Emergency Medical Procedures and Assessments, Exams of Medicine

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EMT Fisdap Exam (more than 400 questions

with answers all correct)

The ability to take appropriate action with a little direction is known as - Correct Answer Self-confidence Which of the following statements regarding the Americans with disabilities act (ADA) of 1990 is correct? - Correct Answer The ADA prohibits employers from failing to provide full and equal employment to those who are disabled National guidelines for EMS care are intended to __________. - Correct Answer provide more consistent delivery of EMS care across the United States What should and EMT due to limit errors in the field? - Correct Answer Follow the agencies written protocols Your caring for a driver who struck a light pole. She admits to drinking alcohol the orders you not to tell anyone. You should report the following information to - Correct Answer The receiving nurse or doctor While providing care to a patient, blood got onto the ambulance stretcher. Because the stretcher was not properly cleaned after work, virus was transmitted to another emergency medical technician (EMT) several days later. Which route of transmission does this scenario describe? - Correct Answer Direct contact Gloves, a mask, eye protection, and a face shield should be used - Correct Answer Whenever you touch non-intact skin Which of the following statements regarding HIV is correct? - Correct Answer There is no vaccine against HIV infection The most serious consequence of drug or alcohol use among EMS personnel is - Correct Answer Loss of job or inappropriate patient care

Which of the following would provide the EMT with the best cover in a situation involving active gun fire? - Correct Answer A concrete barricade Which type of consent is involved when a 39-year-old mentally competent female with a severe headache asks you to take her to the hospital? - Correct Answer Expressed Which aspect of the health insurance portability and accountability act (HIPAA) most affects EMS personnel? - Correct Answer Protecting patient privacy Putrefaction is defined as: - Correct Answer decomposition of the body's tissues. In which of the following situations there's a legal duty to act clearly exist? - Correct Answer The call is received 15 minutes prior to shift change You are called to attend to an elderly patient with an extensive medical history who is now in cardiac arrest. The patient's family tells you that the patient has a DNR order. There is no paperwork available but the patient does have a medic alert bracelet indicating Do Not Resuscitate. You should

• Correct Answer Confirm the patient identity and then confirm the DNR by calling the medic alert foundation number on the bracelet Which of the following will help improve radio communications? - Correct Answer Hold the radio at least 6 inches from your mouth A four-year-old boy had an apparent seizure. He is conscious and calm and is sitting on his mother's lap. His father is sitting in a nearby chair. The child's mother suddenly begins crying uncontrollably, which causes a child to start crying. You should - Correct Answer Ask the father to hold the child so you can assess him while your partner tries to calm the mother Which of the following statements regarding a patient refusal form is correct? - Correct Answer I'm mentally competent adult has the legal right to refuse EMS care and transport You are transporting a 54-year-old male in respiratory arrest. An EMR is driving the ambulance as you and your partner are caring for the patient. Which of the following is the most logical way of notifying the hospital? -

Correct Answer Have the driver contact dispatch and relay patient information to the hospital You are caring for a 56-year-old male patient complaining of abdominal pain. Your service has recently switched to an electronica PCR system (ePCR). When completing the ePCR, it is most important to be aware that - Correct Answer The ePCR allows patient information to be transmitted directly to the receiving hospital's computer "Chondro" in the word chondrites means - Correct Answer cartilage Which of the following suffixes mean "two"? - Correct Answer "dipl-" and "bi-" An intoxicated 40-year-old male is found lying facedown. How would you document his bodies position? - Correct Answer prone A diabetic patient has polydipsia. This means that she - Correct Answer is excessively thirsty You are transporting to a 66-year-old patient with a history of heart problems. The patient chart indicates that he has hepatomegaly. The root of the term indicates that - Correct Answer The problem is with the patient's liver Bile is produced by the liver and concentrated and stored in the - Correct Answer gallbladder The brain connects to the spinal cord through a large opening at the base of the skull called the - Correct Answer foramen magnum A by-product of involuntary muscle contraction and relaxation is: - Correct Answer heat What happens when blood volume is lost from the body? - Correct Answer The arteries contract to increase the blood pressure. The central nervous system is composed of the - Correct Answer brain and spinal cord

