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Dog Training Concepts and Techniques, Exams of Nursing

A wide range of dog training concepts and techniques, including reinforcement, punishment, aggression, behavior modification, and training best practices. It addresses topics such as the use of collars and harnesses, managing outdoor training environments, and the challenges of indoor training facilities. The document also discusses various dog behaviors and conditions, such as pulling on the leash, barking, coprophagia, and fear-based aggression. Additionally, it covers principles of operant conditioning, the humane hierarchy, and requirements for the certified professional dog trainer (cpdt-ka) certification. This comprehensive resource would be valuable for students, trainers, and professionals interested in understanding the science and practical application of effective dog training methods.

Typology: Exams

2024/2025

Available from 09/27/2024

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Download Dog Training Concepts and Techniques and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! CPDT-KA Study Questions A dog is likely to remain fearful of people if he does not get used to them by what age: a) 3 weeks b) 1 year c) 6 months d) 14 weeks - Answer -d) 14 weeks A dog who is leaning back and putting most of his weight on his hind legs is probably feeling: a) aggressive b) anxious c) playful d) angry - Answer -b) anxious Which breed is most susceptible to heat stroke: a) French Bulldog b) German Shepherd c) Springer Spaniel d) Schnauzer - Answer -a) French Bulldog Whenever King, a German Shepherd, walks past Poco the Chihuahua's house, Poco barks and barks until King is out of sight. Why does Poco keep barking: a) R+ b) R- c) P+ d) P- - Answer -b) R- Making a kissing noise to get a dog to come to you is called: a) targeting b) shaping c) prompting d) capturing - Answer -c) prompting Dogs who are aggressive toward other dogs have: a) predatory aggression b) intraspecific aggression c) territorial aggression d) possessive aggression - Answer -b) intraspecific aggression Something the learner will work to avoid is considered a: a) reinforcer b) prong collar c) secondary reinforcer d) punisher - Answer -d) punisher Meg's trainer has told her to give her dog a gentle tug on his choke chain whenever he starts to pull on the leash. This is: c) P+ d) P- - Answer -d) P- In a class setting, you ideally want at least how many feet between dogs: a) 2 feet b) 4 feet c) 6 feet d) whatever you can manage - Answer -c) 6 feet When you notice a piece of old chicken lying near a trashcan on your daily walk, you quickly cover it with your foot before your dog lunges for it. This is: a) extinction b) luring c) body blocking d) positive punishment - Answer -c) body blocking You're about to take a photo of your dog and she licks her lips. She is most likely feeling: a) hungry b) nervous c) bored d) thirsty - Answer -b) nervous Meredith has been working with Patches on her dog reactivity. Whenever Patches sees another dog, Meredith says, "Look at me" and when Patches looks, Meredith gives her a treat. This is: a) R+ b) R- c) P- d) management - Answer -a) R+ Meredith has been working with Patches on her dog reactivity. Whenever Patches sees another dog, Meredith puts greater distance between Patches and the other dog. This is: a) counter-conditioning b) extinction c) desensitization d) territoriality - Answer -c) desensitization Meredith has been working with Patches on her dog reactivity. Whenever Patches sees another dog, Meredith rapidly feeds Patches treats until the other dog is out of sight. This is: a) R+ b) desensitization c) R- d) counter-conditioning - Answer -d) counter-conditioning A client in your group class is constantly contradicting what you are telling the class in a very loud voice. You should say: a) "I need you to be quiet when I'm speaking." b) "No one paid money to hear you talk." c) "I'd love to hear your ideas. Let's discuss them after class." d) "These are all great points. Let's do it your way. - Answer -c) "I'd love to hear your ideas. Let's discuss them after class." This highly contagious skin condition is very itchy: a) Sarcoptic mange b) Demodectic mange c) Coccidia d) Giardia - Answer -a) Sarcoptic mange When Belyaev bred tame and less fearful foxes, they also developed: a) aggressive behavior b) need for counterconditioning c) floppy ears and affiliative behavior d) resource guarding - Answer -c) floppy ears and affiliative behavior Agonistic behaviors are used in all the following except: a) avoidance b) food acquisition c) appeasement d) submission - Answer -b) food acquisition According to the Humane Hierarchy, negative punishment should be used: a) before positive reinforcement b) after positive punishment c) before environmental management d) after positive