Dental Hygiene Law and Ethics Study Guide (California) - Exam Questions & Answers, Exams of Media Laws and Ethics

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Dental Hygiene Law and Ethics study guide (California) part 1

exam questions & answers.

Oral Prophylaxis - Correct answer preventive and therapeutic procedures including bacterial debridement with complete removal of sub and supragingival calculus, soft deposits, plaque and stains. OBJECTIVE: maintain healthy hard and soft tissue Hygienists licensed before December 31, 2005 may perform all RDA functions. - Correct answer True All hygienists licensed on or after January 1, 2006 must apply for a RDA license separately in order to perform RDA functions. - Correct answer True The practice of dental hygiene includes: -dental hygiene assessment -development -planning -implementation of a dental hygiene care plan Also includes: -health education -counseling -health screenings - Correct answer True Dental hygiene practice does NOT include: - Correct answer -Diagnosis -Comprehensive treatment planning -Placing, condensing, carving or removal of permanent restorations -Surgery or cutting of hard or soft tissue -Prescribing medication -Administering local/general/oral or parenteral conscious sedation EXCEPT for the administration of N2O2 whether alone or in combination with each other A RDH is authorized to perform the following procedures under DIRECT supervision - Correct answer *Soft tissue curettage *Administration of local anesthesia *Administration of N2O2, whether alone or in combination with each other Courses of instruction for direct supervision duties added to the scope of practice of dental hygiene on or after July 1, 2009, shall be submitted b the committee for approval by the dental board. - Correct answer True Duties that an RDH is authorized to perform under GENERAL supervision - Correct answer -Preventive and therapeutic interventions including oral prophylaxis, scaling, and root planing

-taking impressions for bleach trays and application and activation of agents with nonlaser light curing devices -taking impressions for bleach trays and placements of in-office, tooth whitening devices Procedures a RDH may provide without supervision - Correct answer -educational services, oral health training programs, oral health screenings -refer any screened patients with possible oral abnormalities to a DDS for comprehensive tx, diagnosis, and tx plan -application of fluorides and pit and fissure sealants How many days after a licensee changes his or her address shall they notify the committee of the change? - Correct answer within 30 days A licensee who changes his or her legal name shall provide the committee with documentation of change within ________ days. - Correct answer 10 If not renewed, a license issued under the provisions, unless specifically excepted expires at ___________________ on the ___________ day of the month of the legal birth date of the licensee during the ______________ year of a two-year term. - Correct answer 12 midnight, last, second A licensee may have his or her license revoked or suspended, or may be reprimanded or placed on probation by the committee for __________________________, incompetence, ___________________________, repeated acts of negligence in his or her profession, receiving a license by mistake, or for any other cause applicable to the licentiate provided. - Correct answer unprofessional conduct, gross negligence A licensee may have his or her license revoked or suspended, or may be reprimanded or placed on probation by the ___________________, for conviction of a crime substantially related to the licensee's qualifications, functions or duties. - Correct answer committee The record of conviction or a copy certified by the ___________ of the court or by the judge whose court the conviction occurred shall be conclusive evidence of ______________. - Correct answer clerk, conviction A plea or verdict of guilty or a conviction following a plea of ___________________ made to charge of a felony or any misdemeanor substantially related to the licensee's qualifications, functions, or duties deemed to be a conviction within the meaning of this section. - Correct answer nolo contendere The committee may reprimand a licensee or order a license suspended or revoked, or placed on probation or may decline to issue a license, when any of the following occur: - Correct answer 1. The time for appeal has elapsed

2. The judgment of conviction has been affirmed on appeal

the least effective disinfection process, kills some bacteria, some viruses and fungi, but does not kill bacterial spores or mycobacterium tuberculosis var bovis - Correct answer Low-level disinfection kills mycobacterium tuberculosis var bovis indicating that many human pathogens are also killed. Does not necessarily kill spores - Correct answer Intermediate level disinfection kills some, but not necessarily all bacterial spores. Kills mycobacterium tuberculosis var bovis, bacteria, fungi and viruses - Correct answer High level disinfection a chemical agent that can be used to disinfect items and surfaces based on the level of contamination - Correct answer Germicide a validated process used to render a product free of all forms of viable microorganisms - Correct answer Sterilization the removal of visible soil debris and OPIM from objects and surfaces and shall be accomplished manually or mechanically using water with detergents or enzymatic products - Correct answer Cleaning specialized clothing or equipment worn or used for protection against hazard - Correct answer PPE's OPIM - Correct answer Other Potentially Infectious Materials Human body fluids such as saliva in dental procedures and any body fluid that is visibly contaminated with blood, and all body fluids in situations where it is difficult or impossible to differentiate between body fluids - Correct answer OPIM any unfixed tissue or organ (other than intact skin) from a human (living or dead) - Correct answer OPIM Any of the following, if known or reasonably likely to contain or be infected with HIV, HBV, or HCV: - Correct answer 1. cell, tissue, or organ cultures from humans or experimental animals