Which organ lies in the lateral and posterior portion of the left upper quadrant of the abdomen? - Correct Answer stomach Urine is transported from the kidneys to the urinary bladder via the: - Correct Answer ureters The waste products of aerobic metabolism include - Correct Answer carbon dioxide and water The patient has a large accumulation of blood in the sack surrounding the heart. Which type of shock with this condition causes? - Correct Answer Obstructive Which of the following is true of the lymphatic system? - Correct Answer It relies on muscle movement to circulate lymph, It's vessels closely parallels the major arteries in the body The areas of the infant's skull that have not yet fused together are called - Correct Answer Fontanelles And normal systolic blood pressure for a 30-year-old is between - Correct Answer 90-140 mm Hg Artherosclerosis is defined as - Correct Answer The blockage of a coronary artery In preconventional reasoning, children - Correct Answer Act almost purely to avoid punishment and to get what they want The human body should be functioning at its optimal level between the ages of - Correct Answer 19 and 25 years. The average pulse rate of persons between 19 and 60 years of age is typically - Correct Answer 70 beats/min. You are dispatched to a call for a four month old infant with respiratory distress. While you prepare to take care of this child, you must remember that - Correct Answer Small infants are nose breathers and require clear nasal passages at all times

Which of the following is a physical change it typically occurs in the adolescent age group? - Correct Answer Secondary sexual development begins Which of the following is not a common factor that would affect a 75-year- old patient vital signs - Correct Answer Increased weight When you are communicating with an older patient, it is important to remember that - Correct Answer Age related changes diminish the effectiveness of the eyes and ears The _______ is both the mechanical weight-bearing base of the spinal column and the fused central posterior section of the pelvic girdle - Correct Answer sacrum The proper technique for using the power grip is to - Correct Answer lift with your palms up To minimize the risk of injuring yourself when lifting or moving a patient, you should - Correct Answer keep the weight as close to your body as possible. To facilitate a seat and coordinated move, the team leader should - Correct Answer Use preparatory commands to initiate any moves When pulling the patient, you should extend your arms no more than _________ in front of your torso - Correct Answer 15 to 20 inches Which of the following statements regarding an emergency patient move is correct? - Correct Answer An emergency move is performed before the primary assessment and treatment. Upon arriving at the scene of a motor vehicle crash, you find a single patient still seated in his car. There are no scene hazards. As you approach the vehicle, you know that the patient is semiconscious and has a large laceration on his forehead. You should - Correct Answer Direct your partner to apply manual in-line support of the patient's head The most serious consequence of a poorly planned or rushed patient move is - Correct Answer injury to you or your patient.

Which of the following conditions or situations presents the most unique challenge to the EMT when immobilizing an elderly patient on a long backboard? - Correct Answer abnormal spinal curvature In contrast to typical wheeled ambulance stretchers, features of a bariatric stretcher include: - Correct Answer increased stability from a wider wheelbase. When moving a conscious, week patient down a flight of stairs, you should

• Correct Answer Place the wheeled stretcher at the bottom of the stairs and carry the patient down the stairs with the stair chair It is essential that you ____________ your equipment to prevent the spread of disease. - Correct Answer decontaminate You are attending to a 26-year-old female who is 34 weeks pregnant with her first child. Your patient has been having lower abdominal pain and cramping for the past two hours. In placing your patient on the stretcher and preparing for transport, you should place her - Correct Answer On her left side You were attending to a 34-year-old male patient requires transport to the hospital for assessment of his chronic back pain. The patient weighs over 750 pounds. Your bariatric stretcher has a wider surface area to allow for - Correct Answer Increased patient comfort and dignity You are attending to a 22-year-old female patient who has overdosed. The patient is unresponsive and an upstairs bedroom. The most appropriate way to bring the patient down stairs is - Correct Answer Secure to a fracture board with the strongest provider at the head end Which of the following scenarios does not involve the presence of any symptoms - Correct Answer A 61-year-old female who is unconscious with facial cyanosis Which of the following actions would not be performed during the scene size-up? - Correct Answer rapidly assessing a patient's respiratory status

