Understanding Dental Hygiene: Roles, Techniques, and Ethics, Exams of Dentistry

Download Understanding Dental Hygiene: Roles, Techniques, and Ethics and more Exams Dentistry in PDF only on Docsity! Dental hygienist! :) Dental Hygiene defined - The study of oral health care utilizing preventative behaviors. Management of the behaviors in order to promote health and disease prevention. The preventative behaviors involve the process of Dental Hygiene card. - Assessment. Diagnosis. Treatment planning. Intervention. Evaluation. Registered dental hygienist defined - "One who is educated in the science of health and promotion of disease" said by dr. Alford Fones Who is Dr. Alfred Fones? - The father of Dental Hygiene Registered dental hygienist defined. Today's definition - Today's definition: A licensed professional, oral health educator and preventative healthcare provider who controls disease by way of preventative, educational, and therapeutic techniques. Historical evolution of the dental hygienist - 1. Fones concept. 2. Preventative dental auxiliary concept. 3. Periodontal coat therapist. Fines concept. - Promotion of the dental hygienist as one who promoted the educational and public health aspects of Dental Hygiene. Preventative dental auxiliary concept. - Promoted the dental hygienist as one who implemented and preform Dental Hygiene related duties. Periductal coat therapist. - Promoted the use of the dental hygienist as one who assesses, evaluate, and provides therapy relating to periodontal health. Techniques utilized to control and/or preevent oral disease. - Preventative. Secondary. Tertiary. Preventative. - Primary. to truly prevent disease semi, measures to prevent measures to keep disease from beginning. What's an example of preventative and primary care? - A fluoride treatment. Placing a sealant. Secondary. - Treatment of early disease to keep it from progressing. What's an example of secondary care? - Hey prophylaxis for the purpose of preventing the progression of gingivitis or periodontal disease. Tertiary. - Methods to replace lost issues and/or rehabilitate. What is an example of tertiary care? - An example would be the steps taken to rehabilitate the oral cavity back to normal. another example would be a replacement of a tooth or teeth restoring the function. Steps taken in Dental Hygiene process of care - Assessment. Diagnosis. Planning. Implementation. Evaluation. Assessment - A collection of data to determine patient problems and needs. Diagnosis - Determining patient problems and improvement interventions. A means of data processing to classify disease. Interpret what has been collected and verify the accuracy of the data. Planning - Setting priorities and formulating strategies for returning the patient to oral health. Implementation. - Carrying out the Dental Hygiene treatment care plan. Evaluation. - Determining the degree to which the patient has achieved oral health. Other processes utilized in the practice of Dental Hygiene. - Communication process. Leadership process. Research process. Characters of a true profession. - Strong service orientation. Work is predominately intellectual in character. In the recognized authority with social sanction. A professional organization that set standards and codes of ethics. Advance educational preparation. Autonomy and self-regulation.ongoing research efforts. Body of scientific knowledge. Rolls of the dental hygienist. - Clinician. Manager. Change agent. Consumer advocate. Educator. Researcher. Clinician - Utilizes the process of Dental Hygiene care. Manager - Guides or direct the work of others. Change agent. - Focuses on creating change. Consumer advocate. - Works to protect and support patients rights and well-being. Educator - Explains in reinforces oral health techniques. Researcher. - Remaining current in the science of Dental Hygiene. Guidelines for practice of Dental Hygiene. - Legal. Ethical. Personal. Legal. - Following the laws, rules and regulations set forth by individual states. Ethical. - Following the general standards of right and wrong; professional conduct. Personal. - Demonstrating traits expected of others. Personal demonstrating traits expected of others - General physical health. Staying healthy by the way of well-balanced diet. sleep. exercise. and immunizations. Personal demonstrating traits expected of others - Oral health. Maintaining a clean healthy and restored mouth. Personal demonstrating traits expected of others'. mental health. - Mental health. Displaying professional and emotional maturity. Ethics. - A sense of moral obligation. Principles that govern the conduct of a professional group. Beneficence - Doing good for a