2. blood, organs, or other tissues from experimental animals
3. culture medium or other solutions DHCP - Correct answer Dental Healthcare Personnel paid and non-paid personnel in the dental healthcare setting who might be occupationally exposed to infectious material - Correct answer DHCP Cal/OSHA - Correct answer California Division of Occupational Safety and Health

Standard precautions shall be practiced in the care of all patients - Correct answer True Chemical resistant utility gloves and appropriate, task specific PPE shall be worn when handling _________________ chemicals. - Correct answer hazardous chin length plastic face shield or protective eyewear whenever there is potential for aerosol spray, splashing or spattering of the following: - Correct answer droplet nuclei blood chemical or germicidal agents OPIM when should masks be changed and disposed? - Correct answer after each patient treatment After each patient treatment, _________________ and ___________________ shall be cleaned, disinfected, or disposed - Correct answer face shields, protective eyewear All DHCP shall perform hand hygiene procedures ______________ donning gloves and __________ removing and discarding gloves - Correct answer before, after Medical exam gloves shall be worn whenever there is contact with ______________ membranes, _____________, OPIM, and during _____ clinical, _____ clinical, clinical, and laboratory procedures. - Correct answer mucous, blood, pre, post DHCP shall wear ____________________ gloves to prevent puncture wounds. - Correct answer heavy duty utility Gloves shall __________ be washed before or after use - Correct answer not Needles shall be recapped only by using the _________ technique or a ______________ device. - Correct answer scoop, protective Needles shall not be __________ or ____________ for the purpose of disposal. - Correct answer bent, broken All germicides must be used in accordance with intended use and label instructions - Correct answer true Cleaning must __________ any disinfection or sterilization process. - Correct answer precede Critical instruments, items and devices shall be _____________ or pre-cleaned, packaged or _______________ and ______________ after each use. - Correct answer discarded, wrapped, sterilized Methods of sterilization include: - Correct answer steam under pressure (autoclaving)

Sterile coolants/irrigants shall be used for surgical procedures involving ____________ tissue or __________. - Correct answer soft, bone Sterile coolants/irrigants must be delivered using a ____________ delivery system. - Correct answer sterile _________________ barriers shall be changed when visibly ____________ or damaged and ______________ patients. - Correct answer Disposable, soiled, between Clean and disinfect all clinical contact surfaces that are not protected by impervious barriers using a Cal/EPA registered, hospital grade ___________ to ______________ level germicide after each patient. - Correct answer low, intermediate Low level disinfectants used shall be labeled effective against _____ and ______. - Correct answer HBV, HIV Clean all housekeeping surfaces (e.g. floors, walls, sinks) with a _______________ and ____________ or a Cal/EPA registered _____________ grade disinfectant. - Correct answer detergent, water, hospital Dental unit water lines shall be anti-retractive. - Correct answer True At the beginning of each workday, dental unit lines and devices shall be purged with air or flushed with water for at least ___________ minutes prior to attaching handpieces, scalers, air water syringe tips, or other devices. - Correct answer 2 Dental unit lines and devices shall be flushed between each patient for a minimum of __________ seconds. - Correct answer 20 __________ shields and equipment _______ shall be used on dental laboratory lathes.

• Correct answer Splash, guards Fresh pumice and a sterilized or new rag-wheel shall be used for each patient. - Correct answer True Devices used to polish, trim, or adjust contaminated intraoral devices shall be __________________ or ___________________, properly packaged or wrapped and labeled with the date and the specific sterilizer if more than one in the facility. - Correct answer disinfected, sterilized If packaging is compromised, the instruments shall be recleaned, packaged in new wrap, and sterilized again. - Correct answer True All intraoral items such as impressions, bite registration, prosthetic and orthodontic appliances shall be cleaned and disinfected with an ___________ disinfectant before

manipulation in the laboratory and placement in the patients mouth. - Correct answer intermediate Items shall be thoroughly rinsed before placement in the patient's mouth. - Correct answer True The Dental Board of California and DHCC shall review the lab area regulation _______________ and establish a consensus. - Correct answer annually How many units are required for continuing education in infection control, California Dental practice Act and Basic life Support? - Correct answer 2 units of Infection Control 2 units of California Dental Practice Act 4 units of Basic Life Support Mandatory continuing education unit's count toward the total units required renewing a license or permit, however failure to complete the mandatory courses will result in ________________ of a license or permit - Correct answer non-renewal All licensees shall accumulate the continuing education units indicated during the ____________ license or permit renewal period assigned by the Board on each license or permit. - Correct answer biennial How many continuing education units are required for RDH's to renew their license? - Correct answer 25 units How many continuing education unit are required for Dentist's to renew their license? - Correct answer 50 units How many continuing education units are required for RDHAP's to renew their license?