You are assessing a 72-year-old man with a domino pain. The patient is sitting in the chair; he is conscious, alert, and calm. As you were talking to the patient, your partner discreetly direct your attention to a handgun, which is located at a nearby table. You should - Correct Answer Position yourself in between the patient and the gun and ask your partner to request law enforcement assistance Which of the following statements regarding mechanism of injury (MOI) is correct? - Correct Answer The MOI may allow you to predict the severity of a patient's injuries. During an EMS call, you should take standard precautions: - Correct Answer Before exiting the ambulance and before actual patient contact Treatment and transport priorities at the scene of a mass casualty incident should be determined after - Correct Answer All the patients have been triaged When approaching a 32-year-old male who is complaining of Trumatic neck pain, you should - Correct Answer Ensure that the patient can see you approaching him Which of the following conditions would be least likely to cause an altered level of consciousness? - Correct Answer Acute anxiety An elderly patient has fallen and hit her head. Your initial care should focus on - Correct Answer airway, breathing, circulation An injured patient is assigned a total score of 9 on the GCS. He is assigned a score of 2 for eye opening, a score of 3 for verbal response, and a score of 4 for motor response. Which of the following clinical findings is consistent with his GCS score? - Correct Answer opens eyes in response to pain, uses inappropriate words, withdraws from pain When you shine a light into one pupil, the normal reaction of the other pupil should be to - Correct Answer to become smaller What maneuver should be used to open the airway of an unresponsive patient with suspected trauma? - Correct Answer Jaw-thrust maneuver

You should suspect that a patient is experiencing respiratory failure if he or she: - Correct Answer has bradycardia and diminished muscle tone. A palpable pulse is created by: - Correct Answer pressure waves through the arteries caused by cardiac contraction. In patients with deeply pigmented skin, changes in color may be apparent only in certain areas, such as the: - Correct Answer lips or oral mucosa A 39-year-old male sustained a stab wound to the groin during an altercation at a bar. As you approach the patient, you know that he is conscious. He is screaming in pain and is attempting to control the bleeding, which is bright red and spurting from his groin area. You should - Correct Answer Apply direct pressure to the wound The rabbit exam of the patient that occurs following the primary assessment should take no longer than - Correct Answer 60-90 seconds The chief complaint is MOST accurately defined as the: - Correct Answer most serious thing the patient is concerned about. Which of the following statements regarding the secondary assessment is correct? - Correct Answer The secondary assessment should focus on a certain area or region of the body as determined by the chief complaint. Reassessment is performed to determine all of the following - Correct Answer The patients response to your treatment, Whether or not the patient is deteriorating, The nature of any newly identified problems Except The reason why the patient called EMS. Which of the following statements regarding normal gas exchange in the lungs is correct? - Correct Answer Oxygen and carbon dioxide diffuse across the alveolar walls and capillaries Which of the following structures is not found in the upper airway? - Correct Answer bronchus

The physical act of moving air into and out of the lungs is called - Correct Answer ventilation Which of the following statements regarding breathing adequacy is correct?

• Correct Answer Patients breathing shallowly may require assisted ventilation despite a normal respiratory rate. Which of the following patient is breathing adequately? - Correct Answer A conscious meal with respirations of 19 breaths per minute and pink skin Irregular respirations characterized by increasing rate and depth of breathing followed by periods of apnea are called - Correct Answer Cheyne-Stokes Respirations In which of the following patients would the head tilt chin lift maneuver be the most appropriate method of opening the airway? - Correct Answer a 37-year-old female who is found unconscious in her bed A 19-year-old female is found unconscious by her roommate. Your primary assessment reveals that her breathing is inadequate. As you insert an oropharyngeal airway, she begins to gag violently. You should: - Correct Answer remove the airway and be prepared to suction her oropharynx. The nasopharyngeal airway is most beneficial because it - Correct Answer can maintain a patent airway in a semiconscious patient with a gag reflex. When testing the mechanical suctioning unit, you should turn on the device, clamp the tube in, and ensure that it generates a vacuum pressure of more than - Correct Answer 300mm Hg Which of the following patients should you place in the recovery position? - Correct Answer a 31-year-old semiconscious male with low blood sugar and adequate breathing Which of the following statements regarding oxygen is correct? - Correct Answer Oxygen supports the combustion process and they cause a fire A patient who is suspected of being hypoxic and is breathing adequately should be given supplemental oxygen with a - Correct Answer nonrebreathing mask

