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CPN EXAM - ACTUAL EXAM
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success 2025-
100Q&A
The principles of growth and development include all of the following except: a. Each child grows and develops according to a general orderly pattern that tends to resemble that of others of the same age, sex and nationality b. Development proceeds in a cephalocaudal and proximodistal manner c. Development proceeds from the specific to the general d. Growth and development are interrelated and interdependent - ANSWER-c. Development proceeds from the specific to the general The period of greatest growth is from: a. Birth to one year b. Toddlerhood to preschool years c. School age to preadolescence d. The beginning to the end of adolescence - ANSWER-a. Birth to one year A developmentally appropriate 3 ½ year old child is likely to be most fearful of which of the following activities: a. Chest x-ray b. Rectal temperature c. Bed bath by the nurse d. Blood pressure - ANSWER-b. Rectal temperature
The neonatal period begins at birth and lasts for 4 weeks. During this time, the infant adapts to the extrauterine environment. Which one of the following is true about the neonate? a. The sense of hearing is immature b. Myelinization of the brain is complete c. The anterior fontanel will close within a month d. Temperature-regulating mechanisms are immature - ANSWER-d. Temperature-regulating mechanisms are immature Four year old Juan is being admitted today for a tonsillectomy. You know that Juan is in which developmental stage according to Erikson: a. Initiative vs. guilt b. Identity vs. role confusion c. Industry vs. inferiority d. Autonomy vs. shame and doubt - ANSWER-a. Initiative vs. guilt Which of the following criteria is used in assessing readiness for toilet training? a. The child should be at least 2 years old before toilet training b. The child can demonstrate an awareness that she is urinating and defecating c. The child should have a dry diaper through the night d. The child should have resolved her fears about what
transitional period - ANSWER-a. Girls: 0-36 months When performing a well-child assessment of a 4 month old, which one of the following represents a normal assessment finding? a. Closed anterior and posterior fontanel b. Open anterior and posterior fontanel c. Closed anterior and open posterior fontanel d. Open anterior and closed posterior fontanel - ANSWER-d. Open anterior and closed posterior fontanel A bottle-fed infant, age 3 months, is brought to the pediatrician's office for a well-child visit. During the previous visit, the nurse taught the mother about infant nutritional needs. Which statement by the mother during the current visit indicates effective teaching? a. "I started the baby on cereals and fruits because he wasn't sleeping through the night." b. "I started putting cereal in the bottle with formula because the baby kept spitting it out when I gave it with a spoon." c. "I'm giving the baby iron-fortified formula and a fluoride supplement because our water isn't fluoridated." d. "I'm giving the baby skim milk because he was getting so chubby." - ANSWER-c. "I'm giving the baby iron-fortified formula and a fluoride supplement because our water isn't fluoridated." When assessing the development of a 3 month old, which of the following would be most concerning? a. Failure to look for the objects when they are no longer in the visual field
b. Failure to smile c. Failure to roll over d. Failure to pull feet to mouth - ANSWER-b. Failure to smile When assessing the 7 month old, which of the following is the most likely to be developing? a. Rocking back and forth on hands and knees b. Standing while holding onto an object for support c. Waving bye-bye d. Rolling over - ANSWER-a. Rocking back and forth on hands and knees Which of the following is not well developed in a newborn infant? a. Hearing b. Vision c. Touch d. Pain sensation - ANSWER-b. Vision Introduction of a cup to drink fluids can begin as early as what age? a. 3 months b. 6 months c. 9 months d. 12 months - ANSWER-b. 6 months You are educating the mother of an infant about growth and nutrition. You know that the earliest age at which the infant should be changed from formula or breast milk to whole milk is:
for this child? a. Encouraging the infant to hold his bottle b. Keeping the infant on bed rest to conserve energy c. Rotating caregivers to provide more stimulation d. Maintaining a consistent, structured environment - ANSWER-d. Maintaining a consistent, structured environment A child, age 15 months, is recovering from surgery to remove a Wilms' tumor. Which finding best indicates that the child is experiencing pain, even though the child is denying it? a. Increased appetite b. Increased heart rate c. Decreased urine output d. Increased interest in television - ANSWER-b. Increased heart rate You are the nurse in a community health center and are responsible for reviewing anticipatory guidance and safety education with parents who bring young children for health assessments. You are educating the parents of 12 month old Alyssa who weighs 18 pounds. Which if the following is the most accurate anticipatory guidance for Alyssa's parents regarding car seat installation? Alyssa should sit in a: a. Forward facing car seat in the rear of the automobile b. Forward facing car seat in the passenger seat of the automobile c. Rear facing car seat in the rear of the automobile d. Rear facing car safety seat in the passenger seat of the automobile - ANSWER-c. Rear facing car seat in the rear of the automobile Four year old Rebecca, who is hospitalized for treatment of a
brain tumor, tells her nurse that she got sick because she was a bad girl. Which of the following would the nurse identify as the underlying rationale for this statement? a. Magical thinking b. Egocentrism c. Self-blame d. Conservation - ANSWER-a. Magical thinking A mother brings her 10 month old son to the pediatrician's office. When the nurse approaches to measure the child's vital signs, he clings to his mother tightly and starts to cry. The mother says, "He used to smile at everyone. I don't know why he's acting this way." Which response by the nurse would help the mother understand her child's behavior? a. "Your baby's behavior indicates stranger anxiety, which is common at his age." a. "Children who behave that way are developing shy personalities." b. "Children at this age begin to fear pain." c. "Your baby's having a temper tantrum, which is common at his age." - ANSWER-a. "Your baby's behavior indicates stranger anxiety, which is common at his age." When telling a 4 year old about an upcoming procedure, the nurse's most important consideration is to: a. Tell the child immediately before the procedure is to occur b. Prepare the child at least 24 hours in advance so that the child has time to emotionally adjust c. Offer a toy to keep the child happy and distracted
d. Industry - ANSWER-b. Autonomy A school age child with a chronic condition is hospitalized for the fourth time this year. What would be the most appropriate strategy related to contact with the school? a. Have her mother go to the school to get her missed homework b. Have the school nurse come to visit c. Make arrangements for the child to be homeschooled so that she does not fall behind in her studies d. Have her classmates send her letters wishing her a good recovery - ANSWER-d. Have her classmates send her letters wishing her a good recovery A child, age 5, is brought to the pediatrician's office for a routine visit. When inspecting the child's mouth, the nurse expects to find how many teeth? a. Up to 10 b. Up to 15 c. Up to 20 d. Up to 32 - ANSWER-c. Up to 20 The nurse should expect a 3-year-old child to be able to perform which action? a. Roller-skate b. Tie shoe laces c. Ride a tricycle d. Jump rope - ANSWER-c. Ride a tricycle
When performing a physical assessment on a girl, age 10, the nurse keeps in mind that the first sign of sexual maturity in girls is... a. Axillary hair b. Pubic hair c. Breast bud development d. Menarche - ANSWER-c. Breast bud development The nurse suspects that a child, age 4, is being neglected physically. To best assess the child's nutritional status, the nurse should start by asking the parents which of the following questions? a. "Has your child always been so thin?" b. "Is your child a picky eater?" c. "What did your child eat for breakfast today?" d. "Do you have difficulty buying nutritious food at the supermarket? - ANSWER-c. "What did your child eat for breakfast today?" A 2-year-old who is chronically ill is being admitted to the inpatient unit for pain control. Her mother tells you that she feels guilty leaving her in the hospital because she cries so much. As the nurse caring for this child, the most appropriate explanation to the mother would be... a. The child will stop crying as soon as you leave b. Crying is a sign of attachment, but you need time for yourself too c. It's always hard to leave your child, but once you do you will feel much better d. She is crying because she is uncomfortable, not because you are leaving - ANSWER-b. Crying is a sign of attachment, but you need time for yourself
- Sitting up, leaning forward with chin thrust out
- Low grade fever and complaint of sore throat
- Leaning backward supporting themselves with hands and arms - ANSWER-2. Sitting up, leaning forward with chin thrust out A nurse is caring for an infant with confirmed RSV bronchiolitis. Which of the following is the most appropriate nursing action?
- Initiate strict enteric precautions
- If necessary, may cohort with another child with RSV
- No isolation is necessary, as RSV is not contagious
- Inform the staff that they must wear gloves, a gown and N mask when caring for the child - ANSWER-2. If necessary, may cohort with another child with RSV A 10 year old child is treated for acute exacerbation of asthma. A nurse reports which of the following, knowing that it indicates a worsening of the condition?
- Decreased wheezing
- Warm, dry skin
- Pulse of 90 beats/minute
- Respirations of 30 breaths/minute - ANSWER-1. Decreased wheezing The mother of an 8 year old being treated for right lower lobe pneumonia at home calls the clinic nurse. The mother tells the nurse that the child complains of discomfort on the right side and that acetaminophen is not effective. The nurse should tell the mother to:
- Increase the dose of acetaminophen
- Encourage the child to lie on the left side
- Encourage the child to lie on the right side
- Increase the frequency of acetaminophen - ANSWER-3. Encourage the child to lie on the right side Which of the following describes the defective process that occurs in cystic fibrosis?
