Dental Anatomy Final Exam Review Exam with Complete Solutions (2024 Study Guide), Exams of Dental Anatomy

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Dental Anatomy Final Exam Review Exam with

Complete Solutions (2024 Study Guide)

Describe the difference between the Incisal Ridge and Incisal Edge Incisal edge: sharp line that delineates facial from lingual forms Incisal ridge: covers entire incisal surface. Has more surface area then incisal edge. When does calcification begin? By what time have all primary teeth begun calcification 13-16 weeks in utero calcification commences 18-20 weeks in utero: all primary teeth have initiated calcification What is the order of the first evidence of Calcification in the Primary dentition? Central incisor → 1st Molar → Lateral incisor → Canine → 2nd Molar Which Primary teeth are First to have a complete root? When? Mx Central incisor Md Central incisor Md Lateral incisor All at 1.5 years Which Primary teeth are last to have a complete root? When? Mx and Md canines 3.25 years of age By what age does anterior tooth spacing stop? 6 years of age Which Permanent tooth is the 1st to erupt into the oral cavity? What age? Permanent 1st molars (Md precedes Mx slightly) 6 years of age By age 6, which Permanent teeth have Crowns that are Completely calcified? Central and Lateral incisors 1st Premolars 1st Molars (Md and Mx for all of these) What is the Chronology of Calcification of the Permanent Mandibular teeth? 1st Molar → Incisors → Canines → Premolars → 2nd Molar → 3rd Molar What is the Chronology of Calcification of the Permanent Maxillary teeth? 1st Molar → Central incisor → Canine → Lateral incisor → Premolars → 2nd Molar → 3rd Molar What is the Order of Eruption for the Permanent Mandibular teeth? 1st Molar → Central incisor → Lateral incisor → Canine → 1st Premolar → 2nd Premolar → 2nd Molar → 3rd Molar By 8 years of age, what is the state of the 2nd and 3rd Permanent Molars? 2nd molar has not yet erupted 3rd molar has not yet begun calcification What are the 4 classifications of Cusp Form?

Haplodont: single cone Triconodont: 3 cusps in straight line

Tritubercular Molar: 3 cusps in primary triangle Quadritubercular Molar: 4 cusps in rectangular or rhomboid form From a Proximal aspect of the Mandibular teeth, which tooth has the greatest and which tooth has the least Proximal Reference angle? give the specific angle measurement Greatest angle: Lateral incisor at 23º Least angle: 2nd Premolar at 6º From a Facial aspect of the Mandibular teeth, which tooth has the greatest and which tooth has the least Facial Reference angle? give specific measurement Greatest angle: 2nd Molar at 14º Least angle: Lateral incisor at 0º What is the Facial reference angle of the Mandibular 2nd Premolar? 9º List the Location of the Proximal Contact areas of the Maxillary Anterior teeth Midline: Incisal third Distal of central: Junction of incisal and middle thirds Mesial of lateral: Junction of incisal and middle thirds Distal of lateral: Middle third Mesial of canine: Junction of incisal and middle thirds Distal of canine: Middle third (I,J,J,M,J,M) Which periodontal fibers are Resistant to forceful impaction of a tooth into the alveolus? Oblique fibers Name the Smallest embrasue in the Posterior Maxilla Between 1st and 2nd Molars Describe the difference between Primary and Permanent teeth regarding the following: Enamel Dentin Pulp horns Pulp chambers -Primary Enamel is Thinner and has Consistent depth -Primary Dentin is Thinner (limited between enamel and pulp chambers) -Primary Pulp Horns are Higher (higher underneath crown heights) -Primary pulp chambers are proportionately Large Describe the Incisal ridge of the Primary Maxillary Lateral incisor. Describe the Lingal fossa of this tooth. Curved toward the Facial surface Lingual fossa is Modestly (moderately) deep Where is most of the tooth structure on the Primary Maxillary Lateral incisor? Why? Most tooth structure is on the Facial surface Due to Lingual taper (less tooth structure on the lingual) Which Line angle is unique on the Primary Maxillary Lateral incisor? What is unique about it? DistoLingual line angle is slightly Concave What is the outline form of the Primary Maxillary 2nd Molar? How many cusps does it have?