What occurs when a patient is breathing very rapidly and shallowly? - Correct Answer Air moves primarily in the anatomic dead space and does not participate in pulmonary gas exchange. You are performing mouth to mask ventilation is with oxygen connected and set out of flow rate of 15 L/min. What percentage of oxygen is your patient receiving? - Correct Answer 55% Which of the following is the most reliable indicator of adequately performed bag-valve mask ventilation and apneic adult with a pulse? - Correct Answer Adequate rise of the chest when squeezing the bag How does CPAP improve oxygenation and ventilation in patients with certain respiratory problems? - Correct Answer It forces the alveoli open and pushes oxygen across the alveolar membrane. You were ventilating a patient with a stoma; however, air is escaping from the mouth and nose. To prevent this, you should - Correct Answer Seal the mouth and nose During your assessment of patient with respiratory distress, you hear wheezing when listening to breath sounds. This indicates - Correct Answer Lower airway obstruction A man was found unresponsive in his bed at home. There is no evidence of injury and the patient's medical history is not known. The patient's face is cyanotic, yet the pulse oximeter reads 98%. Which of the following would MOST likely explain this? - Correct Answer carbon monoxide poisoning The amount of medication that is given is known as the _________. - Correct Answer dose What is the route of a ministration for the EpiPen auto injector? - Correct Answer Intramuscular Which of the following is required for an ENT to administer a drug to a patient? - Correct Answer Medical direction approval

Which of the following patient populations typically require a modified drug deals? - Correct Answer Pediatric patients The term "pharmacology" is most accurately defined as - Correct Answer The study of drugs and their actions on the body After taking diphendydramine (Benadryl) for an allergic reaction, a person begins experiencing drowsiness and a dry mouth. These findings are an example of a(n): - Correct Answer side effect Advil, Nuprin, and Motrin are brand (trade) names for the generic medication: - Correct Answer Ibuprofen Which of the following statements regarding parenteral medications is correct? - Correct Answer Parenteral medications are observed more quickly than internal medications While assisting a paramedic in the attempted resuscitation of a 55-year-old male in cardiac arrest, you should expect the paramedic to: - Correct Answer administer drugs via the IV route to achieve the fastest effect. Activated charcoal is an example of - Correct Answer suspension A 31-year-old female is experiencing an acute asthma attack. She is conscious and alert, but in obvious respiratory distress. After assisting her with her prescribed MDI, you should: - Correct Answer reassess the patient and document her response to the medication You are dispatched to a state park for a young female experiencing an allergic reaction. Your assessment reveals that her breathing is severely labored and her blood pressure is very low. Can you carry epinephrine autoinjector is on your ambulance and have been trained and approved by your medical director to administer them. As your partner gives the patient supplemental oxygen, you attempt to contact medical control but do not have a signal from your cell phone. You should - Correct Answer Administer epinephrine to the patient, begin immediate transport, and attempt to contact medical control en route to the hospital

Which of the following statements regarding glucose is correct? - Correct Answer Glucose is a simple sugar that is readily absorbed by the bloodstream. A 62-year-old male presents with crushing chest pain, which he describes as being the same kind of pain that he had with a previous heart attack. He has prescribed nitroglycerin but states that he has not taken any. After administering supplemental oxygen and contacting medical control, you should: - Correct Answer Assist him with his nitroglycerin unless his systolic blood pressure is less than 100mm Hg Which of the following clinical signs would necessitate the administration of Naloxone (Narcan)? - Correct Answer slow respirations When assessing an elderly male who complains of nausea and generalized weakness, you find that he takes atorvastatin (Norvasc). These medications suggest a history of - Correct Answer Cardiovascular disease Which of the following is an example of a rules based medication error? - Correct Answer The EMT administers a drug that is not approved by the medical director The process of binding or sticking to a surface is called: - Correct Answer adsorption In _______ administration, you are administering medication to yourself or your partner. - Correct Answer peer-assisted Medications encased in a gelatin shell that are taken by mouth are called: - Correct Answer capsules In adequate circulation of blood throughout the body is called - Correct Answer Shock What are three components of the "perfusion triangle" - Correct Answer Heart, blood vessels, blood You suspect your patient is in shock. You note the patient's skin is pale. This is likely due to ___________. - Correct Answer peripheral vasoconstriction