reinforcement - Answer -d) after positive reinforcement Correcting a dog by telling him "no," is an example of: a) R+ b) R- c) P+ d) P- - Answer -c) P+ While Max was chewing his Kong, he growled at Fluffy who sat nearby. Sue came over and took the Kong away from Max. This is: a) R+ b) R- c) P+ d) P- - Answer -d) P- a) Thorndike Principle b) Law of Parsimony c) Premack Principle d) Differential reinforcement - Answer -c) Premack Principle Spot barks every time two-year-old Emily pedals around the house in her little car, and he won't stop until Emily's mother finally puts the car away. He keeps barking because: a) R+ b) R- c) P+ d) P- - Answer -b) R- In learning theory, the removal of something is considered: a) reinforcement b) punishment c) positive d) negative - Answer -d) negative A dog with a stiff tail and closed mouth is probably: a) anxious b) relaxed c) sleepy d) arthritic - Answer -a) anxious Molly trained Daisy to sit by pressing on the dog's hind end. This is: a) modeling b) targeting c) luring d) shaping - Answer -a) modeling Dogs who tend to display aggression toward people have: a) Generalized aggression b) Interspecific aggression c) Predatory aggression d) Intraspecific aggression - Answer -b) Interspecific aggression Jason was told to stop playing tug-of-war with Dexter and his rope toy whenever the dog gets overly excited and bites Jason's hands. This is: a) R+ b) R- c) P+ d) P- - Answer -d) P- You instruct your class to say "sit," followed by a click when the dog performs the behavior and then give the dog a treat. The treat is: a) primary reinforcer b) punisher c) secondary reinforcer d) tertiary reinforcer - Answer -a) primary reinforcer You instruct your class to say "sit," followed by a click You instruct your class to say "sit," followed by a click when the dog performs the behavior and then give the dog a treat. The click is: a) primary reinforcer b) punisher c) secondary reinforcer d) tertiary reinforcer - Answer -c) secondary reinforcer You instruct your class to say "sit," followed by a click when the dog performs the behavior and then give the dog a treat. The verbal cue is: a) primary reinforcer b) punisher c) secondary reinforcer d) tertiary reinforcer - Answer -d) tertiary reinforcer Saying a dog "looks guilty," is an example of: a) anthropomorphism b) counterconditioning c) self-fulfilling prophecy d) classical conditioning - Answer -a) anthropomorphism A client plans to board their dog out of facility you don't like. When they ask you what you think of the place, you should say: a) I'm not allowed to share my personal opinion b) I'd never board MY dog there c) Check it out and see what you think d) A boarding facility I do like is ... - Answer -d) A boarding facility I do like is ... Whenever John comes home from work, his large goldendoodle jumps all over him. John's friend told him to knee the dog in the chest when this happens, but the doodle keeps jumping. John is trying to use: a) R+ b) R- c) P+ d) P- - Answer -c) P+ 4. Whenever John comes home from work, his large goldendoodle jumps all over him. John's friend told him to knee the dog in the chest when this happens, but the doodle keeps jumping. The dog perceives this as: a) R+ b) R- a) R+ b) R- c) P+ d) P- - Answer -d) P- Whenever Jill uses her blender, Clifford barks hysterically until she turns it off. Jill's trainer has told her to spray Clifford in the face with water whenever he barks at the blender. This is: a) R+ b) R- c) P+ d) P- - Answer -c) P+ Whenever Jill uses her blender, Clifford barks hysterically until she turns it off. He barks each time because of: a) R+ b) R- c) P+ d) P- - Answer -b) R- A student in your group class has a very excitable dog who will not focus on her because he's too busy barking at the other dogs. You can see the student is becoming frustrated that she can't practice any of the skills you're demonstrating. You should: a) ask her to leave the class because her dog is too distracting b) ignore the barking and carry on with the class c) try having the student move a distance away from the rest of the class behind a physical barrier d) suggest she see a behaviorist since the dog is clearly reactive - Answer -c) try having the student move a distance away from the rest of the class behind a physical barrier Keeping a puppy gated in the kitchen until she's housetrained is an example of: a) blocking b) deprivation c) extinction d) Premack - Answer -b) deprivation The CCPDT position statement regarding electronic collars says: a) they can only be applied to a dog's neck b) you cannot apply more than two electronic stimulations to a dog at the same time c) they should be used before P- d) they can be used at the client's request - Answer -a) they can only be applied to a dog's neck When fitting a flat collar onto a dog, there should be: a) no room between the collar and the dog's neck b) room