Dental Embryology, Histology and Anatomy 2024-2025. Questions & Correct Answers. Graded A+, Exams of Nursing

Download Dental Embryology, Histology and Anatomy 2024-2025. Questions & Correct Answers. Graded A+ and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! Dental Embryology, Histology and Anatomy 2024-2025. Questions & Correct Answers. Graded A+ 3 Dentition Periods - ANS1) Primary Dentition - 6 months - 6 years; Starts with the arrival of the first tooth and the dentition only has primary teeth present. 2) Mixed Dentition - 6 years - 12 years; Starts with the shedding of the primary teeth and the arrival of the permanent teeth. Both primary and permanent teeth are present. 3) Permanent Dentition - After 12 years; Starts with the loss of the last primary tooth, only permanent teeth are present. 3 possible interfaces at the CEJ - ANS1) the cementum may overlap the enamel at the neck of each tooth. 2) The enamel may meet the cementum edge to edge. 3) a small area of underlying dentin may be exposed because there is a gap between the enamel and the cementum. Alveolar Process - ANSThe portion of the jaw which serves as a support for the tooth. Alveolus - ANSSurrounding and supporting the tooth by the bony socket of a tooth; located in the alveolar process of each jaw. Anatomical Crown - ANSPart of the crown covered by enamel. It remains constant throughout the life of the tooth. Anatomical Root - ANSPart of the root covered by cementum; the part of a tooth that is embedded in the jaw and is not exposed to the oral cavity. Anterior Teeth - ANSInclude the central and lateral incisors along with the canine teeth; located in the front of the mouth. Apex of Root - ANSThe tip or peak at the end of the root. Apical Foramen - ANSOpening at the apex of the root of a tooth through wich the nerve and blood vessels that supply the dental pulp pass. Bifurcation - ANSTooth having two root branches. Buccal Ridge - ANSA ridge running cervico-occlusally in approximately the center of the buccal surface of premolars, more pronounced on the first than the second premolars. Buccal Surfaces - ANSMeaning cheek; tooth surfaces closest to the inner cheeks. Another name for the facial surface of the posterior teeth. Canines - ANSAnterior teeth that function as instruments to tear or pierce food durning mastication because of their tapered shape and prominent cusp. Cementoenamel Junction (CEJ) - ANSAn external line at the neck or cervix of the tooth which seperates the crown from the root; roots are widest in this area and taper toward the apex of the tooth. Cementum - ANSdull yellow surface of the anatomical root; is the outermost layer of the root of the tooth. Cervical Line - ANSSame as: CEJ (cementoenamel junction); the area where the line is formed seperating the crown from the root. Cervical Ridge - ANSA ridge running mesiodistally on the cervical one third of the buccal surface of the crown, found on all decidous teeth but only on during tooth development usually separating lobes or major portions of a tooth. The major grooves are named according to their location. Diastema - ANSOpen contact that can exist between permanent maxillary central incisors. diphyodont - ANSTwo seperate sets of teeth or dentition. Distal Surface - ANSThe surface of the tooth that is farthest away from the midline of the dental arch. Distal, Middle, Mesial or Labial, Middle, Lingual or Buccal, Middle, Lingual - ANSThe devision of a tooth crown vertically Embrasures - ANSWhen two teeth in the same arch come into contact, their curvatures next to the contact areas form a triangular shape space between the two teeth as the mesial and distal surfaces slope away from each other. Enamel - ANSHard shiny outer layer of tooth that covers the anatomical crown. Eruption - ANSThe act of a tooth moving occlusally and becoming visible in the mouth as it emerges through the gum tissue. Facial Surfaces - ANSStructures or tooth surface closest to the facial surface next to the lips; the facial surface of the anterior teeth. Fissure - ANSA narrow channel, cleft or ditch that is sometimes deep which forms at the bottom of a developmental groove caused or formed during the develpment of a tooth and extending toward the pulp from the groove. These can be considered an abnormality, decay can often begin in this deep area. Fossa (plural form: Fossae) - ANSA depression or hollow found on the lingual surfaces of some anterior teeth; particularly of maxillary incisors) and on the occlusal surfaces of all posterior teeth. Furcation - ANSArea between two or more root branches before devision from root trunk. Gingiva - ANSGum tissue composed of mucosa surrounding maxillary and mandibular teeth. Gingival Recession - ANSThe marginal gingiva recedes towards the root of the tooth leaving the root of the tooth exposed. Heght of Contour - ANSAKA: Crest of Curvature; the greatest elevation of the tooth either incisocervically or occlusocervically on a specific surface of the crown. The contact areas on the mesial and distal of the proximal surfaces of the crown. Heterodont - ANSComprised of different types, or classes of teeth to perform different functions in the mastication process. homodont - ANSAll of the teeth are the same in form and type. Incisal Edge - ANSRidge on permanent incisors that flatten after eruption; the cutting edge, ridge. or surface, of anterior teeth. Incisal Surface - ANSThe masticatory surface on the most superior surface of the crown of an anterior tooth. Incisors - ANSAnterior teeth that function as instruments for biting and cutting food during mastication because of their triangular proximal form. International Standards Organization Designation System (ISO System) - ANSThis system uses a two digit code to chart permanent and primary dentitions. The first digit marks the quadrant 1-4 in the permanent and 5-8 in the primary. The second digit marks the tooth in each quadrant 1-8 in the permanent and 1-5 in the primary dentition. Interproximal Space - ANSThe area or space between the adjacent tooth surfaces. Labial Ridge - ANSA ridge running cervicoincissally in approximately the center of the labial surface of the cannines. Labial Surfaces - ANSMeaning lip; tooth surfaces closest to the lips. Another name for the facial surface of anterior teeth. Line Angle - ANSEach tooth can be divided by imaginary lines to designate specific crown areas; the junction of 2 surfaces create an imaginary line. The name is derived by combining terms such as mesial and labial together to form mesiolabial. There are 8 line angles per tooth. Lingual Surfaces - ANSThe surface of the maxillary and mandibular teeth; tooth surfaces closest to the tongue. Lobe - ANSIs one of the primary sections of formation in the development of the crown. Lower Arch - ANSMandibular arch Mamelon - ANSOne of three tubercles sometimes present on the incisal edge of an incisor tooth that has not been subjected to wear. Mandible - ANSThe lower jaw that holds the lower teeth in place. Marginal Ridge - ANSOn incisor and canine teeth, the ridges on the mesial and distal border of the lingual surface. On posterior teeth these ridges are on the mesial and distal borders of the occlusal surface. Mastication - ANSThe process of biting and grinding food in your mouth so it becomes soft enough to located in the back of the mouth Premolars - ANSPosterior teeth found only in the permanent dentition, they function to assist in grinding food during mastication; they have a broad occlusal surface and prominent cusps. Primary - ANSAKA: Deciduous dentition; Total of 20 teeth that includes: 8 incisors, 4 canines and 8 moloars. Proximal Surface - ANSSurfaces on the tooth between adjacent teeth. Side view of a tooth generally considered nonself-cleansing; either mesial or distal surfaces. Pulp - ANSSoft tissue of the tooth that furnishes the blood and nerve supply. Pulp Canal - ANSThe part of the pulp that is found in the root. Pulp Cavity or Pulp Chamber - ANSThe part of the pulp that is mainly in the crown. This is bounded by dentin. Pulp Chamber - ANSPart of the tooth containing the largest mass of pulp. Pulp Horns - ANSExtensions of coronal pulp into cusps of posterior teeth. Quadrants - ANSDivision of each dental arch into two parts with four quadrants in the oral cavity. Root - ANSPart of a tooth composed of a pulp cavity and dentin covered by cementum. Bulkier on the facial surface than on the lingual surface and tapers more dramatically on the lingual surface. Root Axis Line (RAL) - ANSAn imaginary line representing the long axis of a tooth, drawn in a way to bisect the root and crown in the cervical area. Root concavities - ANSSurfaces of the root having indentations commonly occuring on the proximal root surfaces of anterior and posterior teeth, and the buccal and lingual surfaces of molars. Flossing may be less effective in these areas. Succedaneous - ANSPermanent teeth with primary predecessors: the anterior teeth and the premolars. Sulcus - ANSA broad depressionor valley on the occlusal surfaces of posterior teeth, the inclines of which meet in a develpmental groove and extend to the cusp tips. Supplemental Grooves - ANSSmall, irregularly placed grooves, not at the juction of lobes or major portions of a tooth, found usually on occlusal surfaces. Surfaces - ANSThere are 5 surfaces identified by their orentation in the mouth are facial, lingual, masticatory, mesial and distal surfaces. Transverse Ridge - ANSA ridge crossing the occlusal surface in a buccolingual direction and made up of the triangular ridges of either the mesiolingual and mesiobuccal or of the distolingual and distobuccal cusps. Triangular Ridge - ANSOn the occlusal surface of posterior teeth, the ridge from any cusp tip to the center of the occlusal surface. All posterior tooth cusps have a triangular ridge except the mesiolingual cusp on maxillary molars, wihch has two triangular ridges. Trifurcation - ANSTooth having three root branches. Tubercle - ANSA small elevation caused by over-calcification of the enamel occurring on the marginal ridges of posterior teeth or on the cingulum of anterior teeth. Universal Tooth Designation System - ANSMost widely used system in the US for charting the primary dentition using the capital letters A_T and digits 1-32 for the permanent dentitions. it is adaptable to electronic data transfer Upper Arch - ANSMaxillary arch