Shock due to severe infection is called ________. - Correct Answer septic shock Your patient has a decreased cardiac output and poor myocardial contractility. This will likely lead to - Correct Answer cardiogenic shock Foods, medications, and insects are common causes of - Correct Answer anaphylactic shock Your patient is in shock, but the bodies defense mechanisms are currently able to maintain adequate circulation. This is called - Correct Answer Compensated shock As you approach a patient lying at the side of the roadway, you observe severe bleeding from the leg. What should your first action be? - Correct Answer control bleeding When should nonlifesaving interventions be performed for your multisystem trauma patient? - Correct Answer En route to the hospital To protect vital organs, the body compensates by directing blood flow away from organs that are more tolerant of low flow, such as: - Correct Answer skin Pulmonary Edema and impaired ventilation occur during - Correct Answer Cardiogenic shock Which of the following injuries were most likely cause obstructive shock? - Correct Answer Cardiac tamponade Distributive shock occurs when: - Correct Answer widespread dilation of the blood vessels causes blood to pool in the vascular beds. In an acute injury setting, neurogenic shock is commonly accompanied by:

• Correct Answer hypothermia Hypovolemic shock caused by severe burns is the result of a loss of - Correct Answer plasma

When assessing a patient with signs and symptoms of shock, it is important to remember that - Correct Answer blood pressure may be the last measurable factor to change in shock. When treating an 80-year-old patient who is in shock, it is important to remember that: - Correct Answer changes in gastric motility may delay gastric emptying, which increases the risk for vomiting. A 25-year-old unrestrained female struck the steering wheel with her chest when her car hit a tree while traveling at a high rate of speed. She has signs and symptoms of shock, which you suspect are the result of intrathoracic bleeding. Which of the following interventions will provide this patient with the greatest chance for survival? - Correct Answer Rapid transport to a trauma center Which of the following is the only action that can prevent eventual death from a tension pneumothorax? - Correct Answer Decompression of the injured side of the chest A 20-year-old male has a large laceration on his wrist. He's holding a blood-soaked towel over the wound, but it continues to bleed rapidly. You should - Correct Answer Apply a tourniquet proximal to the wrist What is the correct compression-to-ventilation ratio for adult CPR? - Correct Answer 30: Without practice, your CPR skills will __________. - Correct Answer deteriorate over time Between each chest compression, you should __________. - Correct Answer allow full chest recoil Your conscious patient has a mild partial airway obstruction. You should: - Correct Answer encourage the patient to cough If an object is visible in the unconscious patient's airway, you should __________. - Correct Answer remove it

Basic life support (BLS) is defined as: - Correct Answer noninvasive emergency care that is used to treat conditions such as airway obstruction, respiratory arrest, and cardiac arrest. Your partner is performing one rescuer CPR on a middle-aged woman in cardiac arrest. When you apply the AED pads, you know that she has a medication patch over the same area where one of the AED pads will be placed. You should - Correct Answer Remove the medication patch, wipe away any medication residue, and apply the AED pads CPR will not be affected if the patient is - Correct Answer Prone Complications associated with chest compressions include all of the following, except - Correct Answer Rib fractures Liver lacerations A fractured sternum Except Gastric distention Several attempts to adequately open a trauma patient's airway with the jaw-thrust maneuver have been unsuccessful. You should - Correct Answer Perform a head-tilt-chin-lift A 60-year-old man is found to be unresponsive, pulseless, and apneic. You should - Correct Answer begin CPR until an AED is available. Wild rescue were one is finishing his or her fifth cycle of 30 compressions, rescuer two should - Correct Answer Give two breaths and prepare to start compressions The impedance threshold device (ITD) may improve circulation during active compression-decompression CPR by: - Correct Answer limiting the amount of air that enters the lungs during the recoil phase between chest compressions, which results in negative intrathoracic pressure and improved cardiac filling. In most cases, cardiopulmonary arrest in infants and children is caused by:

• Correct Answer respiratory arrest

When performing CPR on a child, you should compress the chest - Correct Answer with one or two hands CPR should be initiated when: - Correct Answer A valid living will is unavailable Signs of a sudden severe upper airway obstruction include all of the following, except - Correct Answer Acute cyanosis Inability to speak Grasping the throat Except Forceful coughing CPR is in progress on a pregnant woman. Shortly after manually displacing her uterus to the left, return of spontaneous circulation occurs. Which of the following would MOST likely explain this? - Correct Answer Pressure was relieved from her aorta and vena cava, which improved chest compression effectiveness CPR retraining is the most effective when it - Correct Answer involves hands-on practice. Gastric distention will MOST likely occur: - Correct Answer if you ventilate a patient too quickly. If carbon dioxide levels dropped to low, the person automatically breathes - Correct Answer Slower and less deeply If the level of carbon dioxide in the arterial blood rises above normal, the patient breathes - Correct Answer rapidly and deeply Inflammation and swelling of the pharynx, larynx, and trachea resulting in a "seal bark" cough are typically caused by - Correct Answer Croup _____ is a sign of hypoxia to the brain - Correct Answer altered mental status