enough between the collar and the dog's neck for your fist c) whatever room is comfortable for the dog d) enough room between the collar and the neck to fit two fingers - Answer -d) enough room between the collar and the neck to fit two fingers An advantage to clipping the leash on the front of a dog's harness is: a) it doesn't engage his opposition reflex b) it offers a better fit c) it prevents him from slipping out of the harness d) it restricts the dog's movement - Answer -a) it doesn't engage his opposition reflex A client tells you her friend who is "great with dogs" recommended a prong collar to prevent the dog from pulling. You should say: a) Let's put it on your neck and see if you like how it feels. b) You're paying me to help train your dog— not your friend. c) Let me show you some other ways of preventing your dog from pulling. d) If that's what you want to use, we will use it. - Answer -c) Let me show you some other ways of preventing your dog from pulling. Dogs became genetically separate from gray wolves about how many years ago: a) 10,000 b) 33,000 c) 75,000 d) 130,000 - Answer -b) 33,000 Dogs can get these rice-shaped parasites after ingesting infected fleas: a) tapeworm b) roundworm c) hookworm d) whipworm - Answer -a) tapeworm To prevent her puppy from chewing on her guests' feet when they enter her house, Kristen keeps the puppy leashed and clips it to her waist. This is: a) environmental antecedent b) management c) P+ d) primary socialization - Answer -b) management A student in your group class has a very excitable dog who will not focus on her because he's too busy barking at the other dogs. You can see the student is becoming frustrated that she can't practice any of the skills you're demonstrating. You should: a) ask her to leave the class because her dog is too distracting b) ignore the barking and carry on with the class c) try having the student move a distance away from the rest of the class behind a physical barrier d) suggest she see a behaviorist since the dog is clearly reactive - Answer -c) try having the student move a distance away from the rest of the class behind a physical barrier Keeping a puppy gated in the kitchen until she's housetrained is an example of: b) fixed interval c) variable interval d) variable ratio - Answer -a) continuous To stop his dog from barking, Bill uses an electronic collar. This is: a) R+ b) R- c) P+ d) P- - Answer -c) P+ Whenever her dog barks at people passing by on the sidewalk, Zoe waits until the barking has stopped and then gives her dog a treat. This is a) R+ b) R- c) P+ d) P- - Answer -a) R+ When Chloe was just a puppy, she was in her fenced yard when the trash men came. They threw an empty trashcan onto the sidewalk near the fence, and the loud noise scared Chloe. Now she runs toward the house whenever the trash men come. This is: a) classical conditioning b) P+ c) unconditioned response d) R- - Answer -a) classical conditioning Dogs who may not benefit from a head collar include: a) labradoodles b) Staffordshire terriers c) Golden retrievers d) boxers - Answer -d) boxers All of the following are true about indoor training facilities except: a) it may have a slippery floor b) Space between dogs may be limited c) weather can interfere with year-round training d) it may be expensive - Answer -c) weather can interfere with year-round training A client tells you each week she didn't have time to practice training her dog, and then she complains each class that her dog hasn't learned anything. You should say: a) How do you expect him to learn if you don't practice? b) Don't worry, it happens to all of us. c) Your dog will learn just by attending class. d) Why don't you try practicing your training when it's his meal time? - Answer -d) Why don't you try practicing your training when it's his meal time? While using Zeke as a demo dog for "down stay," the dog becomes distracted and tries to bolt. You should say a) No, Zeke! Look at me! Come back here! b) Clearly this dog hasn't been practicing." c) This is why we need to practice around distractions. Come, Zeke!" d) Is there another dog I can use to demonstrate? - Answer -c) This is why we need to practice around distractions. Come, Zeke!" A reward is: a) a treat b) whatever the dog will work for c) positive reinforcement d) behavior modification - Answer -b) whatever the dog will work for An invisible fence is an example of a conditioned: a) positive punisher b) negative punisher c) positive reinforcer d) negative reinforcer - Answer -a) positive punisher Your most valuable tool for communicating effectively with clients is: a) keeping it light b) not using scientific terms c) offering lots of encouragement d) listening - Answer -d) listening Zorro hates his coat. When Jess puts it on him, he freezes and won't walk until she takes it off. This is: a) R+ b) R- c) P+ d) P- - Answer -b) R- In a puppy's development, the transition period is when: a) The first fear imprint period occurs b) they are still unable to regulate their body temperature c) sexual behaviors can develop d) The eyes and ears begin to open - Answer -d) The eyes and ears begin to open Your dog comes into the kitchen when he hears you open the refrigerator door. This is an example of: a) Premack principle b) unconditioned response c) classical conditioning d) neutral stimulus - Answer -c) classical conditioning b) calming cap c) Head alter d) counterconditioning/desensitization - Answer -d) counterconditioning/desensitization LIMA stands for: a) lowest indicator, most animals b) least intrusive, minimally aversive c) less intervention, minimal abuse d) learning intuitively, making adjustments - Answer -b) least intrusive, minimally aversive On the first day of your group class, a client tells you all she cares about is training her dog not to pull on walks. She says she's not interested in the rest of the curriculum. You should say a) Then why did you sign up for this class? b) Tell me all about what your dog does on walks c) You will learn tools here to help you with that and much more d) Let's switch you out of here and into a private class - Answer -c) You will learn tools here to help you with that and much more Mitzi sits by the sliding glass doors that look out onto the deck all day long and barks hysterically when a squirrel jumps onto the deck. She only stops barking when the squirrel runs off to jump on something else. This is: a) R+ b) R- c) P+ d) P- - Answer -b) R- All the following are problematic maternal behaviors except: a) not removing the fetal membrane b) disciplining pups for playing too rough c) ignoring the pups d) insufficient nursing - Answer -b) disciplining pups for playing too rough A dog coming when you call his name is an example of: a) food acquisition sequence b) instinctive drift c) phylogenetic behavior d) ontogenetic behavior - Answer -d) ontogenetic behavior The limbic system is involved with: a) emotions b) cognitive functions c) dominance d) Communication skills - Answer -a) emotions A dog pulling harder when a leash is clipped to the back of his harness is an example of: a) agonistic behavior b) stubbornness c) opposition reflex d) counterconditioning - Answer -c) opposition reflex If you notice a dog is drooling and has sweaty paws, it is likely he feels: a) tired b) hungry c) playful d) stressed - Answer -d) stressed A dog trying to smooth over perceived tensions may engage in: a) Direct eye contact b) limp tail c) yawning and tongue flicking d) rigid front legs - Answer -c) yawning and tongue flicking According to Dr. Ian Dunbar's bite evaluation scale, an example of a level one bite is: a) air snap b) bite leaving a slight bruise c) puncture wound d) growl - Answer -a) air snap Liz is trying to work in her office and her dog is trying to get her to play by chewing on Liz's feet and nudging her arm. Liz finally leads the dog out of her office and closes the door saying, "You can't come in while you are behaving like this." a) R+ b) R- c) P+ d) P- - Answer -d) P- Dogs who eat their own feces are displaying: a) Pica b) leptospirosis c) coprophagia d) coccidia - Answer -c) coprophagia According to the American Veterinary Society of Animal Behavior, 8-week-old pups: a) cannot attend training classes b) can attend training classes c) should not have any vaccines d) should have private instruction - Answer -b) can attend training classes A dog who feels frightened and anxious generally has most of his body weight: a) toward the front b) toward the back c) evenly distributed d) in a curved position - Answer -b) toward the back To introduce a new cue for a skill the dog has already learned: a) the old cue must come before the new cue b) the new cue must come before the old cue c) present the old and new cues at the same time d) focus only on the new cue - Answer -b) the new cue must come before the old cue When a dog performs a behavior regardless of environment, change in handler or other change in circumstance, we say he has achieved: a) discrimination b) conditioned response c) latency d) generalization - Answer -d) generalization Sparky became very agitated when the newborn baby in the house would cry. But after a week, he barely noticed the crying. This is: a) sensitization b) habituation c) counterconditioning d) neutral stimulus - Answer -b) habituation All of the following are true about bloat except: a) the dog's gums turn white b) the dog can die within 20 min c) it most often occurs in deep-chested dogs d) the dog's abdomen feels hard - Answer -a) the dog's gums turn white The difference between extinction and negative punishment is: a) there must be a reinforcement history for negative punishment b) negative punishment is classical conditioning c) there must be a reinforcement