D440 Health and Wellness EAQ Questions and answers D440 Health and Wellness EAQ Questions, Exams of Nursing

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Questions and answers

Which statement best describes the role of nutrients? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ Nutrients have specific metabolic functions. The nurse is providing nutrition education to a patient with high blood pressure. Which nutrient will the nurse recommend to offset sodium intake? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ Potassium. Why is the intake of dietary foods that contain amino acids essential in a patient's diet? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ the amino acids are required for the synthesis of protein. The nurse is assessing the diet of a family who is having trouble adhering to the MyPlate food guidelines. which factor most limits their food choices? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ The family makes monthly trips to the food pantry The nurse is helping a new mother plan menus for her growing family. Which recommendation most facilitates adding variety to the family's diet? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ Eating foods from all food groups and subgroups The nurse is discussing folate with a a pregnant patient. What will the nurse tell her? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ Folic acid is a synthetic supplement The nurse is evaluating the supplements a patient reports taking. What resource will aid in the nurse's assessment? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ Tolerable upper intake level

Questions and answers

Which vitamin nutrient is most important in the promotion of postoperative wound healing? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ Vitamin C What is the priority potential risk factor for the patient admitted to the hospital with uncontrolled chronic hypertension and a blood clot in the lower left leg? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ Drug-nutrient interactions The nurse is reviewing a food diary with a patient. Which food should be limited? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ Partially hydrogenated oils Which patient is at highest risk for harmful overnutrition? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ The patient who takes multiple vitamin supplements In which category of the daily recommended intake (DRI) interconnected categories will the patient fall if a diet that is 35% fat is consumed? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ Tolerable upper intake level An athlete wants to improve performance by consuming more protein. Which food does the nurse recommend removing? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ Pancakes Which is an example of a nutrition intervention recommended in the Healthy People 2030 national foal for Nutrition and Healthy Eating? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ Greater variety in healthy options on the workplace food menu

Questions and answers

What is the nurse's best approach to education a patient who wants to start a popular weight-loss diet? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ Review the diet Dietary recommendations from various organizations, such as the American Cancer Society and American Heart Association, are modeled after what? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ Dietary Guidelines for Americans Which menu item does the nurse know fulfills the MyPlate guidelines of 1 oz of grains? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ A 1.2 cup serving of a whole grain rice Which intervention will be the nurse's priority for a patient newly diagnosed with heart disease? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ Health promotion The nurse is helping a patient with newly diagnosed diabetes plan meals. Which food item does the nurse recommend, especially because it is lowest in calories? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ Multigrain cereals A patient with a familial history of heart disease and diabetes asks the nurse, "How can I prevent these diseases from happening to me?" Which is the most comprehensive resource for this patient? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ Healthy People 2030 A patient consumes large amounts of fruits but no vegetables. Which nutrient might the nurse expect to be low in the patient's laboratory test results? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ Vitamin K

Questions and answers

Which nutrient breaks down to yield energy within the body? -Fats -Water -Proteins -Vitamins -Minerals -Carbohydrates CORRECT ANSWERS✅ -Fats -Proteins -Carbohydrates Which household has the highest risk for food insecurity? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ A household with children Which specific national goal of the Healthy people 2030 initiative is listed under the Nutrition and Healthy Eating category? -Reducing poverty -Promoting access to healthier food -Increasing iron intake -Increasing folate intake -Improving nutrition in health care settings CORRECT ANSWERS✅ -Promoting access to healthier food -Increasing iron intake -Improving nutrition in health care settings

Questions and answers

What major theme is identified in the most recent major report in the Healthy People series? -Weight control -Healthy choices in diet -Reduction of alcohol intake -Education about risk factors for disease -Education about drug-nutrient interactions CORRECT ANSWERS✅ -Weight control -Healthy choices in diet -Education about risk factors for disease After reviewing "Choose MyPlate's 10 Tips to a Great Plate," a patient tells the nurse, "I do not like milk, but I know I need calcium. Can I substitute ice cream for milk?" What is the nurse's most appropriate response? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ "Let's explore some other dietary options." According to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, which type of fat should be limited in the diet? -Trans fats -Saturated fats -Hydrogenated fats -Polyunsaturated fats -Monounsaturated fats CORRECT ANSWERS✅ -Trans fats -Saturated fats

Questions and answers

-Hydrogenated fats A group of nursing students is learning to work with the MyPlate food guidelines. Which resource is available on the MyPlate website? -Serving size based on size of plate -Sample menus based on sex and age -Easy-to-read fact sheets -Healthy recipes -Location of food sources CORRECT ANSWERS✅ -Sample menus based on sex and age -Easy-to-read fact sheets -Healthy recipes A patient complains of being tired all the time. After reviewing the patient's diet, the nurse hypothesizes that a lack of which nutritional element may be causing the fatigue? -Fried foods -Saturated fats -Vitamins -Minerals -Dietary fiber -Low-fat dairy CORRECT ANSWERS✅ -Vitamins -Minerals