Asthma produces a characteristic __________ as patients attempt to exhale through partially obstructed air passages. - Correct Answer wheezing Your patient has a chronic respiratory condition. His stimulus to breathe is triggered by low oxygen levels in the blood. This is known as the - Correct Answer Hypoxic drive Which of the following must be assessed in every respiratory patient? - Correct Answer lung sounds Crackles (rales) are caused by _________. - Correct Answer air passing through fluid Which of the following is a genetic disorder that predisposes the patient to repeated lung infections? - Correct Answer cystic fibrosis In what area of the lungs does respiration occur? - Correct Answer alveoli In order for efficient pulmonary gas exchange to occur: - Correct Answer oxygen and carbon dioxide must be able to freely diffuse across the alveolar-capillary membrane. A 59-year-old male with a history of emphysema complains of an acute worsening of his dyspnea and pleuritic chest pain following a forceful cough. Your assessment reveals that he has a barrel-shaped chest, unilaterally diminished breath sounds, and tachycardia. What is the MOST likely cause of this patient's condition? - Correct Answer spontaneous pneumothorax Treatment with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) would MOST likely be contraindicated in which of the following situations? - Correct Answer Shortness of breath and a blood pressure of 76/56 mm Hg While auscultating an elderly woman's breath sounds, you hear low-pitched "rattling" sounds at the bases of both of her lungs. This finding is MOST consistent with which of the following conditions? - Correct Answer aspiration pneumonia

Deoxygenated blood from the body returns to the - Correct Answer right atrium Angina Pectoris (chest pain) occurs when - Correct Answer Myocardial oxygen demand exceeds supply Which of the following is not a common signs or symptoms associated with malfunction of an implanted cardiac pacemaker? - Correct Answer Rapid heart rate A patient in cardiac arrest is wearing an external defibrillator vest, which is interfering with effective chest compressions. The EMT should: - Correct Answer remove the battery from the monitor and then remove the vest A 66-year-old female with a history of hypertension and diabetes presents with substernal chest pressure of 2 hours' duration. Her blood pressure is 140/90 mm Hg, her pulse is 100 beats/min and irregular, and her respirations are 22 breaths/min and her oxygen saturation is 92%. The patient does not have prescribed nitroglycerin, but her husband does. You should - Correct Answer administer oxygen, give her 324 mg of aspirin, and assess her further. Nitroglycerin is contradicted in patients - Correct Answer Who have experienced a head injury After the AED has delivered a shock, the EMT should: - Correct Answer immediately resume CPR. You and your partner arrive at the scene of a middle-aged man who collapsed about five minutes ago. He is unresponsive, apenic, and pulseless. Bystanders are present, but have not provided any care. you should - Correct Answer Begin high-quality CPR and apply the AED as soon as possible Which of the following signs is commonly observed in patients with right sided heart failure? - Correct Answer dependent edema The three major parts of the brain are - Correct Answer cerebrum, cerebellum, brain stem

Interruption of cerebral blood flow may result from all of the following, EXCEPT: - Correct Answer A thrombus An embolism An acute arterial rupture Except Cerebral vasodilation The most significant risk factor for a hemorrhagic stroke is - Correct Answer hypertension Which of the following conditions would be the least likely to mimic the signs and symptoms of a stroke - Correct Answer hypovolemia Which of the following most accurately describes with the patient will experience during the postictal state that follows a seizure? - Correct Answer Confusion and fatigue A patient with an altered mental status is: - Correct Answer not thinking clearly or is incapable of being aroused. When caring for a patient with documented hypoglycemia, you should be most alert for - Correct Answer seizure During the primary assessment of a semiconscious 70-year-old female, you should - Correct Answer ensure a patent airway and support ventilation as needed. You are caring for a 68-year-old man with sudden onset of left sided paralysis and slurred speech. His airway is patent, his respirations are 14 breaths/min with adequate depth, and his oxygen saturation is 98%. Treatment for this patient should include - Correct Answer recovery position and transport When you are obtaining medical history from the family of a suspected stroke patient, it is most important to determine - Correct Answer when the patient last appeared normal

Your patient opens his eyes, moans, and pulls away from you when you pinch his trapezius muscle. You should assign a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of: - Correct Answer 8 The left cerebral hemisphere controls: - Correct Answer right side of the body For a patient with a gastrointestinal complaint, it is most important for the EMT to - Correct Answer identify whether the patient requires rapid transport Your patient complains of abdominal pain that occurs mostly at night or after eating fatty foods. You should suspect - Correct Answer cholecystitis Which of the following is correct about the secondary assessment for a high-priority patient? - Correct Answer You may not have time to complete a secondary assessment. Which of the following statements regarding the acute abdomen is correct?