history for extinction d) extinction is similar to positive punishment - Answer -c) there must be a reinforcement history for extinction Lucy barks every night at 2am to go out. Kristen lives in an apartment and is worried about waking her neighbors, so she gets up and takes the dog out every night. Why does Lucy keep barking? a) R+ b) R- c) P+ d) P- - Answer -a) R+ Rewarding a dog only when he sits facing straight forward and giving good eye contact is differential reinforcement of: a) other behavior b) incompatible behavior c) excellent behavior d) alternate behavior - Answer -c) excellent behavior Tucker loves lying on the fluffy pillow at the end of the couch. When the other dog in the house approaches him, Tucker growls until the other dog walks away. Using the ABCP formula, what is the prediction: a) other dog approaches b) other dog leaves c) growling is reinforced d) other dog will stop approaching - Answer -c) growling is reinforced Tucker loves lying on the fluffy pillow at the end of the couch. When the other dog in the house approaches him, Tucker growls until the other dog walks away. Using the ABCP formula, what is the behavior: a) Tucker growls b) growling is weakened c) growling is reinforced d) other dog will stop approaching - Answer -a) Tucker growls Tucker loves lying on the fluffy pillow at the end of the couch. When the other dog in the house approaches him, Tucker growls until the other dog walks away. Using the ABCP formula, what is the antecedent: a) other dog approaches b) other dog leaves c) Tucker lies on the pillow d) Tucker growls - Answer -a) other dog approaches Tucker loves lying on the fluffy pillow at the end of the couch. When the other dog in the house approaches him, Tucker growls until the other dog walks away. Using the ABCP formula, what is the consequence: a) other dog approaches b) other dog leaves c) Tucker lies on the pillow d) Tucker growls - Answer -b) other dog leaves Jill wants Pepsi to walk at her side. So every time he is next to her hip and not tugging on the leash, she treats him. This is: a) variable interval reinforcement b) fixed ratio reinforcement c) variable ratio reinforcement d) at any time - Answer -b) at the start of class LIMA stands for: a) Least Invasive, Moderately Aversive b) Least Intrusive, Moderately Aversive c) Least Intrusive, Minimally Aversive d) Least Invasive, Minimally Aversive - Answer -c) Least Intrusive, Minimally Aversive Requirements for applying to take the CPDT-KA exam include all of the following except: a) At least 300 hours of dog training/handling experience b) At least 75 hours of working with shelter dogs c) Having a veterinarian or CPDT-KA trainer attest to your knowledge d) Signing and filing the LIMA Effective Behavior Intervention document - Answer -b) At least 75 hours of working with shelter dogs All CPDT-KA exam applicants must: a) Have a minimum of 2 years of college b) Experience working with service dogs c) Have at least a high school diploma or equivalent d) Have no more than one felony in the last five years - Answer -c) Have at least a high school diploma or equivalent According to the CCPDT Code of Ethics: a) Disclosure of client information should be done on a case-by-case basis b) You need a client's written consent to video their dog, but not necessarily to photograph the dog c) You should use positive reinforcement techniques whenever possible d) You are advised to report harsh treatment of dogs by other trainers to the CCPDT - Answer -c) You should use positive reinforcement techniques whenever possible CCPDT policy does not allow any of the following except: a) Helicoptering of dogs b) Applying a cattle prod to dogs c) Using more than one electric shock collar on a dog at a time d) Using a prong collar - Answer -d) Using a prong collar When dealing with a behavior issue, the first thing a trainer should do according to the Humane Hierarchy is: a) Reward the dog for doing an appropriate behavior b) Recommend a vet appointment to ensure the dog is physically healthy c) Find a qualified behaviorist d) Crate the dog until he's calm - Answer -b) Recommend a vet appointment to ensure the dog is physically healthy All of the following might be considered aversive tools except: a) Citronella collar b) coin can c) martingale collar d) invisible fence - Answer -c) martingale collar An advantage of a quick release collar buckle is that: a) A dog who is highly reactive on a walk can easily break away b) It naturally calms a fearful dog c) It removes a dog's natural urge to pull on a leash d) If a dog's collar gets caught on something, it can easily be unclasped - Answer -d) If a dog's collar gets caught on something, it can easily be unclasped A martingale collar is also known as: a) flat collar b) pinch collar c) limited slip collar d) easy walk collar - Answer -c) limited slip collar All of the