are" (D) Principle of participation ------CORRECT ANSWER----------------B When a person is healthy, without signs and symptoms of disease, illness, or injury, the level of prevention most appropriate would be: (A) Primary prevention
(B) Secondary prevention (C) Tertiary prevention (D) No prevention level is needed ------CORRECT ANSWER----------------A In the planning process, the group being served is referred to as the: (A) Pilot population (B) Key informants (C) General population (D) Priority population ------CORRECT ANSWER----------------D The social marketing conceptual framework if known for its 4 P's and competition. Which of the following is not one of the 4 P's? (A) Price (B) Product (C) Population (D) Place ------CORRECT ANSWER----------------C Which of the following had the greatest impact on average life expectancy? (A) Vaccinations for infectious diseases (B) Improvements in sanitation and hygiene (C) Advances in medical care technology (D) Health education ------CORRECT ANSWER----------------B According to John Wennberg and colleagues, small area variations in Medicare expenditures across geographic areas are primarily attributable to differences in: (A) Physician practice styles (B) Consumer preferences for high-cost services (C) Age of the population served (D) Health status of the population served ------CORRECT ANSWER--------- -------A
(B) Beneficence versus justice (C) Individual autonomy versus community welfare (D) Community welfare versus justice ------CORRECT ANSWER-------------- --C Executive managers in a not-for-profit health care organization have an obligation to: (A) Maximize return for their stockholders (B) Increase revenues annually (C) Be prudent stewards of the community's assets (D) Avoid earning any net income, i.e., profits ------CORRECT ANSWER---- ------------C Which of the following principles of medical and public health ethics requires doing no harm while promoting the welfare of others? (A) Autonomy (B) Beneficence (C) Privacy (D) Justice ------CORRECT ANSWER----------------B The "police powers" that public officials rely on to enforce compliance with public health standards and interventions are based on: (A) Explicit language in the U.S. Constitution (B) Inferences about the government's obligation to protect the health, safety, and welfare of its citizens (C) Inferences from the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organization (RICO) Act legislation (D) Presidential executive orders ------CORRECT ANSWER----------------B Which of the following is likely to be a major obstacle to community readiness for a public health emergency such as an act of bioterrorism? (A) People no longer feel anxiety about the risks of bioterrorism
(B) The average person has faith that public officials are competent to handle such threats (C) The consequences of the anthrax-letter threat following 9/11 were far less serious than anticipated (D) Individuals are unsure about the practical actions to take to protect themselves and their families ------CORRECT ANSWER----------------D Which of the following terms is defined as "the systematic determination of certain risks to a population incident to a disaster"? (A) Baseline data evaluation (B) Risk communication (C) Vulnerability assessment (D) Biohazard analysis ------CORRECT ANSWER----------------C Which of the following is not a true statement about the policy-making process? (A) A policy is a blueprint for action relevant to some area of public concern (B) Policy-making often occurs in the absence of complete information about all relevant variables (C) Only experts trained in public policy have a meaningful role to play in policy development (D) Policies as enacted often reflect compromises among key players with conflicting interests ------CORRECT ANSWER----------------C A health policy that is implemented within a representative democracy with separation of powers at all governmental levels and that is characterized by the presence of well-funded interest groups: (A) Will reflect the preferences of the majority of citizens (B) Must be based on the best scientific evidence available (C) Will represent a compromise among multiple and competing interests (D) Is doomed to failure ------CORRECT ANSWER----------------C
(B) Making necessary tradeoffs to achieve acceptable quality of and access to health services while controlling cost (C) Maintaining highest quality of and full access to services regardless of cost (D) Providing highest quality of services to all who can afford to pay and rationing services for those who cannot. ------CORRECT ANSWER----------- -----B Which of the following statements best characterizes a progressive employee discipline process? (A) The discipline process is structured as a staged series of increasingly severe responses to chronic violations of accepted rules of behavior. (B) The punishment must fit the crime. (C) Discipline is not considered relevant in the modern health care organization. (D) Progressive discipline allows the employee to exercise immunity for the first violation of the code of conduct. ------CORRECT ANSWER---------------- A The primary disadvantage of incremental program budgeting is: (A) It makes comparison from one year to the next difficult (B) It requires the justification of all dollars allocated (C) It requires far more time and effort than zero-based budgeting (ZBB) (D) It may not reflect the current programmatic priorities of the organization ------CORRECT ANSWER----------------D The four P's of marketing health services include: (A) Product, promotion, prestige, and planning (B) Product, place, promotion, and pragmatism (C) Product, price, place, and promotion (D) Product, price, precision, and promotion (E) Personnel, promotion, price, and place ------CORRECT ANSWER-------- --------C