• Correct Answer The initial pain associated with an acute abdomen tends to be vague and poorly localized. Pain that may be perceived at a distal point on the surface of the body, such as the back or shoulder, is called - Correct Answer Referred pain A 30-year-old woman with a history of alcoholism presents with severe upper abdominal pain and is vomiting large amounts of bright red blood. Her skin is cool, pale, and clammy; her heart rate is 120 beats/min and weak; and her blood pressure is 70/50 mm Hg. Your MOST immediate action should be to: - Correct Answer protect her airway from aspiration. A 47-year-old male presents with severe abdominal pain of 3 hours' duration. His abdomen is distended and guarded. Your MOST important consideration for this patient should be to: - Correct Answer be alert for signs and symptoms of shock. Peritonitis may result in shock because: - Correct Answer fluid shifts from the bloodstream into body tissues.

A young female presents with costovertebral angle tenderness. She is conscious and alert with stable vital signs. Which of the following organs is MOST likely causing her pain? - Correct Answer kidney A 59-year-old male presents with a sudden onset of severe lower back pain. He is conscious and alert, but very restless and diaphoretic. Your assessment reveals a pulsating mass to the left of his umbilicus. You should: - Correct Answer administer oxygen and prepare for immediate transport. The main function of the endocrine system is to - Correct Answer maintain homeostasis A patient with an altered mental status; high blood glucose levels; and deep, rapid breathing may have a condition known as __________. - Correct Answer diabetic ketoacidosis Which of the following statements regarding glucose is correct? - Correct Answer The brain requires glucose as much as it requires oxygen. In contrast to type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes: - Correct Answer is caused by resistance to insulin at the cellular level. Classic signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia include - Correct Answer cool, clammy skin; weakness; tachycardia; and rapid respirations. Is 75-year-old male with type 1 diabetes presents with chest pain and a general feeling of weakness. He tells you that he took his insulin today and eat a regular meal approximately 2 hours ago. You should treat this patient as though he is experiencing - Correct Answer A heart attack A man finds his 59-year-old wife unconscious on the couch. He states that she takes medications for type 2 diabetes. He further tells you that his wife has been ill recently and has not eaten for the past 24 hours. Your assessment reveals that the patient is unresponsive. You should: - Correct Answer open and maintain her airway and assess breathing. Which of the following statements regarding sickle cell disease is correct? - Correct Answer In sickle cell disease, the red blood cells are abnormally shaped and are less able to carry oxygen.

A 66-year-old woman experienced a sudden onset of difficulty breathing. She has a history of type 2 diabetes and deep vein thrombosis (DVT). On the basis of her medical history, which of the following should the EMT suspect? - Correct Answer pulmonary embolism You are treating a 40-year-old male with a documented blood sugar reading of 480 mg/dL. The patient is semiconscious and breathing shallowly, and is receiving assisted ventilation from your partner. You should recognize that definitive treatment for this patient includes - Correct Answer insulin The normal blood glucose level is between - Correct Answer 80-120 mg/dL When an allergic reaction proceeds to life-threatening anaphylaxis, it will usually do so __________. - Correct Answer quickly, within 30 minutes When a foreign substance invades the body, the body will __________. - Correct Answer protect itself go on alert attempt to inactivate the foreign substance Anaphylaxis caused by stinging insects is typically an allergic reaction to ____________ rather than the bite or sting itself. - Correct Answer injected poison irritating toxin deadly venom Which of the following signs/symptoms are indicative of respiratory involvement of an allergic reaction? - Correct Answer Tightness in the chest or throat Epinephrine stimulates the ________ response, increasing blood pressure and relieving bronchospasm. - Correct Answer sympathetic Urticaria is the medical term for: - Correct Answer hives The stinger from a honeybee should be: - Correct Answer scraped away from the skin.