• Correct answer 35 units Each dentist licensee who holds a general anesthesia permit shall complete, as a condition of permit renewal, continuing education requirements at least once every 2 years, and either (1) advanced cardiac life support course approved by the AHA which includes an exam on the course or (2) any other advanced cardiac life support course identical in all respects. PROBABLY DON'T NEED TO KNOW THIS FOR EXAM - Correct answer True Each dentist licensee who holds a conscious sedation permit shall complete at least once every 2 years a minimum of ______ total units of coursework related to the administration of conscious sedation and to medical emergencies. PROBABLY DONT NEED TO KNOW - Correct answer 15 Each dentist licensee who holds an oral conscious sedation permit for MINORS, as a condition permit renewal, shall complete at least once every 2 years a minimum of

Alcohol or drug abuse or both is not in and of itself a sufficient basis for reporting ___________________ or _______________. - Correct answer child abuse, neglect Volunteers of public or private organizations whose duties require direct contact with and supervision of children are _________ mandated reporters but are encouraged to obtain training in the identification and reporting of child abuse and neglect and are further encouraged to ____________ known or suspected instances of child abuse or neglect to an agency. - Correct answer not, report Unless otherwise specifically provided, the absence of training shall not excuse a ____________ from their duties. - Correct answer mandated reporter A mandated reporter shall make the initial report to the agency __________________ or as soon as practically possible by phone and shall prepare and send a fax or electronically transmit a written follow up report therof within ______ hours of receiving the information concerning the incident. - Correct answer immediately, 36 The mandated reporter may include with the report any ___________________ documentary evidence the mandated reporter possesses relating to the incident. - Correct answer non-privileged Reasonable suspicion means: - Correct answer it is objectively reasonable for a person to entertain a suspicion, based upon facts that could cause a reasonable person in a like position, drawing, when appropriate, on his or her training and experience to suspect child abuse or neglect. Reasonable suspicion does not require ______________ that child abuse or neglect has occurred nor does it require a specific _____________ indication of child abuse or neglect - Correct answer certainty, medical Any reasonable suspicion is ______________. - Correct answer sufficient The _______________ of a minor does not , in and of itself, constitute a basis for reasonable suspicion of sexual abuse. - Correct answer pregnancy The agency shall be notified and a report shall be prepared and sent, faxed, or electronically transmitted even if the child has ____________, regardless of whether or not the possible abuse was a factor contributing to the death, and even if suspected child abuse was discovered during an autopsy. - Correct answer expired A mandated reporter who files a one time automated written report because he or she was unable to submit an initial report by telephone is ______ required to submit a ___________ followup report - Correct answer not, written If after reasonable efforts a mandated reporter is unable to submit an initial report by phone, he/she shall ____________________ or as soon as practically possible, by fax

or electronic transmission, make a ______________ automated written report on the form prescribed by the Department of Justice, and shall also be available to respond to a telephone ____________ call by the agency with which he or she filed the report. - Correct answer immediately, one-time, follow-up Any mandated reporter who fails to report an incident of known or reasonably suspected child abuse or neglect as required is guilty of a misdemeanor punishable by up to ______ months confinement in a county jail or by a fine of $________ or by both that imprisonment and fine. - Correct answer 6, 1000 If a mandated reporter intentionally conceals his/her failure to report an incident known by the mandated reporter to be abuse or severe neglect is a continuing offense until an agency specified discovers the offense. - Correct answer true Penitential communication - Correct answer a communication intended to be in confidence, including but not limited to a sacramental confession made to a clergy member who has a duty to keep those communications secret. sexual conduct means: - Correct answer sexual intercourse penetration by any object masturbation sadomasochistic exhibition of private areas When two or more persons, who are required to report, jointly have knowledge of a known or suspected instance of child abuse or neglect, and when there is agreement among them, the telephone report may be made by a member of the team selected by mutual agreement and a _________ report may be made and signed by the selected member of the reporting team. - Correct answer single Law enforcement agencies shall also send a fax or electronically transmit a written report thereof within 36 hours of receiving information concerning the incident to any agency to which it makes the telephone report - Correct answer True Any person who has assumed full or intermittent responsibility for the care or custody of an elder or dependent adult, whether or not he or she receives compensation is a __________________ _________________. - Correct answer mandated reporter Elder abuse includes but is not limited to: - Correct answer abandonment abduction isolation financial abuse neglect physical abuse