Somewhat Rhomboidal 5 cusps What structures on the Occlusal surface of the Primary Maxillary 2nd Molar would be described as being Very Prominent or well developed (compared to Mx 1st molar)? Marginal ridges (mesial and distal) Oblique ridge T/F The DF triangular ridge and the DL triangular ridge meet up to form a Transverse ridge on the Primary Maxillary 2nd Molar False: Transverse ridge is formed between the Mesial cusps (MF and ML) Name the Major and Minor Fossae of the Primary Maxillary 2nd Molar Major: Central fossa and Distal fossa Minor: Mesial and Distal Triangular fossa What negative anatomy structure connects the Central and Distal fossae on the Primary Maxillary 2nd Molar Transverse groove of the Oblique ridge What negative anatomy structure extends Lingually from the Distal fossa? What does it go? Distal Oblique groove Extends onto Lingual surface as the Lingual developmental groove Which tooth appears to be 2 dissimilar teeth that were fused together? Primary Mandibular 1st Molar Describe the Mesial surface outline of the Primary Mandibular 1st Molar from a Facial aspect Mesial surface outline is Relatively Flat (distal has more curvature) Where are the Proximal contact areas of the Primary Mandibular 1st Molar? Occlusal portion of Middle third (very close to the Junction of the middle and occlusal thirds) How many cusps are visible from a Facial aspect of the Primary Mandibular 1st Molar? Which cusp is taller? 2 cusps: MF and DF MF cusp Taller than DF cusp Describe the Facial groove between the MF and DF cusps of the Primary Mandibular 1st Molar Short Indistinct facial groove (more of a depression than a groove) Describe the Cervical Ridge and the Cervical Line of the Primary Mandibular 1st Molar from a Facial aspect Cervical Ridge very large and Convex on Mesial half and Fades out onto the distofacial Cervical Line significantly dips down Apically onto the Mesial root. Line comes back up on the Distal Compare the Mesial to the Distal Root of the Primary Mandibular 1st Molar from a Facial aspect Mesial root is Longer and Straighter than the Distal root What is Fusion? regarding tooth bud development. What feature of the tooth is always involved?

2 roots combine into 1 crown Caused by the Union of 2 adjacent tooth germs Always involves Dentin What is Concrescence? regarding tooth bud development Superficial union of Roots by way of Deposition of Cementum Permanent Mx Central incisor (incisal view) Where is the Crest of the Cingulum located? Slightly Distal to the mesiodistal bisector (also called Summit of cingulum) How would you describe the Facial surface outline between the MF and DF line angles? Permanent Mx Central incisor (incisal view) Relatively Straight Which of the following can be used to differentiate Mx Central from Mx Lateral incisors Size Angularity Root Curvature Crests of Cingulum Presence of Lingual fossa and Marginal ridges Size: Central Larger than Lateral Angularity: Central more Angular than Lateral Root curvature: Central is Straight, Lateral is curved Crests of Cingulum: Same (can't use) Presence of structures: Can't use presence alone Permanent Md Lateral incisors (Mesial view) What is the position of the Incisal Ridge? How does the Cervical line travel? Where is the Apex of the curvature of the Cervical line located? Incisal ridge positioned Lingual to FL long axis bisector (inclined lingually) Cervical line curves Incisally (taller on Mesial than Distal). Apex of curvature found in the Middle of the tooth faciolingually Describe the root surface depression of the Permanent Md Lateral incisors (Mesial view) Broad root depression that extends Most of the Length of the root What distal structure can been seen from a Mesial view of the Permanent Md Lateral incisor Distal Marginal ridge What structures line up with the Cusp tip on the Permanent Mx Canine (Distal view) Root Tip Height of curvature of the Cervical line What is the location of the Concavity on the distal aspect of the Permanent Mx Canine? Concavity on the distal Crown surface that is Cervical to the Distal contact area Permanent Md Canine (Incisal view) What direction does the crown taper? What is the overall shape of the crown? Tapers Distally and Lingually Bulkier on Mesial half of crown and on Facial half of crown Diamond shaped Is the Permanent Md Canine Larger Faciolingually or is it Larger

Mesiodistally? Larger Faciolingually

Describe the location of the Mesial Contact Area of the Mx 1st Premolar in relation to other structures Located just Cervical to the Facial segment of the Mesial marginal ridge Located Facial to the Mesial marginal ridge developmental groove Describe the location of the Facial cusp tip of the Mx 1st Premolar relative to the MD bisector and FL bisector (Occlusal View) -Slightly Distal to MD bisector of the crown -1/3 of the distance from the Facial outline to the FL bisector (closer to facial outline) Mx 2nd Premolar (occlusal view) Describe the Shape of the Triangular fossa. Compare the placement of the Triangular fossa to the Mx 1st premolar. Irregularly shaped Fossa are closer to the center of the tooth than the Mx 1st premolar → Short central groove and Wide marginal ridges Comparing the Central groove on the Mx and Md Premolars. On which Premolar is the Central groove most Lingually positioned? (furthest away from center part of tooth) Md 1st premolar Which Premolar has the biggest Difference in Triangular ridge size? (comparing Facial triangular ridge to Lingual triangular ridge of all Premolars) Md 1st Premolar Which of the Following can be used to Differentiate between Md 1st Premolar from the Md 2nd Premolar? Occlusal table shape # of cusps Lingual groove Central groove Crown taper Transverse ridge presence Occlusal table shape: Yes (2nd is larger) # of cusps: Yes, 2 vs. 3 cusps Lingual groove: Yes, (2nd has lingual groove) Central groove: No, both have groove Crown taper: Yes, different tapering patterns Transverse ridge presence: Yes Mx 1st Molars (Facial view) Which root is the longest and by how much? With what structures does the root apex line up? Lingual root Longest by 1mm Apex lines up with Facial groove Mx 1st Molar Which root has a Root surface depression? Describe the extent of said root surface

