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EKG CCT Study Guide Latest Updated
5% at 1.7 mph - ANS-Stage 2 of the modified bruce test is? Endocardium - ANS-What is the innermost layer of the heart called? Myocardium - ANS-What is the muscular layer of the heart? 3rd layer from the outside to the inside. Epicardium - ANS-Layer of muscle that is contact with the serous layer. second layer from the outside in. Pericardium - ANS-Outermost layer of the heart Creates a sac filled with fluid Tricuspid Valve - ANS-What is the valve between the right atrium and right ventricle? Mitral Valve (bicuspid valve) - ANS-What is the valve between the left atrium and left ventricle? Pulmonic Valve - ANS-What valve in the right ventricle delivers blood to the lungs? Aortic valve - ANS-What valve in the left ventricle delivers blood to the body? Septum - ANS-What structure separates the left and right sides of the heart? Inferior vena cava - ANS-What large vein returns deoxygenated blood from the lower extremities into the right atrium. Superior Vena Cava - ANS-What large vein returns deoxygenated blood from the upper half of the body to the right atrium Peripheral Vascular Disease PVD - ANS-An ergometer is used on patients with? The ability to respond to stimulus by depolarizing - ANS-What is excitability? The ability to pass impulses along to neighboring cells - ANS-What is conductivity? The ability to create an impulse without outside stimulation. - ANS-What is automaticity Relative period - ANS-In what refractory period can you expect dysarrythmia
a period when the cell cannot accept another impulse because it is still dealing with the last one - ANS-What is absolute period potassium moves into the cells, repolarization is from the endocardium to the epicardium - ANS-What happens in the repolarization phase somatic - ANS-What kind of artifact is seen in parkinson's patients 60 cycle - ANS-A patient is on a ventilator, and you are doing an ekg on the patient using the same socket, what kind of artifact will you expect to see? Depolarization of the atrium - ANS-What is a P wave Phase 2 - ANS-Absolute phase is between phase 0 and the middle of_____? 40-60 - ANS-Normal Junctional rhythm has a rate between _____ and _____ 60-100 - ANS-Normal sinus node rhythm has a rate between ____ and ____. 25 - ANS-Normal EKG speed 20-40 - ANS-Inherent rate of a normal ventricular rhythm _____ and _____ left arm - ANS-Where is the positive pole for lead 1 left leg - ANS-Where is the positive pole for lead 2 left leg - ANS-Where is the positive pole for lead 3 lead 1,2,3 - ANS-What makes up Einthoven triangle right arm - ANS-What is the positive pole for AVR modified chest lead - ANS-What is MCL detecting transient arrhythmia disorders, palpitations, dizziness, fainting, ischemic heart diseases. evaluation of effectiveness of medications. - ANS-What would you use ambulatory monitoring for? 85% - ANS-What is the maximum heart rate for stress testing? -50 - ANS-patient has known SVT, what speed could you set the EKG to try to read the strip?
Circumflex - ANS-What occluded artery would most likely cause a lateral wall infarction? Cardiac Plexus - ANS-The sympathetic and parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system provide intervention to the heart via? Medial - ANS-Bodies longitudinal axis? Medulla Oblongata - ANS-The cardia centers of the _ contain the autonomic headquarters for cardiac control Anterior - ANS-Which view of the heart is provided by leads V3 and V peak HR X peak systolic BP, it is not resting HR x resting systolic BP. - ANS-What is the formula for double product 4th ICS (right), 4th ICS (left), 5th ICS MCL, 5th ICS AAL, 5th ICS MAL. - ANS-Location of the precordial leads caused by patient breathing - ANS-What is wandering or baseline sway artifact to prevent muscle movement artifact - ANS-In holter monitoring why do you place electrodes on bones prominently? bradycardia - ANS-What side effect do you watch for on patients with beta blockers? (drugs that end with lol) Atropine - ANS-What medication is given for bradycardia (shortens R-R) 250-350 - ANS-What is the rate of atrial flutter? 61-100 - ANS-What is the rate for accelerated junctional rhythm? MONA- Morphine, oxygen, nitrates, adenosine - ANS-What is the order for medication administration? Lead 1 and AVF - ANS-How can you find your axis? extreme right - ANS-a negative AVF and negative lead 1 give what kind of axis? Tall, peaked T wave - ANS-hyperkalemia will cause the t wave to present? Right coronary artery - ANS-What artery supplies the SA node? Left anterior descending artery - ANS-What artery is responsibile for an anterior wall infaraction?
