Educational Psychology: Theories, Concepts, and Applications, Exams of Advanced Education

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CLT Exam 1

educational psychology - Answer- the discipline concerned with teaching and learning processes; applies the methods and theories of psychology and has its own as well descriptive studies - Answer- studies that collect detailed information about specific situations, often using observation, surveys, interviews, recordings, or a combo of the methods case study - Answer- intensive study of 1 person or case correlation - Answer- a # that indicates both the strength and the direction of a relationship between 2 events or measurements experimentation - Answer- research method in which variables are manipulated and the effects recorded participants - Answer- people or animals studied random - Answer- each participant has an equal chance of being in any group statistically significant - Answer- not likely to happen by chance or re-occur often principle - Answer- established relationship between factors theory - Answer- an interrelated set of concepts that is used to explain a body of data and to make predictions about the results of future experiments schemes - Answer- basic building blocks of thinking ex. sucking through a straw assimilation - Answer- when people use their existing schemes to make sense of events in their world ex. a child mistaking a raccoon for a kitty accommodation - Answer- altering existing schemes or creating new ones in response to new info ex. chihuahua looking like a rat, child must revise schemes to accommodate the fact the rat is a dog equilibration - Answer- the act of searching for a balance

disequilibrium - Answer- "out of balance" state that occurs when a person realizes that their current ways of thinking are not working to solve a problem or understand a situation Sensorimotor - Answer- -make use of imitation, memory, thought -begins to realize objects do not cease to exist when they are hidden -moves from reflex actions to goal oriented activity Preoperational - Answer- -develops use of language -able to think operations through logically in one direction -can't see another persons point of view Concrete Operational - Answer- -able to solve concrete problems in logical fashion -understands law of conservation and is able to classify and seriate -understands reversibility Formal operational - Answer- -able to solve abstract problems -become more scientific in thinking -develops concerns about social issues, identity object permanence - Answer- the understanding that objects have a separate, permanent existence conservation - Answer- the principle that the amount or # of something remains the same even if the arrangement or appearance is change, as long as nothing is added or taken away egocentric - Answer- assuming others experience the world the way you do classification - Answer- grouping objects into categories reversibility - Answer- the ability to think through a series of steps, then mentally reverse the steps and return to the starting point hypothetico-deductive reasoning - Answer- a formal operations problem solving strategy in which an individual begins by identifying all the factors that might affect a problem and then deduces and systematically evaluates specific solutions sociocultural theory - Answer- Vygotsky; emphasizes role in development of cooperative dialogues between children and more knowledgable members of society co-constructed process - Answer- social process in which people interact and negotiate to create an understanding or to solve a problem cultural tools - Answer- material tools that allow people in society to communicate