benefit. The quality of charity or kindness. Confidentiality. - The right to privacy. Protecting privileged information. Core value. - Basic values of a profession. Justice/fairness. - fair treatment. impartiality. Honorable. Competence for students - Learn when and how to refer. Fairness. - Demonstrating consistency and even handedness in dealings with others. Fairness for students. - Follow institutional rules and regulations. Promote equal access to learning materials for all students and equal access to care for the public. Integrity - I'm being honest and demonstrating congruence between one's values, words, and actions. Integrity for students. - Strive for personal excellence. Take examinations honestly. Make entries in the patient's records honestly. Responsibility. - Being accountable for one's actions and recognizing and acting upon the special obligations to others that one assumes in joining a profession Responsibility for students. - Meet commitments. Complete assignments on time. Make your learning in Dental Hygiene school a top priority acknowledge and correct errors. Report misconduct and practice in peer review. Respect. - Honoring the worth of others. Respect for students. - Develop a nuanced (undestanding slight variations) understanding of the rights and values of patients. Respect for students. - Protect patients from harm. Respect for students - Support patient autonomy. Respect for students - Be mindful of patients time and ensure timeliness in the continuity of patient care. Respect for students - Keep confidence. Except and embrace cultural diverse city. Except and embrace differences. Respect for students - Learn cross-cultural communication skills. Acknowledge and support the contributions of the peers and faculty. Service mindedness - Acting for the benefit of others particularly for the good of those the profession serve and approaching those served with compassion Service mindedness for the students. - Contribute to and support the learning means appears in the dental profession. Recognize and act on the primacy. Provide compassionate care. Support the values of the profession. Volunteer to work for the benefit of patients society, colleagues and the profession to improve oral health of the public. Code of professionalism - While a student and in my practice as a licensed until hygienist I will be professional. Respectful. Accountable. Confident. Truthful. Involved. Consistent. And ethical. Guide to professional conduct - Show integrity, compassion and concern for others. Develop and maintain a sensitive and understanding attitude. Exercise good judgment and communicate sound clinical advice. Search for the best evidence to guide professional practice. Be committed to continuous improvement and excellence in practice. Instrument identification - Recognition of instruments. Instrument parts. - Working and is composed of the blade and cutting edges. Three parts of cutting edges toe middle and heal. Shank three parts upper middle lower. Handle. Instrument grasp - Functions. Allows for tactile sensitivity! Control. Reduction of trauma. Reduction of operator fatigue. Types of instrument grasp - Modified pen. Palm. Fulcrum - Purpose - works as a pivot point; sense of balance. Allows for stability; patient comfort; instrument control. Assist in prevention of injury to operator and patient. Fulcrum placement. - As close as possible to working areas. Fulcrum variations. - Directions of activation/stroke - Vertical. Horizontal. Diagonal slash oblique. Circular. Normal directions of stroke vertical and diagonal slash oblique. - Creative directions of activation/stroke horizontal and circular Length of stroke - Sure in controlled. Factors influencing stroke selection - Size, con tour and positioning of the gingiva and/or tooth. Tooth surface where is room is being used. Depth of the sulcus or pocket. Size and shape of instrument. Activation/stroke tip - Go in at a 0° find what their open up your angle then continue to stroke always across the buckle and lingual and then we make channels you will eventually use oblique Visibility and accessibility - Seventh principle of instrumentation Visibility and accessibility definition - Ability to see and get to instrumentation area. Effects of adequate vision and accessibility. - Allows for thorough instrumentation. Allows for efficiency and effectiveness. Components of adequate vision and accessibility. - Good patient and operator positioning. Use of direct or indirect illumination. Adequate tissue retraction. Proper operating position - supine position. Areas three and four head away. Area five and six turn towards me. Gracey 1-2 - Anterior. Side one is away side two