Which of the following would most likely provide clues regarding the source of the patients allergic reaction? - Correct Answer the environment in which the patient is found A 37-year-old male is having a severe allergic reaction to penicillin. He does not have an epinephrine autoinjector and your protocols do not allow you to carry epinephrine on the ambulance. How should you proceed with the treatment of this patient? - Correct Answer Administer oxygen, transport at once, and request a paramedic intercept The adult epinephrine auto-injector delivers ______ mg of epinephrine, and the pediatric auto-injector delivers ______ mg. - Correct Answer 0.3, 0.15 How do poisons typically act to harm the body? - Correct Answer By changing the normal metabolism of cells or by destroying them If the victim of a toxicologic emergency vomits, an EMT should _________.

• Correct Answer use appropriate personal protective equipment and examine the vomitus for pill fragments or other clues for patient care. Of the four avenues of poisoning, generally ___________ is the most worrisome in terms of treatment to the EMS provider. - Correct Answer injection The recommended treatment for absorbed or contact poisons includes _________. - Correct Answer safely removing or diluting the poisonous substance Heroin is an example of a(n): - Correct Answer Opioid Hypotension, hypoventilation, and pinpoint pupils would be expected following an overdose of: - Correct Answer oxycodone (Percocet). Activated charcoal is given to patients who have ingested certain substances because it - Correct Answer binds to the substance and prevents absorption. You receive a call to a residence where a man found his wife on responsive on the couch. The patient's respiratory rate is 8 breaths/min, her breathing

is shallow, her heart rate is 40 beats/min, and her pulse is weak. The husband hands you an empty bottle of hydrocodone (Vicodin), which was refilled the day before. You should - Correct Answer Ventilate her with a BVM You and your paramedic partner are caring for a patient who ingested codeine, acetaminophen (Tylenol), and hydrocodone (Vicodin). The patient is unresponsive, his breathing is slow and shallow, and his pulse is slow and weak. Treatment for this patient should include: - Correct Answer assisted ventilation and naloxone (Narcan). A 49-year-old male presents with confusion, sweating, and visual hallucinations. The patient's wife tells you that he is a heavy drinker and she thinks he had a seizure shortly before your arrival. This patient is MOST likely experiencing: - Correct Answer delirium tremens A behavioral crisis interferes with which of the following? - Correct Answer Activities of daily living Behavior that is acceptable to the community Dressing, eating, or bathing Which of the following is an example of a psychiatric emergency? - Correct Answer A person violently attacking family members Which of the following is considered an organic brain syndrome? - Correct Answer Alzheimer dementia Which of the following is a good guideline for physical examination of the patient? - Correct Answer Avoid touching without permission A general pression of the patient is formed by EMT - Correct Answer At a distance when the patient is first seen A 38-year-old male with a history of schizophrenia is reported by neighbors to be screaming and throwing things in his house. You are familiar with the patient and have cared for him in the past for unrelated problems. Law enforcement officers escort you into the residence when you arrive. The patient tells you that he sees vampires and is attempting to ward them off by screaming and throwing things at them. He has several large lacerations to his forearms that are actively bleeding. The MOST appropriate way to

manage this situation is to: - Correct Answer restrain the patient with appropriate force in order to treat his injuries. When caring for a patient experiencing excited delirium, the EMT should remember that - Correct Answer sudden death can occur if the patient's violence is not controlled. While the ages can vary, women typically experience menstruation from approximately _________ to ____________ years of age. - Correct Answer 11:50 Patient complaints of pain during intercourse, lower abdominal discomfort, and nausea may be indicative of which of the following? - Correct Answer pelvic inflammatory disease The EMT should ensure that vaginal bleeding is _________. - Correct Answer taken seriously and the patient is transported for gynecologic evaluation Some causes of vaginal bleeding include - Correct Answer Ectopic pregnancy Vaginal trauma Spontaneous abortion In cases of sexual assault, it is important to ensure that you do which of the following? - Correct Answer Immediately write down your observations of the scene before assessing the patient. Call for a female EMT or ALS care provider. Discuss with law enforcement any suspicions that you may have about the perpetrator. During gynecological emergencies, in addition to the standard SAMPLE questions, the EMT should attempt to determine which of the following? - Correct Answer The amount of time since of the patient's last menstrual cycle The possibility that the patient may be pregnant If the patient is sexually active