An example of backward vertical integration by an academic medical center is: (A) Offering a managed care health plan (B) Establishing a skilled nursing unit within the hospital (C) Acquiring an established home health agency (D) Taking over a smaller, faith-based health care system ------CORRECT ANSWER----------------A Which of the following is an expected benefit of consolidating independent hospitals and provider groups into an integrated health care system? (A) Economies of scale in production (B) Lower costs of integration (C) Ease of accommodating diverse organizational cultures (D) Immediate gains in administrative efficiency ------CORRECT ANSWER- ---------------A As a research analyst at a large HMO, you are asked to benchmark the percentage of enrollees treated for depression who received 6-month follow-up care. Applying Donabedian's framework, the percentage of enrollees receiving follow-up care is what type of indicator? (A) Structure (B) Process (C) Outcome (D) System ------CORRECT ANSWER----------------B A pediatric patient complaining of an inner ear infection was diagnosed by an overworked emergency room resident who then prescribed an asthma medication. This is an example of: (A) Poor interpersonal quality (B) Poor technical quality (C) Inequitable access (D) Inefficient access ------CORRECT ANSWER----------------B
(A) Transtheoretical model (B) Theory of reasoned action/planned behavior (C) Social cognitive theory (D) Social ecological model ------CORRECT ANSWER----------------B Which of the following do social cognitive theory and the social ecological model have in common? (A) Both take into consideration factors that are within the individual and factors that operate outside the individual. (B) Both focus primarily on environmental determinants of behavior that must be addressed at the policy level. (C) Both come out of the value expectancy paradigm that associates behaviors with valued outcomes. (D) Both originally were developed exclusively to explain unhealthy versus healthy behaviors. ------CORRECT ANSWER----------------A A population of rural women experiences a high rate of mortality related to breast cancer. Researchers at a local university implement a breast cancer screening intervention. This intervention is an example of: (A) Tertiary prevention (B) Advocacy (C) Secondary prevention (D) Primary prevention ------CORRECT ANSWER----------------C All intervention messages (printed, computer-delivered, or Internet-based) must: (A) Start with the most important information first (B) Include graphics, pictures, and the like to attract people's attention (C) Be written at a reading level suitable to the target population (D) Be no longer than four sentences so that the reader does not become bored ------CORRECT ANSWER----------------C
Franklin's Grove is the county seat of Franklin County, a small rural county in the Southeast. On the basis of its demographic and economic profile, it was selected as a health improvement zone to receive Federal funds to implement programs to improve progress toward reaching the national health objectives. Communities receiving such funds are charged with identifying the most significant gaps between the current health status and national health objectives and with putting programs in place to narrow such gaps. What is the first step to take to address the goals of the funding? (A) Consult Healthy People 2010 to identify relevant objectives (B) Convene a group of community leaders to decide how to spend the funds (C) Convene a group of community citizens to decide how to spend the funds (D) Consult an expert in community health to draw up a program plan ------ CORRECT ANSWER----------------A Franklin's Grove is the county seat of Franklin County, a small rural county in the Southeast. On the basis of its demographic and economic profile, it was selected as a health improvement zone to receive Federal funds to implement programs to improve progress toward reaching the national health objectives. Communities receiving such funds are charged with identifying the most significant gaps between the current health status and national health objectives and with putting programs in place to narrow such gaps. Using the PRECEDE framework, the county health department has conducted a social and health diagnosis. Some of the most severe quality- of-life problems were related to limb amputation and kidney failure. Prevalent health problems included diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease. Which of the following behavioral factors are most likely responsible for the above health and quality-of-life issues in ------ CORRECT ANSWER----------------B Franklin's Grove is the county seat of Franklin County, a small rural county in the Southeast. On the basis of its demographic and economic profile, it was selected as a health improvement zone to receive Federal funds to
(C) Sample (D) Group ------CORRECT ANSWER----------------A Which of the following is defined as a community's ability to define and solve its own problems? (A) Social capital (B) Community development (C) Community organization (D) Community capacity ------CORRECT ANSWER----------------D Biological, environmental, behavioral, organizational, political, and social factors that contribute to the health status of individuals, groups and communities are commonly referred to as: (A) Health behavior causal factors (B) Social ecology factors (C) Needs assessment factors (D) Determinants of health ------CORRECT ANSWER----------------D An individual's capacity to obtain, interpret, and understand basic health information and services and the individual's competence to use such information and services in ways that advance health are called: (A) Medical informatics (B) Health literacy (C) Health education (D) Patient education ------CORRECT ANSWER----------------B Which of the following terms refers to a consumer-driven application of sales and promotional techniques to the analysis (including the review of background information and formative work), planning, implementation, and evaluation of programs designed to encourage positive health behaviors within intended audiences? (A) Health communication
(B) Health promotion (C) Focus group testing (D) Social marketing ------CORRECT ANSWER----------------D Which of the following terms from the social cognitive theory refers to the dynamic interaction among the person, environment, and behavior? (A) Behavioral norms (B) Reciprocal determinism (C) Decisional balance (D) Bidirectional dependence ------CORRECT ANSWER----------------B A community has high rates of HIV infection among injection drug users (IDUs). The community council decides to legalize needle exchange programs in an effort to provide clean syringes to prevent the sharing of contaminated needles in drug-using networks. This type of program is an example of: (A) Harm reductions (B) Policy advocacy (C) Community organization (D) Behavior change ------CORRECT ANSWER----------------A Theory is defined as: (A) A branch of philosophy that deals with morality (B) A tested set of hypotheses listed in order of importance (C) A systematic relationship of constructs devised to analyze, predict, and otherwise explain the nature of behavior of a specified set of phenomena (D) A verified fact that the majority does not believe to be true ------ CORRECT ANSWER----------------C Which of the following is not a construct from the Health Belief Model? (A) Susceptibility (B) Cues to action