2. The mandated reporter is not aware of any independent evidence that corroborates the statement that the abuse has occurred.
3. The elder adult has been diagnosed with a mental illness or dementia
4. The mandated reporter does not believe that the abuse occurred In a long term care facility, a mandated reporter shall NOT be required to report a suspected incident of abuse if all of the following exist: - Correct answer 1. The mandated reporter is aware that there is a proper plan of care
5. the mandated reporter is aware that the plan of care was properly provided or executed
6. A physical, mental, or medical injury occurred as a result of care provided in 1 and 2 (above).
7. The mandated reporter reasonably believes that the injury was not the result of abuse. A telephone report or internet report of a known or suspected instance of elder abuse shall include if known: - Correct answer *name of the person making report *name and age of the elder adult *present location of the elder adult *names and addresses of adults responsible for the elders care *the nature of the elders condition *the date of the incident *any other pertinent information Whenever a county adult protective services agency report to a law enforcement agency, the law enforcement agency shall immediately upon request provide a copy of its investigative report concerning the matter to that county adult protective services agency and vice versa - Correct answer true The requirement to disclose investigative reports pursuant to this subdivision shall not include the disclosure of social services record or case files that are confidential, nor shall this subdivision be construed to allow disclosure of any reports or records if the disclosure would be prohibited by any other provision of state or federal law - Correct answer true Failure to report, or impeding or inhibiting a report of any type of elder abuse is a ____________________, punishable by not more than ________ months in the county jail, by a fine of not more than $_____________, or by both fine and imprisonment. - Correct answer misdemeanor, 6, 1000 Any mandated reporter who willfully fails to report elder abuse where the abuse results in death or great bodily injury, shall be punished by not more than ______ year in a county jail, by fine of not more than $______________, or by both fine and imprisonment. - Correct answer 1, 5000

For unprofessional conduct, the committee may discipline a licensee by placing them on probation under various terms and conditions that may include, but not limited to: - Correct answer 1. Requiring the licensee to obtain additional training to pass an exam upon completion of training or both.

2. Requiring the licensee to submit to a complete diagnostic exam by one or more physicians.
3. Restricting or limiting the extent, scope, or type of practice of the licensee
4. Requiring restitution of fees to the licensee's patients or payers of service unless already made
5. Providing the option of alternative community service in lieu of all or part of a period of suspension It is unprofessional conduct for a person licensed to do any of the following: - Correct answer 1. Violate the law
6. Use controlled substances that impairs the licensee ability to conduct safe practice
7. Be convicted of more than one misdemeanor or any felony involving drugs or alcohol The committee may order the license suspended or revoked, or may decline to issue a license, when the time for appeal has elapsed or the judgement of conviction has been affirmed on appeal, or when an order granting probation is made suspending imposition of sentence. - Correct answer true A RDH, RDHAP, or RDHEF who performs services on a patient in a dental office shall identify him/herself in the patient record by signing his/her name or ID number and initials next to the service performed. If repeated violation of this occurs it is considered:

• Correct answer unprofessional conduct It is ___________________ ______________ for a person licensed to perform professional services beyond the scope of his/her license and field of competence, as established by his/her education, experience and training. This includes, but is not limited to using an instrument or device in a manner that is not in accordance with the customary standards and practices of the dental hygiene profession. - Correct answer unprofessional conduct To discourage necessary treatment, permit excessive incompetent, unnecessary, or grossly negligent treatment or repeated negligent acts as determined by the standard of practice in the community is considered: - Correct answer unprofessional conduct A person, company, or association is guilty of a misdemeanor and upon conviction shall be punished by imprisonment in a county jail not less than _________ days and nor more than ______ year, or by a fine of not less than $______ nor more than $____________, or by both fine and imprisonment. - Correct answer 10, 1, 100, 1500 The afore mentioned will occur if convicted of any of the following under unprofessional conduct: - Correct answer 1. Assumes the title RDH, RDHAP, RDHEF to his or her name without having a license