diagonal or circumflex vessel - ANS-What artery is responsible for a lateral MI. right coronary artery - ANS-What artery is responsible for a inferior MI V1-V4 - ANS-What leads reflect damage to the anterior wall? V2, V3 - ANS-What leads reflect damage to Anteroseptal tissue? v1-v6 - ANS-What leads reflect anterolateral damage? avl, V6 or 1, V5 - ANS-What leads reflect lateral wall damage? 3, AVF, 2 - ANS-What leads reflect inferior wall damage? Right coronary artery - ANS-What coronary artery is responsible for inferior wall damage The corresponding anterior leads - ANS-Posterior surface damage causes ST depression in what leads? Dipyridamole - ANS-What medication is given to patients who are unable to exercise? SVT - ANS-What contraindicates Epinephrine? Holter monitoring - ANS-Most common diagnostic test for syncope. 24-48 hours, or for 30 days. - ANS-How long do you use Holter monitoring? multi-gated acquisition scan, also called equilibrium radionuclide angiogram. Use of radioactive tracer to evaluate the pumping function of the ventricles. - ANS-What is a MUGA scan? sagittal plane - ANS-What plane divides the body into right and left Transverse - ANS-What plane divides the body into superior and inferior? frontal/coronal - ANS-What plane divides the body into anterior and posterior dipyradamole, dobutamine, adenosine, atropine. Maybe dobutamine - ANS-Which of these medications has more sensitivity in stress testing? decreased oxygen to the myocardial cells. - ANS-What is angina? Lanoxin - ANS-Trade name for digoxin
transmembrane potential - ANS-Difference measured about -90mc across cell membrane is called action potential - ANS-conducted change in the transmembrane potential of excitable cells, intiated by a change in the membrane permeability to sodium ions phase 4 - ANS-which phase of action potential curve represents the resting phase? depolarization - ANS-a change in the transmembrane potential that moves it from a negative value towards 0 mV is called? 1 - ANS-a brief rapid change toward the repolarization process during which the membrane potential returns to 0 mv is called phase: 0 - ANS-phase is caused by an upstroke of the action potential curve speed of treadmill - ANS-belt length x cycles/minute (rpm) is used to determine what? peak heart rate - ANS-When is thallium-201 administered? modified V5 - ANS-If you were only able to use one lead to monitor an ecg of a patient during a kattus exercise test you would use? Modified bruce - ANS-What exercise protocol would you use on somoene who had a noncomplicated controlled MI about 15 weeks ago? dobutamine - ANS-what med can be safely used during a stress test? Brachial artery - ANS-Where would you measure blood pressure non-invasively during a stress exercise test? 3.5 - ANS-normal value for metisa unit. ST depression greater than 1mm for 0.8 seconds - ANS-what would be an indication to stop stress testing? cycle ergometer - ANS-What would you get dependable workloads from? MCL1 and MCL5 - ANS-preferred lead system during stress testing an ST segment depression of 1mm - ANS-Abnormal response to exercise testing. 2-4 hours. - ANS-How long does the redistribution period take once thallium-201 is administered? Right axis deviation - ANS-Negative lead 1? What axis?
verapamil - ANS-What drug is indicated for PSVT that does not require cardioversion? cardiac arrest - ANS-Primary beneficial effect of epinephrine is for the treatment of? inhibit cardiac stimulation by the sympathetic nervous system. - ANS-Propranolol (Inderal) main action is to: decrease the strength of contraction - ANS-Negative inotropic effect would lidocaine - ANS-anti-arrhythmic drug given at 1mg/kg adenosine - ANS-most common agent for arrhythmias refractory to lidocaine? nitrates - ANS-drugs with increased effects when used with calcium channel blockers. latensin - ANS-not an alpha adrenergic blocker doxazosin - ANS-selectively block alpha adernegic receptors to reduce pulmonary vascular resistance.