Questions and answers

-Dietary fiber -Low-fat dairy The nurse knows the MyPlate food guidelines are designed to help Americans make better food choices. On what are these recommendations based? -Current patterns of consumption -Nutritional facts -The 2020-2025 Dietary Guidelines for Americans -The Food Pyramid -Dietary references intakes (DRIs) CORRECT ANSWERS✅ -Current patterns of consumption -The 2020-2025 Dietary Guidelines for Americans -Dietary references intakes (DRIs) Which dietary element does the nurse know is included on the MyPlate visual? -Vitamins -Fruit -Minerals -Grains -Vegetables -Protein CORRECT ANSWERS✅ -Fruit -Grains -Vegetables

Questions and answers

-Protein How many kilocalories are consumed when eating 16 g of fat? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ 144; there are 9 kcal in each gram of fat. To determine the amount of kcal in 16 g of fat, 9 kcal is multiplied by 16g. There are 144 kcal in 16 g of fat. Which provides an essential base for all metabolic processes? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ Water Which dietary reference intake (DRI_) panel was developed by the Food and Nutrition Board of the Institute of Medicine to examine the benefits of nutrition and the hazards of consuming too much of a nutrient? -Fatty acids -Antioxidants -Micronutrients -Trace elements -Folate and other B vitamins CORRECT ANSWERS✅ -Antioxidants -Trace elements -Folate and other B vitamins Which are the preferred reference values for evaluating diets in healthy people? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ Dietary reference intakes

Questions and answers

In which category of the daily recommended intake of (DRI) interconnected categories will the patient fall if a diet that is 35% fat is consumed? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ Tolerable upper intake level An older woman is asking which special nutrient she should consume as she ages. Which nutrient or fod is important to include in her menu plan? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ Foods fortified with vitamin B The nurse is updating teaching material to match the 2010 dietary reference intakes (DRIs). Which nutrient DRIs were increasd to promote bone health? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ Calcium and Vitamin D An older patient with heart failure is reviewing menu options and wants to reduce sodium intake. What is the recommended daily sodium intake? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ 1500 mg/day Which statement defines resting energy expenditure (REE)? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ It is the amount of energy (in kcal) needed by the body for the maintenance of life at rest over a 24-hour period Calculate the total energy expenditure (TEE) using Mifflin-St. Jeor formula for a patient who is mildly obese based on the information below: Female Height: 5 feet 4 inches Weight: 178 pounds

Questions and answers

Age: 52 CORRECT ANSWERS✅ 1685 kcal/day; -Patient height in inches: (5 feet x 12 in/ft) + 4 in = 64in -Patient's height in cm: 64 in x 2.54 cm/in = 162. -Patient's weight in kg: 178lbs / 2.2lbs/kg = 80. -Multiply the patients height, weight, and age to the respective numbers in the formula before adding height and weight together and subtract the age total and

161. Then complete the formula by multiplying the total by the PA. TEE = [(10 x 80.91) + (6.25 x 162.56) - (5 x 52) - 161] x 1.2 = TEE = (809.1 + 1016 - 260 - 161) x 1. TEE = 1404.1 x 1.2 = 1684.92 rounded to the nearest whole number = 1685 kcal/day In a well-nourished person, which anatomical structure holds a 12- to 48-hour reserve of glycogen, a source of stored energy? -Adipose tissue -Muscle -Liver -Pancreas -Gallbladder CORRECT ANSWERS✅ -Muscle -Liver The clinician is measuring the basal energy expenditure (BEE) of a patient using a food consumption and physical activity record that the patient has kept. Which factor can increase the BEE? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ Increased lean body mass

Questions and answers

Along with increasing exercise, which nutrient-dense food would the nurse recommend to a patient with a sedentary lifestyle? -Fruits -Butter -Olive oil -Legumes -Dairy substitutes CORRECT ANSWERS✅ -Fruits -Legumes -Dairy substitutes when providing information about nutrition, which activity would be included in the discussion as necessary to sustain life? -Regular exercise -Nutrient-dense foods -Normal bodily functions -Tissue growth and repair -Body temperature regulation CORRECT ANSWERS✅ -Normal bodily functions -Tissue growth and repair -Body temperature regulation Which factor makes a predictive formula unreliable for some patients? -Disease state

Questions and answers

-Body temperature -Age -Obesity status -Growth periods CORRECT ANSWERS✅ -Disease state -Age -Obesity status The nurse is screening a newborn infant for congenital hypothyroidism (CH). Which factor is linked to this altered metabolic condition? -Male sex -Maternal age -Gestational age -Low birth weight -Caucasian ethnicity CORRECT ANSWERS✅ -Gestational age -Low birth weight A patient in the clinic has symptoms including weight gain and fatigue. Which factor does the nurse consider when assess this patient? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ Hormone levels When using body mass index (BMI), which group may be considered overweight but not "overfat"? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ Physically active adults