is toward. Gracie 13- 14 - Only used on a posterior tooth in a distal direction. Areas 3 - 4, areas 5 - 6 Gracie 15 - 16 - Area specific. Mesial direction of a posterior tooth More characteristics of jacquettes. - Used from distal wine angle to proximal surfaces only. Not used the buckle and lingual he jacket. Triangular face. Triangular back Sickle cell scaler. H 5 - 33 - H 5 is shepherds hook. Characteristics of jacquettes - A triangular face. A triangular back. They pointed toe. Parallel cutting edges equal mesial and distal edges on the same tooth. jacquettes H 6 - H 7 - Premolar to premolar anterior? Hoe - Hoe is only used supra gingival. Chisel - ... File - Is used to shave the roof surface Gracie 17 - 18 - Distal direction of posterior teeth Universal curettes - Can be used in the mesial and distal direction on the same tooth. Curettes are you subject of all. Universal curette - For moderate to heavy calculus Columbia 13 - 14 - Universal curette Barnhart 1 - 2 - Universal curette Fundamentals of supra and subs in Jewel scaling instrumentation. - ... Principles of instrumentation - Instrument identification. Instrument grasp. Fulcrum. Adaptation. Angulation. Activation. Visibility and accessibility. Test test test Gracie 9/10. - More pronounced shank Bend, used on maxillary and mandibular molar buccal and lingual surfaces. Gracie 11/12! - Slightly bent sink. Used on mesial services of maxillary and mandibular posterior teeth. Gracie 13/14! - Bent shank. Used on distal services of maxillary and mandibular teeth. Gracie 15/16! - Same bent shank as 13/14. Used on mesial surfaces of posterior teeth. Gracie 17/18! - Very pronounced Scaling - Process by which calculus and other acretions are removed from all tooth surfaces. Sob and/or supra gingerly Root planing - Is a process by which calculus and cementum are removed to produce a smooth, hard, clean surface. An extension of the scaling process not a separate step! Purpose of scaling and root planing - To reduce incidents of gingivitis. To control calculus deposit Tatian. Slow migration of junctional epithelium. Ensure a clean mouth. Calculus contributes to gingival inflammation due to - it's having a rough poor surface. Being permeable to toxic products. Acting as a reservoir for toxic products. Altered cementum is source of gingival irritation. Preparation for instrumentation - Reduce possibility of bacteremia. bacteremias are directly related to severity of periodontal condition. bacteremias percentage of incidents - Healthy gingiva - 21.6% incidence. Gingivitis - 29% incidence. Periodontist - 51.2% incidence What to do to prepare for instrumentation with someone who has bacteremia. - Premedicate the patient with antibiotics. Use antiseptic mouth rinse prior to scheduling. Use patient records, and radiographs. Procedure for scaling. - Use a systematic routine at all times which will allow for : A. - Minimizing length of procedure time. B. - Increasing thoroughness. C. - Increase in patient confidence. D. - Completion of a selected area only at either single or multiple appointments. Supragingival - Supragingival calculus: A. Is easier to remove than subject of all calculus. B. Less tenacious and less calcified then subject of all calculus. C. More accessible with easier adaptation and angulation as well as visibility and excess ability. Sub gingival calculus - A. Less accessible. B. Must rely solely on tactile sensitivity. C. Attachment is more tenacious. D. Calculus morphology is different. E. Roof surface top auger fee varies. F. Pocket depth varies. F. Bleeding. Instrumentation technique - Use modified and grass! Select proper instrumentation for the job! Insert at 0° angulation and explore to service to base of junctional epithelium. Open angle 245 to 90° angle. Apply lateral pressure with shank remaining parallel to the long axis of tooth. Stay within sulcus using a vertical or horizontal strokes and channeling the strokes. Proper/improper interproximal instrumentation anterior curette. - The terminal third of the blade is not adequately rotated toward the proximal surface (this shank looks like it's pointing at the back of the throat) Proper instrumentation of anterior curate - The terminal third of the blade is adequately rotated toward the proximal surfaces rotated a little bit towards the patients right in picture. Effects of scaling and root planing - Coincidental curated. Unintentional removal of circular epithelium. Healing occurs with complete regeneration within two weeks. Partial scaling may cause persistent inflammation or Paradont all abscess. pocket micro organisms change from anaerobic, gram-negative and motile to aerobic, gram-positive and non-motile.