Critical Thinking and Clinical Reasoning in Nursing: Exam 1 Review, Exams of Nursing

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GNUR 238 Exam 1 with Complete Questions and

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critical thinking - Correct Answer the ability to apply higher-order cognitive skills (conceptualization, analysis, evaluation) and the disposition to be deliberate about thinking (being open-minded or intellectually honest) that lead to action that is logical and appropriate critical thinking - Correct Answer involves the application of knowledge and experience to identify patient problems and to direct clinical judgements and actions that result in positive patient outcomes clinical reasoning - Correct Answer the ability to focus and filter clinical data to recognize what is most and least important, so the nurse can identify if an actual problem is present clinical judgement - Correct Answer combines the critical thinking, critical reasoning, and repetitive decision-making skills of a nurse problem solving - Correct Answer systematic, analytic approach to finding a solution to a problem decision making - Correct Answer choosing a solution or answer from among different options; often considered a step in the problem-solving process reasoning - Correct Answer logical thinking that links thoughts, ideas, and facts together in a meaningful way; used in scientific inquiry and problem solving judgement - Correct Answer the result or decision related to the processes of thinking and reasoning reflection - Correct Answer thinking that examines actions and beliefs, identifies new perspectives and knowledge, and can result in creative problem solving and enhanced practice evidence - Correct Answer identification and use of evidence are necessary to guide analysis of situations and decision making standards - Correct Answer critical thinking needs to be assessed and evaluated according to standards to ensure the quality of thinking attributes or traits - Correct Answer some personal characteristics are associated with critical thinking

Clarity - Correct Answer being easily understood or precise in thought and style; considered a gateway standard because a statement cannot be evaluated for accuracy or precision if it is ambiguous how can you elaborate on that point, how could you express that point differently, etc - Correct Answer what are examples of clarifying questions? accuracy - Correct Answer representing something in a true and correct way is that true? how can I determine whether this information is correct? - Correct Answer what are examples of accuracy assessment questions? precision - Correct Answer providing sufficient detail to understand exactly what was meant what are additional details? can you be more specific? - Correct Answer what are examples of precision assessment questions? relevance - Correct Answer focusing on facts and ideas directly related and pertinent to a topic how is this related to the question, how does this relate to the issue? - Correct Answer what are relevance assessment questions? depth - Correct Answer getting beneath a surface of the topic or problem to identify and manage related complexities how does this address the complexities of the issue, how does this take into account the problems associated with the question? - Correct Answer what are depth related assessment questions? breadth - Correct Answer considering a topic, problem, or issue from every relevant viewpoint are there other points of view for consideration? - Correct Answer what is an example of a breadth question? logic - Correct Answer using a mutually supportive and sensible combination of thoughts and facts to form a conclusion significance - Correct Answer concentrating on the most important information when considering an issue fairness - Correct Answer thinking or acting in accord with reason and without bias

short term and long term goals - Correct Answer what should you identify as part of planning? implementation - Correct Answer focuses on initiation of appropriate interventions designed to meet the unique needs of each patient or gorup evaluation - Correct Answer focuses on the patient or group and the patient's or groups' responses to nursing interventions and goal or outcome attainment observation - Correct Answer what is the first step of assessment? patient interview - Correct Answer a formal, structured discussion in which the nurse questions the patient to obtain demographic information, data about current health concerns, and medical and surgical histories orientation phase - Correct Answer nurse should establish the name by which the patient prefers to be addressed, provide a personal intro, and state the purpose of the interview, and open and closed ended questions comprehensive assessment - Correct Answer includes a thorough interview, health history, review of systems, and extensive physical head-to-toe-assessment focused assessment - Correct Answer a focused or clinical assessment is a brief individual physical examination conducted at the beginning of an acute care-setting work shift to establish current patient status, or during ongoing patient encounters in response to a specific patient concern emergency assessment - Correct Answer a physical examination done when time is a factor, treatment must begin immediately, or priorities for care need to be established in a few seconds or minutes primary data - Correct Answer come directly from the patient secondary data - Correct Answer spoken information or symptoms that are typically difficult to validate objective data - Correct Answer AKA signs; can be measured or observed cue - Correct Answer hint or indication of a potential disease process or disorder inferences - Correct Answer conclusions problem-focused nursing diagnosis - Correct Answer clinical judgements about undesirable human responses to health conditions or life processes that occur in an individual, family, group, or community

risk nursing diagnoses - Correct Answer identify risk factors that are vulnerabilities of an individual, family, group, or community for developing negative human responses to health conditions health promotion nursing diagnoses - Correct Answer clinical judgements concerning the motivation and desire of an individual, family, group, or community to increase well being and to actualize human health potential diagnosis label - Correct Answer a concise term or phrase that represents a pattern of related, clustered data related factors - Correct Answer the underlying cause or etiology of a patients' problem clustering - Correct Answer involves organizing patient assessment data into groupings with similar underlying causes short term goals - Correct Answer goals achievable in less than a week long term goals - Correct Answer goals that take weeks or months to achieve outcome indicators - Correct Answer criteria by which goal attainment is observed or measured implementation - Correct Answer consists of performing a task and documentation of each intervention evaluation - Correct Answer focuses on the patient and the patient's response to nursing interventions and outcome goal attainment direct care - Correct Answer refers to interventions that are carried out by having personal contact with patients indirect care - Correct Answer includes nursing interventions that are performed to benefit patients but do not involve face-to-face contact with patients independent nursing interventions - Correct Answer tasks within the nursing scope of practice that the nurse may undertake without a physician or PCP order dependent nursing interventions - Correct Answer tasks the nurse undertake that are within the nursing scope of practice but require the order of a primary care provider to be implemented clinical pathways - Correct Answer sometimes referred to as care pathways, care maps, or critical pathways, are multidsciplinary resources designed to guide patient care

in between 94 to 120 - Correct Answer normal systolic blood pressure for a 15 year old in between 62 and 80 - Correct Answer normal diastolic blood pressure for a 15 year old 95.9-99.5 - Correct Answer normal temperature for an adult 60 - 100 - Correct Answer normal pulse for an adult 12 - 20 - Correct Answer normal RR for an adult 90 - 120 - Correct Answer normal systolic blood pressure for an adult