depression Mesial aspect of MF root Wide and Shallow depression Extends from Cervical 1/3, through Middle 1/3, and onto a small portion of the Apical 1/3 (not on the crown)

Mx 1st Molar (distal aspect) The apex of the Lingual root lines up with what? Positioned 1/2 between Greatest lingual contour of the crown and the Tip of the DL cusp Mx 1st Molar (occlusal aspect) Describe the Cuspal ridges of the Cusps. Which Cuspal ridge is the longest? Each cusp has Well developed cuspal ridges Distal cuspal ridge of the ML cusp is the longest How can you differentiate between the Mx 1st and Mx 2nd Molars regarding Pit structure? Mx 1st molar has separate Distal and Distal triangular pits Mx 2nd molar Only has the Distal Triangular pit Name the major pits of the Mx 3rd molar Central Pit Mesial triangular pit Distal triangular pit List the cusp tips of the Md 1st Molar in order of Cusp Tip Height from Tallest to Shortest (tallest) ML cusp → MF cusp → DF cusp → DL cusp → Distal cusp (shortest) Name the Prominent anatomical structures on the Facial surface of the Permanent Md 1st Molar Facial Cervical Ridge: on Mesial 2/3 of crown within the Cervical 1/3 of the crown Lateral Depression: found at Terminus of the MF pit (end of MF groove) The Lingual cusp tip of the Md 1st Molar (mesial aspect) is lined up with what? Middle 1/3 of the Lingual root surface What structures are lined up when viewing the Md 1st Molar from a Distal aspect? Mesial and Distal root apices are lined up with each other They don't line up with any specific structure in the crown (Between Distal cusp and Central groove) Md 1st Molar (Occlusal aspect) Which cusp tip is positioned the most Facially? most Mesially? most Distally? Most Facial cusp: DF cusp Most Mesial cusp: ML cusp Most Distal cusp: Distal cusp How many Facial or Buccal grooves are found on the Facial aspect of the Md 2nd Molar? Where do these grooves end? 1 Facial/Buccal groove that divides MF from DF cusps Ends in a Facial/Buccal Pit found in the Middle 1/3 of the crown Md 2nd Molar (Mesial aspect) Compare the Facial outline of the crown to the Lingual outline of the crown. Facial outline is Longer than the Lingual outline (measured from cervical line) Md 2nd Molar (Occlusal aspect)

What negative anatomy structures make up the Central pit? Where is the Central pit located on the crown? Formed where the Facial, Lingual, and Central grooves meet Located on the Lingual half of crown

Md 3rd Molar (Mesial aspect) Describe the incline of the Triangular ridges of the MF and DF cusps Steeply angles at about 40º From an Occlusal view, which line angle is the most angled and sharpest on the Md 3rd Molar. ML line angle Describe the Root structure of the Mx 1st Premolar from a Mesial view. Describe the Root surface depression. 2 roots, Facial and Lingual in the Apicial 1/4 of the root Deep root depression that Increases in width Occlusally from Bifurcation to the Cervical line Depression extends onto the crown Which Molar has a shallow developmental depression that extends Occlusally from the root across the cervical line onto Cervical 1/3 of crown? Mx 1st Molar: Lingual Root Describe the Pulp Chamber of the Permanent Mx Central Incisor in a Cervical Cross- section and in a Facial cross-section Cervical cross-section: Wider on Facial aspect than on lingual Facial cross-section: 3 distinct pulp horns present in pulp chamber Give the Percent frequency for the following in a Permanent Md Canine: 1 canal 2 canals 1 root 2 roots 3 roots 1 canal: 90% 2 canals: 10% 1 root: 95% 2 roots: 5% 3 roots: ~0% What is the Percentage frequency for the following in a Mx 1st Premolar: 1 canal 2 canals 3 canals 1 root 2 roots 3 roots 1 canal: 12% 2 canals: 83% 3 canals: 2% 1 root: 23% 2 roots: 75% 3 roots: 2% What is the Percentage frequency for having 2 or more canals in the MF root of the Mx 1st Molar? 60%