(C) Process improvement is essential to ensuring quality of care (D) Employee satisfaction and patient satisfaction are closely linked ------ CORRECT ANSWER----------------A Which of the following is an example of a utilization rate used to monitor health system performance? (A) Congenital syphilis rate (B) Late stage breast cancer incidence rate (C) Infant mortality rate (D) Readmission rate for depression ------CORRECT ANSWER---------------- D Which of the following represents a boundary management function in public health? (A) Creating cubicles for the staff to maximize the efficiency of the work space (B) Developing maps showing the incidence of diabetes within target communities (C) Reprimanding an employee for behavior perceived to be sexual harassment (D) Scheduling the Director of the county health department to be interviewed by a journalist about a recent outbreak of food-borne illness ---- --CORRECT ANSWER----------------D One implication of the claim that "the complex organization tends to map its environment" is that the public health agency: (A) Uses geographic information system (GIS) technology to map the spread of a contagious disease (B) Hires a professional to provide environmental law expertise (C) Only serves the population within its political boundaries (D) Identifies its various constituencies geographically ------CORRECT ANSWER----------------B
Identify which of the following terms characterizes the throughput of the health care system? (A) The geographical boundary that defines the system's market (B) Measures of patient's functionality post-surgery (C) Patient satisfaction scores (D) The core technologies involved in providing health care services ------ CORRECT ANSWER----------------D Which of the following statements best characterizes the contingency theory of leadership? (A) The leader's authority is unchallenged by subordinates. (B) The leader's effectiveness depends on various factors in the leadership context. (C) The leader's effectiveness is contingent primarily on the technical competence of followers. (D) The leader's authority depends on formal legislation and sanctions. -----
- CORRECT ANSWER----------------B SCHIP is a federal program that is important for public health because: (A) It remedies the state differences in health insurance that characterize Medicaid (B) It covers preventive services for children who otherwise might not have access to them (C) It provides a comprehensive immunization program (D) It increases funding for school health initiatives ------CORRECT ANSWER----------------B The two largest categories of expenditures for the Medicare program (not necessarily in order of magnitude) are: (A) Hospitals and nursing homes (B) Physicians and hospitals (C) Public health and physicians (D) Hospitals and pharmaceuticals ------CORRECT ANSWER----------------B
What are the non-traditional partners that could be effective collaborators in community-wide preparedness planning? (A) Public safety agencies (e.g. Fire, Police) (B) Public health departments (C) Emergency management (D) Social service and faith-based agencies ------CORRECT ANSWER------ ----------D Public health is concerned with the health of populations. Accordingly one of the core functions of public health as described by the Institute of Medicine (1988) is: (A) Refining the definition of populations (B) To create and advocate for solutions to address, at all levels, the health concerns of populations (C) Making certain that health policy legislation always contains the phrase "population health" (D) Developing a new model for solving all public health problems ------ CORRECT ANSWER----------------B It is frequently said that the most difficult component of the policy process is not implementation but getting health legislation approved because of the (A) Politics of health care and services delivery are so value laden (B) Need to have funds to hire well connected lobbyists (C) Very different opinions held by the two major political parties (D) Ability to preserve and keep a piece of legislation on the agenda and in front of those in power ------CORRECT ANSWER----------------D The largest single component in most public health and health care budgets, and therefore the one with which managers must be most familiar is: (A) Computer software and hardware (B) Pharmaceuticals
(C) Personnel (D) Shortfalls ------CORRECT ANSWER----------------C For the overarching guidance of an organization, which of the following should be measurable? (A) Vision and values (B) Mission and vision (C) Goals and objectives (D) Mission and goals ------CORRECT ANSWER----------------C The primary purpose of strategic planning is: (A) To beat the competition (B) To define the organization's vision (C) To maximize financial status (D) To determine the direction an organization will pursue within its chosen environment and guide the allocation of resources and efforts ------ CORRECT ANSWER----------------D The definition of healthcare marketing is: (A) The process of publicizing services and programs (B) Management activities that create markets for goods and services (C) A management process that assesses customer wants and needs and performs the activities associated with the development, pricing, provision, and promotion of product solutions that satisfy those wants and needs (D) Multi-media outreach to a single or multiple target audiences ------ CORRECT ANSWER----------------C The CEO of a managed care organization praised her administrators at a national conference for exceeding their enrollment targets. She noted that long waits for care and travel distances might increase but that the members would certainly understand given the popularity of their health plan. The CEO's statements reflect:
