Crime Scene Investigation and Police Procedures, Exams of Nursing

Download Crime Scene Investigation and Police Procedures and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! Law Enforcement Final Exam Newest Actual Exam Questions and Detailed Correct Answers | 2024-2025 Guaranteed Pass The ratio of successful identification and apprehension of offenders to unsolved crimes is known as ________. Correct Answer clearance rate In the case of Rochin v. California, the court put restrictions on improper ________. Correct Answer seizure of evidence What is the responsibility of the first uniformed officer to arrive at the crime scene? Correct Answer to follow up on leads for suspects and to conduct a preliminary investigation What is the nonlegal term for the laboratory work used to establish linkages between the crime scene, victim, and offender? Correct Answer associative evidence ________ established the first "crime laboratory" in Lyon, France in 1910. Correct Answer Edmond Locard This principle is essential to linking an offender and a weapon to a crime scene, but it also explains why it is crucial to shield the crime scene from possible contaminants. Correct Answer Locard exchange principle Where the original crime took place is known as the ________. Correct Answer primary scene In 1977, the Kansas City Response Time study analyzed the time it takes police officers to respond to calls. What did the study find? Correct Answer that it takes citizens longer to report crimes to police than it takes police to respond In London, people who could afford the service often would hire these individuals to find lost property. Correct Answer thief catchers What percentage of crimes are considered "involvement crimes"? Correct Answer 25 Popular movies and television programs such as "Silence of the Lambs" and "CSI" have caused the public to equate investigation with policing itself. The fact is that ________ percent of departmental resources is dedicated to patrol and only ________ percent is devoted to investigation. Correct Answer 60,15 ________ was appointed as the first detective bureau chief for the NYPD in 1880. Correct Answer Thomas Byrnes An individual who is able to charm his or her victims, but has a complete void of empathy that is often manifested in sadistic sexual pleasure is known as a(n) ________. important for the officer to know in this situation? Correct Answer The average deaf person in the United States writes at a fourth-grade level. The greatest amount of reform in police-minority relations in the United States has come in what area(s)? Correct Answer police training and education . When a deaf person does not see an officer approach or see the officer's lips move when issuing a command, how does this behavior appear to the officer? Correct Answer The suspect is disregarding a direct order. One of the benefits of this type of partnership includes an increased ability of police departments to investigate crimes by probationers/parolees. Correct Answer enhanced- supervision partnerships What is the most common form of partnership that seeks to increase the odds of detecting offender violations of probation or parole by conducting joint supervision activities? Correct Answer enhanced- supervision partnerships Which of the following statements was/were identified by Trojanowicz et al. as being part of the eight attributes of a community? Correct Answer It has a recognized legal entity. These partnerships involve collaborative problem-solving efforts related to the individual concerns of particular communities. Correct Answer specialized-enforcement partnerships Which of the following is/are part of the school domain of risk factors? Correct Answer truancy and dropping out of school Which of the following is/are part of the individual domain of risk factors? Correct Answer aggressiveness What is the acronym that Spelman and Eck developed for the problem-solving process to facilitate teaching problem-solving skills to both law enforcement practitioners and community residents? Correct Answer SARA Sex offender registries and gang intelligence databases are commonly utilized resources in this type of partnership. Correct Answer information-sharing partnerships A proactive policing strategy should begin with a(n) ________ to identify the most likely sources of any local problem. Correct Answer needs assessment What theory supports the perspective that just as people are responsible for their own health, communities can take ownership of their neighborhoods and reject disorder and criminality? Correct Answer public health model This theory suggests that in order for policing to have a lasting effect on serious crime in a neighborhood, the lower-level quality-of-life offenses need to be addressed in order to restore a sense of community in an area. Correct Answer broken windows theory Which of the following is/are part of the family domain of risk factors? Correct Answer parent-child separation With this model, police and corrections jointly seek to locate and apprehend offenders who have absconded from probation or parole supervision. Correct Answer fugitive-apprehension units Which of the following is/are part of the peer-related domain of risk factors? Correct Answer gang membership . ________ is based on two core beliefs that emerge from a broader perspective than that found in traditional law enforcement efforts: community partnership and problem solving. Correct Answer Community policing Ten percent of offenders account for ________ percent of all crimes. Correct Answer 55 Which of the following statement(s) is/are part of the key factors of successful terrorism investigation? Correct Answer all of the above Preliminary investigations are conducted by experienced detectives. Correct Answer F Seventy-five percent of crimes are discovery crimes. Correct Answer T Solvability factors can determine the probability of successfully concluding the case. Correct Answer T The circle of investigation refers to the other officers or investigators besides the lead detective involved in the case. Correct Answer F? Anything that alters a crime scene is known as an inhibitor. Correct Answer F In some states the prosecution is the chief law enforcement officer. Correct Answer T The organized-disorganized typology refers to correlating crime scene elements with key personality characteristics. Correct Answer T Behavioral evidence is nonphysical evidence. Correct Answer T Associative evidence is a nonlegal term for the laboratory work used to link evidence between the victim, scene, and offender. Correct Answer T Three specific techniques are used for investigating terrorism. Correct Answer F Body language is also known as kinesics. Correct Answer T Criminal profiling uses behavioral evidence found at the scene to predict the modus operandi. Correct Answer T Patrol officers are responsible for most clearances. Correct Answer T A sociopath is an organized nonsocial offender. Correct Answer F The disorganized asocial offender is a schizoid personality. Correct Answer T This level of force is not intended to be deadly, but rather to subdue the suspect so as to avoid harm to the officer or anyone in the surrounding area. Correct Answer less-than- lethal force When are citizens who file complaints against the police more likely to be satisfied with the outcome of the process? Correct Answer when they believe the process was fair and impartial Under what circumstances are police allowed to use deadly force? Correct Answer only if it is the minimum amount of force necessary to control a situation Under this system, internal affairs departments investigate the complaints, and the complaint goes on to a civilian oversight agency only if the complainant is dissatisfied with the results of the investigation. Correct Answer Class III With this type of system, internal affairs units are in charge of the investigation, but an oversight agency reviews the results of the investigation. Correct Answer Class II In which of the following cities did the first civilian review boards emerge? Correct Answer Philadelphia and New York City An officer can use this type of force only if he or she is in imminent danger of life or limb or to protect a citizen. Correct Answer lethal force What is one method by which to investigate corruption or brutality in a department? Correct Answer form a commission With this system, the responsibility of reviewing police complaints remains entirely within the department. The only role of the oversight agency is to assure quality The Supreme Court set out a two-pronged test for probable cause in which of the following cases? Correct Answer Spinelli v. United States An ambiguous concept that is difficult to define in specific terms is ________. Correct Answer probable cause The case associated with voluntarily waiving an individual's right to remain silent and speaking with the police is known as ________. Correct Answer Miranda v. Arizona Evidence of criminal activity can be seized if it is "immediately apparent" or in ________. Correct Answer plain view In United States v. Leon, what rule(s) was/were established? Correct Answer good faith exception The "Christian burial" speech is from which case? Correct Answer Nix v. Williams Field interrogations depend on the cooperation of the individual stopped by police. Correct Answer T Probable cause is a concrete idea set forth in specific terms. Correct Answer F Nix v. Williams is also known as the "Christian Burial Speech." Correct Answer T Under Coolidge v. New Hampshire, officers are allowed to search any impounded car. Correct Answer F Minnesota v. Dickerson upheld plain feel searches. Correct Answer T A reasonable expectation of privacy exists within the curtilage of a residence. Correct Answer T Wong Sun v. United States was a landmark case for searches incident to arrest. Correct Answer F Evidence obtained illegally may be admitted if the police could have found it anyway. Correct Answer T Terry v. Ohio is the landmark case establishing a reasonable suspicion standard. Correct Answer T Mapp v. Ohio established the exclusionary rule at the state level. Correct Answer T The Court allows warrantless searches of a car used in the commission of a felony. Correct Answer T Thermal imaging is a type of search. Correct Answer T Stop and frisk is a full-scale search that allows the officer to retrieve contraband such as illegal narcotics. Correct Answer F A stop does not necessarily become custodial as long as a reasonable person would feel free to leave. Correct Answer T The Court allows evidence to be seized under plain view, "plain smell," and "plain feel." Correct Answer T In 1985, the U.S. Supreme Court invalidated the fleeing felon rule and imposed a set of uniform rules governing the use of deadly force in which of the following cases? Correct Answer Tennessee v. Garner Which of the following statements are correct regarding the use of deadly force by police? Correct Answer Police may use deadly force only to suppress a riot after sufficient warning has been given and only when such force must be used to prevent the escape of a prisoner from prison. Kansas City is one city with this type of police complaints system. Correct Answer Class II What has been a common concern in policing since the time of the watch system? Correct Answer corruption In which of the following cases did the Court attempt to define legitimate use of force? Correct Answer Graham v. Connor ________ was the plainclothes officer from the Bronx who exposed the widespread corruption within the NYPD and The Kerner Commission recommended increased recruitment of minorities and the establishment of community policing programs. Correct Answer T One of the most common explanations offered for the poor state of police-minority relations in the United States is ________. Correct Answer racism on the part of individual officers According to some critics of police, why do police officers routinely discriminate against members of racial minorities? Correct Answer all of the above In many cases, linguistic barriers do more than simply make it difficult for officers and minorities to communicate with each other. What other problem(s) can arise in this situation? Correct Answer all of the above "Omerta" means silence before the law. Correct Answer true Problem-oriented policing is meant to be the overriding philosophy guiding department change. Correct Answer false Two or more incidents capable of causing harm are referred to by police as problems. Correct Answer true SARA is an acronym for Scan, Analysis, Respond, and Assess. Correct Answer false Contagion proposition means that certain disorders generate more disorder unless they are quickly stamped out. Correct Answer true Risk factors refer to the statistical number given to delinquent juveniles. Correct Answer true The definition of community is the percentage of residents brought up in the area within a 15- minute walk from home. Correct Answer false A great deal of confusion exists as to what community policing actually means Correct Answer true Prevalence refers to the overall incidence of a problem in a geographical area. Correct Answer true Parental criminality has a risk factor of ten. Correct Answer true Pregnancy and obesity are referred to as individual risk factors. Correct Answer true "Committee of the Sheets" was a protest against the Mafia. Correct Answer true One attribute of a community is that it is recognized as a legal entity. Correct Answer false Community policing is based upon community partnership and problem solving. Correct Answer true CPTED is an acronym for community policing through education and deterrence. Correct Answer false Which of the following can be included in direct crime- mapping pattern applications of GIS? Correct Answer mapping incident types and modus operandi and mapping attributes of victims and suspects Cowper summarizes ________ by saying that we will have 100 years of progress in the next 25 years and 20,000 years of progress in the next 100 years. Correct Answer the law of accelerating returns What led to the establishment of 311 systems? Correct Answer need to decrease significant burden 911 had on city emergency resources and overreliance of the average citizen on the use of 911 ________ is most commonly associated with tracking down serial killers, rapists, and arsonists. Correct Answer Geographic profiling Which of the following is/are example(s) of advancements in surveillance technologies? Correct Answer closed- circuit television The Colorado Integrated Criminal Justice Information System (CICJIS) is an example of this Which of the following is/are part of the objectives created by William Bratton to guide the future direction of the NYPD? Correct Answer Reduce auto-related crimes in New York City. Under what stage of advancement did we see the bureaucratization of policing organizations that to some degree was a result of technological advancements? Correct Answer third stage The question, "Do the measures used in the analysis accurately reflect what is intended?" identifies what in crime analysis? Correct Answer relevancy Which of the following is/are part of the key elements of the CompStat model and issues involved in its replication in other departments? Correct Answer all of the above Geographic profiling combines the use of geography, philosophy, and sociology to track offenders. Correct Answer false Linkage analysis involves the use of data to determine the potential risks that certain areas may have for criminal victimization Correct Answer false The NYPD used pin maps to represent crime patterns as early as 1900. Correct Answer true According to Cowper (2003), we will have 200 years of progress in the next 20 years. Correct Answer false GPS may be used to track patrol cars or specially equipped stolen vehicles. Correct Answer true Tactical crime analysis involves the review of data spanning generally a year or more. Correct Answer true There are 311 systems available for police and fire calls that are not emergencies. Correct Answer true Target profiling involves connecting a suspect to a series of incidents. Correct Answer false The 911 system was first announced by AT&T in 1968. Correct Answer true The law of accelerating returns concerns how rapidly technology advances Correct Answer true The common focus of GIS is decision making. Correct Answer false Correlation means a possible relationship between two variables. Correct Answer true In the third stage of Souillere's paradigm, CAD became commonplace in police agencies. Correct Answer false GIS is an acronym for global information systems. Correct Answer true The "nearness principle" argues that offenders will remain within a limited range that is comfortable to them. Correct Answer true