Neither acceptance nor participation in the diversion program shall preclude the committee from investigating or taking disciplinary action against licensee for any unprofessional conduct committed before, during, or after participation in the diversion program - Correct answer true All licensees shall SIGN an agreement of understanding that the withdrawal or termination from the diversion program at a time when a diversion evaluation committee determines the licensee presents a threat to the public's health and safety shall result in the utilization by the committee of diversion treatment records in disciplinary or criminal proceedings. - Correct answer true Any licensee terminated from the diversion program for failure to comply with the program requirements is subject to disciplinary action by the committee for acts committed before, during, and after participation in the diversion program. A licensee who has been under investigation by the committee and has been terminated from the diversion program by a diversion evaluation committee shall be reported by the diversion evaluation committee to the committee. - Correct answer true Each licensee who requests participation in a diversion program shall agree to cooperate with the treatment program designed by a diversion evaluation committee and to bear all costs related to the program, unless the cost is waived by the committee. Any failure to comply with the provisions of a treatment program may result in termination of the licensee's participation in a program. *NEED TO KNOW - Correct answer true To do good, promoting good of another. - Correct answer Beneficence Taking all appropriate action to restore it to good health, assist clients to achieve and maintain optimal oral health and overall well being, promote fair and reasonable access to quality oral health services as an integral part of the healthcare system - Correct answer Beneficence Communicating relevant information openly and truthfully, dental hygienists assist clients to make informed choices and to participate actively in achieving and maintaining their optimal health. - Correct answer Autonomy Self determination in a person, right to participate in and decide on course of action without influence - Correct answer Autonomy Rights and privacy and ability to choose - Correct answer Autonomy Fairness and allocation of what people earn or deserve - Correct answer Justice DH must give all parameters of service as well as consequences of each service - Correct answer Autonomy

Principle of equality for all - Correct answer Justice DH can NOT provide services requested if service conflicts with standards of pt. care - Correct answer Autonomy Truth telling, honesty. bases of trust between DH and pt. - Correct answer Veracity Duty to avoid harming the patient "do no harm" - Correct answer Non Maleficence 1st obligation to the patient. Protect from harm - Correct answer Non Maleficence Providing information to and ensuring the understanding of a patient regarding treatment risks, tx options, and the nature of the disease or problem - Correct answer Informed Consent DH needs to keep skills current, know ones limitations, when to refer to pt, keeping up to date with the standards of care. - Correct answer Non Maleficence Provide patient with all relevant information needed to make a decision based on given info - Correct answer Informed consent That which is entrusted to hold in secret info shared by a pt is kept in confidence by DH confidentiality is the duty to hold secret any information acquired in the professional relationship - Correct answer Confidentiality Process of understanding and assessing info to make a decision, make sure pt. comprehends tx - Correct answer Informed Consent DH's respect a client's privacy and hold in confidence info disclosed to them except in certain narrowly defined exceptions*** - Correct answer Confidentiality Commitment to upholding code of ethics and standard of care - Correct answer Integrity Confidentiality - Correct answer *NO spouses, family or friends *YES to other health care providers with pt. consent *YES to discuss in educational setting or second option is sought by privacy of pt. should be kept Taking responsibility for one's actions and omissions in light of relevant principles, standards, laws, and regulations. - Correct answer Accountability The potential to self evaluate and be evaluated, it involves practicing competently and accepting responsibility for behaviors and decisions in the professional context - Correct answer Accountability

Could you give me an example of integrity? - Correct answer Behave with honor and decency. Ex: IF a dentist is asked to postdate an insurance claim-that is against the law Patient does not want to do the tx or the x-rays, and the DH explained the benefits of the tx - Correct answer Autonomy/Informed Consent If a DH repeatedly forgets to put her initial at the bottom of her notes - Correct answer Unprofessional conduct Code of ethics - Correct answer build public trust and maintain high ethical standards for the benefit of all The CDA code of ethics in general pertains to: - Correct answer 1. service to the public

2. conduct in a dental office and between dental practitioners and
3. how dental practices and services are promoted When a dentist refrains from harming the patient by referring to those with specialized expertise when the dentist's own skills are insufficient - Correct answer Beneficence Requires caring and the ability to identify with the patient's overall well being. - Correct answer Compassion Acts of kindness and a sympathetic ear for the patient are all qualities of a caring, compassionate dentist - Correct answer Compassion The competent dentist is able to diagnose and treat the patient's oral health needs and to refer when it is in the patient's best interest. - Correct answer Competence continual self-assessment about the outcome of patient care and involves a commitment to lifelong learning. - Correct answer Competence commits the dentist to upholding the professions' Codes of Ethics to safeguarding, influencing and promoting the highest professional standards - Correct answer Integrity The dentist who practices with a sense of INTEGRITY affirms the core values and recognizes when words, actions or intentions are in conflict with one's values and conscience - Correct answer true To behave with honor and decency - Correct answer integrity Become familiar with signs of neglect, abuse, and report suspicious cases - Correct answer Beneficence