Questions and answers

Most of the kilocalories in fruits come from which food category? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ Carbohydrates Which step helps maintain energy balance in the body? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ Ensure that the food energy intake matches body energy output as an average over time A clinician is measuring the basal energy expenditure of athletes before and after a sporting event. Which method does the clinician use for a high degree of accuracy? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ Ventilated hood When counseling a patient with a metabolic condition, which activity would the nurse explain uses the greatest amount of energy in the body? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ Respiratory effort Which recommendation promotes healthy by suggesting energy intake levels for maintaining body weight within specific age, sex, height, weight, and physical activity categories? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ Estimated energy requirement Which characteristic is associated with nonnutritive sweeteners? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ No caloric value Which type of fiber is insoluble and helps the digestive tract hold water? -Lignin -Gums

Questions and answers

-Pectin -Cellulose -Hemicellulose CORRECT ANSWERS✅ -Lignin -Cellulose -Hemicellulose Effective chewing is an important aspect of which process? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ Mechanical digestion Which statement about the classification of carbohydrates is incorrect? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ "Glucose is a monosaccharide found naturally in almost all types of foods." Soluble fiber helps lower blood cholesterol levels through which mechanism? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ Binding bile acids Which statement about digestion is correct? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ "When I put food in my mouth, digestion is stimulated." Which food causes bloating gas, abdominal pain, and diarrhea in individuals with lactose intolerance? -Glass of milk -Cheese and crackers -Half a turkey sandwich

Questions and answers

-Slice of toast with butter -Salad with low-fat dressing CORRECT ANSWERS✅ -Glass of milk -Cheese and crackers -Slice of toast with butter Which food sources supply carbohydrates in the form of naturally occurring sugars? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ Fruits and dairy products Which statement about carbohydrate absorption is true? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ Carbohydrates must be broken down into monosaccharides before they can be absorbed into circulation. Which statement would most accurately describe complex carbohydrates? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ "complex carbohydrates may provide fiber in addition to glucose." Which statement concerning food sources of complex carbohydrates requires correction? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ "Two easily obtained sources of complex carbohydrates are sugar beets and corn syrup." Which food is a good source of pectin and can help in reducing the total cholesterol level? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ Oranges

Questions and answers

A client who reports consuming large amounts of milk, cheese, and ice cream reports bloating, gas, abdominal pain, and diarrhea. Which condition would be associated with these symptoms? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ Lactose intolerance In which form are carbohydrates stored in the body for times wen a quick source of energy is needed? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ Glycogen Which problem is associated with the "net carb" theory? -Sugar alcohols do not have kilocalories -It is a marketing tactic of food manufacturers -Excessive intake of sugar alcohols can cause diarrhea -The safety of excessive use of sugar alcohols in food is well established -Sugar alcohols and fiber have low glycemic index values CORRECT ANSWERS✅ -It is a marketing tactic of food manufacturers -Excessive intake of sugar alcohols can cause diarrhea -Sugar alcohols and fiber have low glycemic index values Which food source contributes to an increased incidence of dental caries and should be minimized o avoided in the diet? -Fruits drinks -Sports drinks -Whole fruits -Whole-grain breads -Ready-to-eat-cereals CORRECT ANSWERS✅ -Fruits drinks

Questions and answers

-Sports drinks -Ready-to-eat-cereals Which statement about glycemic index (GI) is incorrect? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ "It is the same for every person." Which finding indicates that carbohydrate levels are sufficient to meet the body's energy demands? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ Normal serum ketone level Which of the following foods is a source of soluble fiber? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ Legumes Which aspect of carbohydrate digestion is facilitated by the liver? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ Regulation of glucose entering the blood in response to pancreatic hormones Which carbohydrate most efficiently adds important bulk to the diet? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ Cellulose What is the dietary reference intake (DRI) per day for carbohydrates for adults? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ 225 to 325 g Which food choice provides complex carbohydrates? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ Beans

Questions and answers

What type of fat remains in meat after the excess fat has been trimmed off? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ Invisible Which is true regarding the storage of fat after digestion? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ Fat is stored in adipose tissue Which substance is secreted by the Ebner glands? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ Lingual lipase Where is dietary fat absorbed in the digestive system? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ Small intestine Which substance is an emulsifier? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ Bile salts Which component helps split large fat globules into smaller particles? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ Emulsifier Which substance surrounds monoglycerides and fatty acids in the lumen of the intestine, allowing them to travel to the villi for absorption? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ Bile salts Which plant oil is high in saturated fat? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ Coconut oil Which is a role of linoleic acid and alpha-linolenic acid in the body?