- A defective gene inhibits the body's ability to move salt and water in and out of cells
- The body produces clear, thin mucus
- The glands throughout the body are swollen and enlarged
- Scar tissue develops around all major organs - ANSWER-1. A defective gene inhibits the body's ability to move salt and water in and out of cells A new mother expresses concern to the nurse about SIDS. She asks the nurse how to position her infant when putting him down to sleep. The nurse appropriately tells the mother that the infant should be placed on the:
- Side or prone
- Back or prone
- Stomach with face turned
- Back or supine - ANSWER-4. Back or supine
- A clinic nurse is providing instructions to the mother of a preschool child with cystic fibrosis regarding the immunization schedule for her child. Which statement would the nurse make to the mother?
- The immunization schedule will need to be altered
- The child should not receive any hepatitis vaccines
the physician did not prescribe antibiotics. The appropriate response would be:
- The child may be allergic to antibiotics
- The child is too young to receive antibiotics
- Antibiotics are not indicated unless a bacterial infection is present
- The child still has the maternal antibodies from birth and doesn't need antibiotics - ANSWER-3. Antibiotics are not indicated unless a bacterial infection is present
- A child with croup is receiving a nebulized dose of racemic epinephrine. The mother is concerned because the child is frightened, consistently crying and pulling the mask off. The best nursing action would be to:
- Put the child in restraints so they do not pull the mask off
- Call the physician and obtain an order for a mild sedative
- Use a dinosaur shaped mask to deliver the medication
- Let the mother hold the child on her lap during the treatment - ANSWER-4. Let the mother hold the child on her lap during the treatment A 16 year old male comes into the school nurse and says, "My chest had a sudden, sharp pain and it still hurts." The school nurse examines an anxious appearing, tachypneic young man and notes decreased, possibly absent breath sounds to the left lower lobe. The most likely diagnosis is:
- Cystic Fibrosis
- Anxiety Disorder
- Pneumothorax
- Asthma - ANSWER-3. Pneumothorax What is the most appropriate equipment to have available for the child admitted with epiglottitis?
- Bag-mask and bronchodilators
- Tracheotomy set up and oxygen
- Suction set up and oxygen
- Antibiotics and suction - ANSWER-2. Tracheotomy set up and oxygen
- The nurse recommends which of the following to prevent otitis media?
- Cleaning the ear canals with hydrogen peroxide
- Administering continuous, small dose antibiotic therapy
- Instilling ear drops regularly
- Holding the infant upright when feeding with a bottle - ANSWER-4. Holding the infant upright when feeding with a bottle Mom says her 5 year old daughter has been home from school sick for the past three days, with a fever of 38. C that decreases to 37.20 C with acetaminophen. Mom states she has not had any energy. She has be coughing and complaining that her chest hurts. The most likely diagnosis is:
- Bronchiolitis
- Asthma exacerbation
- Pneumonia
- None of the above - ANSWER-3. Pneumonia Mom calls you to assess her 4 month old child. She tells
active boy." You apply oxygen and give a dose of racemic epinephrine, which has limited effect on the stridor. You transport him to get a chest x-ray.
- What is the most likely cause of this child's breathing trouble?
- Asthma exacerbation
- Pneumothorax
- Epiglottitis
- Croup
- Foreign body aspiration - ANSWER-4. Croup
- The major pharmacologic action of albuterol (Proventil) is:
- Decreasing airway reactivity
- Decreasing inflammation and airway obstruction
- Improving the action of cilia to sweep trapped mucous upward
- Relaxing constricted bronchial smooth muscle - ANSWER-4. Relaxing constricted bronchial smooth muscle The mother of a 3 year old boy with cystic fibrosis is interested in having another child. What genetic counseling can you give regarding her chances of having another child with the disease with her next pregnancy?
- 100%
- 75%
- 25%
- 50% - ANSWER-4. 50% What are the abnormal changes in heart
structures in Tetralogy of Fallot?
- Stenosis of the pulmonary vein, hypertrophy of the right ventricle, overriding aorta, and a ventricular septal defect
- Hypertrophy of the left ventricle, stenosis of the pulmonary vein, atrial septa defect and overriding aorta
- Stenosis of the pulmonary artery, hypertrophy of the right ventricle, ventricular septal defect and overriding aorta
- Stenosis of the pulmonary artery, hypertrophy of the left ventricle, a patent ductus arteriosus and overriding aorta - ANSWER-3. Stenosis of the pulmonary artery, hypertrophy of the right ventricle, ventricular septal defect and overriding aorta What medication is often used to maintain a patent ductus arteriosus?
- Prostaglandin E
- D51/2 NS
- Fentanyl
- Esmolol - ANSWER-1. Prostaglandin E Which of the following are priority assessments for a 10 year old child receiving digoxin?
- Apical pulse prior to administration
- Blood pressure prior to administration
- Temperature prior to administration
- Ensure adequate hydration prior to administration - ANSWER-1. Apical pulse prior to administration A child with a cyanotic heart defect has an elevated