following can be a problem with a harness that doesn't fit well except: a) It causes him to resource guard b) It rubs against the dog's skin c) It gets in the way of his leg movement d) It restricts his airway - Answer -a) It causes him to resource guard Head halters work by: a) R- followed by R+ b) R+ followed by P- c) P- followed by R- d) P+ followed by R- - Answer -d) P+ followed by R- All of the following are problems with retractable leashes except: a) The leash can cut someone b) The handler often has little control over the dog c) It teaches the dog it's OK to walk ahead d) They can be used to teach recall - Answer -d) They can be used to teach recall Once the clicker becomes a conditioned stimulus, it can become a: a) Desensitizer b) Unconditional reinforcer c) Secondary reinforcer d) Counter-conditioner - Answer -c) Secondary reinforcer According to the Humane Hierarchy, the first step when developing a training plan is to suggest: a) management b) R+ strategies d) Spraying water at a dog to get him to stop barking - Answer -b) Asking a dog to wait before being allowed to jump out of a car Whenever Spunky chews a bone and another dog approaches, Spunky growls and the other dog goes away. This is: a) Positive reinforcement b) Negative reinforcement c) Positive punishment d) Negative punishment - Answer -b) Negative reinforcement All of the following apply to operant learning except: a) Behaviors that are reinforced will be strengthened b) Learning is the result of the causes of an action and its consequences c) It is a type of learning where the dog has little control over his environment d) Behaviors that are not reinforced will weaken - Answer -c) It is a type of learning where the dog has little control over his environment Presenting a stimulus at a sufficiently low level so a dog doesn't respond to it is: a) Desensitization b) Differential reinforcement of other behavior c) Fixed interval reinforcement d) Sensitization - Answer -a) Desensitization Once a dog has learned a clicker predicts food, the clicker becomes a: a) Neutral stimulus b) Negative reinforcer c) Primary reinforcer d) Secondary reinforcer - Answer -d) Secondary reinforcer Rewarding a dog after each approximation of performing the target behavior is: a) Shaping b) Luring c) Capturing d) Modeling - Answer -a) Shaping Pavlov found that the only way a dog would associate the sound of the bell with food was if: a) He rang the bell after the food was presented b) He waited a sufficient length of time between ringing the bell and presenting food c) He rang the bell at about the same time as food was presented d) He rang the bell only when the dogs salivated - Answer -c) He rang the bell at about the same time as food was presented When Dezzy hears the sound of his leash being taken off the hook by the front door, he comes running. This is: a) Operant conditioning b) Premack Principle c) Thorndike's Law of Effect d) Classical conditioning - Answer -d) Classical conditioning In terms of operant learning, punishment means: a) Removing something b) Adding something c) Weakening a behavior d) Strengthening a behavior - Answer -c) Weakening a behavior John Watson's basic theory of behavior was: a) Learning takes place through trial and error b) Behavior is based on responding to a given stimulus c) Behavior is about conditioning a stimulus d) Learning turns a neutral stimulus into a conditioned response - Answer -b) Behavior is based on responding to a given stimulus Heidi loves to dig at the rug in the living room. She's been told "no" a hundred times, but there are no consequences for continuing to dig. This is because: a) Habituation b) Learned helplessness c) Learned irrelevance d) Heidi is a stubborn dog - Answer -c) Learned irrelevance When training a dog with classical conditioning, which should happen: a) The neutral stimulus must be presented before the unconditioned stimulus b) The unconditioned response must occur before the unconditioned stimulus c) The neutral response must occur before the unconditioned response d) The unconditioned stimulus must be presented before the neutral stimulus - Answer -a) The neutral stimulus must be presented before the unconditioned stimulus Counterconditioning is typically used when trying to: a) Teach a dog a new behavior b) Create a new conditioned stimulus c) Prevent a dog from counter surfing d) Change a dog's fear-based response - Answer -d) Change a dog's fear-based response If you're training a dog to perform a perfect sit/stay, where he doesn't budge from his position and he focuses straight ahead until released, you'd use: a) Differential reinforcement of alternate behavior b) Differential reinforcement of excellent behavior c) Differential reinforcement of other behavior d) Differential reinforcement of incompatible behavior - Answer -b) Differential reinforcement of excellent behavior