Questions and answers

-Maintain skin integrity -Support immune function -Form bile acids -Aggregate blood platelets -Serve as a precursor to steroid hormones CORRECT ANSWERS✅ -Maintain skin integrity -Support immune function -Aggregate blood platelets For which purpose are lipids stored in the body as adipose tissue? -Regulates body temperature -Provides energy -Store energy -Support vital organs -Supply essential acids CORRECT ANSWERS✅ -Regulates body temperature -Store energy -Support vital organs Which statement is true about essential fatty acids? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ They are fatty acids that must be obtained by the dietary sources because the body cannot synthesize them.

Questions and answers

Which essential fatty acid must be obtained from food because they body cannot make sufficient amounts? -Linoleic -Palmitic -arachidonic -Alpha-linolenic -Omega-3 fatty CORRECT ANSWERS✅ -Linoleic -Alpha-linolenic Which describes the role of lipoproteins? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ Combines with triglycerides, protein, phospholipids, cholesterol, and other fat-soluble substances, allowing fat to travel throughout the bloodstream. Which food is the most abundant source of polyunsaturated fats? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ Sunflower oil Which food is the most abundant dietary source of saturated fats? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ Red meat Production of which substance is initiated when fat enters the duodenum? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ Cholecystokinin Which substance does the pancreas produce? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ Lipase

Questions and answers

Which is the package that transport fat from the lumen to the villi? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ Micelles Which substance transports lipids into the bloodstream? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ Lipoproteins Which food is high in fat and recommended in small portions only? -Eggs -Cheese -Frozen yogurt -Nuts -Mayonnaise -Fruit CORRECT ANSWERS✅ -Cheese -Nuts -Mayonnaise Which substance is responsible for separating fatty acids from triglycerides? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ Pancreatic lipase Which description is accurate regarding a chylomicron? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ A lipoprotein formed in the intestine to transport fat to the liver via the lymphatic system

Questions and answers

Which lipoproteins are formed after lipids are absorbed from food? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ Chylomicrons What is true regarding the absorption of lipids? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ Lipid absorption occurs in the small intestine Which types of fat raise blood levels of total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ Saturated and trans fats Which is the best description of what happens to bile after it emulsifies fat? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ It is reabsorbed and returned to the liver for reuse Which phospholipid has control over inflammatory response, blood clotting, and blood pressure regulation and serves as a messenger for the central nervous system? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ Eicosanoids For which function are eicosanoids responsible? -Blood clotting -Cellular signaling -Membrane fluidity -Blood pressure regulation -Messengers for the CNS -Inflammatory response CORRECT ANSWERS✅ -Blood clotting -Blood pressure regulation

Questions and answers

-Messengers for the CNS -Inflammatory response Which is the best choice for a low-fat meal? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ Chicken and rice Which role does protein play in the immune system? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ Builds lymphocytes Which element distinguishes protein from other nutrients? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ Nitrogen What influences the body's requirements for protein? -Illness -Tissue growth -Water intake -Low vitamin D -Quality of dietary protein CORRECT ANSWERS✅ -Illness -Tissue growth -Quality of dietary protein Which method is used to rate protein quality according to the amount of indispensable amino acids contained and the digestibility of the whole protein

Questions and answers

and also measure the digestibility of each amino acid in the ileum? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ Digestible indispensable amino acid score Which factor influences the body's requirement for protein? -Tissue growth -Illness or disease -Personal preference -Quality of dietary protein -Dietary guidelines for Americans CORRECT ANSWERS✅ -Tissue growth -Illness or disease -Quality of dietary protein Which description is true of dispensable amino acids? -Their functions are nonessential -They are needed for a healthy life -They are not necessary to obtain in the diet -They cannot be made by the body -They can be synthesized from other amino acids CORRECT ANSWERS✅ -They are needed for a healthy life -They are not necessary to obtain in the diet -They can be synthesized from other amino acids

Questions and answers

Which type of amino acid is necessary for patients experiencing certain illnesses? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ Conditionally indispensable Which characteristic is associated with both kwashirkor and marasmus? -Stunted growth -Poor development -Generalized edema -Little or no body fat -Weakened immune system CORRECT ANSWERS✅ -Stunted growth -Poor development -Weakened immune system What statement made by the nurse demonstrates understanding of the role or rennin in the absorption of protein? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ "Rennin and calcium prevent rapid absorption of milk in an infant." Which enzyme that is involved in the digestion of protein is responsible for attacking acid in the small intestine? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ Carboxypeptidase Which type of food is a complete protein and should be included while planning a patient's diet? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ Fish Which is the final enzyme in the protein-splitting system, and where is it produced? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ Dipeptidase produced in the small intestine