Emergency Medical Procedures and Assessments, Exams of Nursing

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EMT PRACTICE FINAL EXAMINATION

EXPLAINED.

SNORING RESPIRATIONS ARE MOST RAPIDLY MANAGED BY

A. SUCTIONING THE OROPHARYNX

B. INITIATING ASSISTED VENTILATIONS

C. CORRECTLY POSITIONING THE HEAD

D. INSERTING AN OROPHARNYGEAL AIRWAY - ANSWER-CORRECTLY POSITIONING

THE HEAD

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING PATIENTS WOULD BE MOST IN NEED OF A RAPID

TRAUMA ASSESSMENT?

A. AN AWAKE AND ALERT 19-YEAR-OLD MAN WITH A SMALL CALIBER GUNSHOT

WOUND TO THE ABDOMEN

B. A CONSCIOUS 25-YEAR-OLD WOMAN WHO FELL 12' FROM A ROOF AND

LANDED ON HER SIDE

C. A 43-YEAR-OLD WOMAN WITH A UNILATERALLY SWOLLEN, PAINFUL

DEFORMITY OF THE FEMUR

D. A 60-YEAR OLD MAN WHO FELL FROM A STANDING POSITION AND HAS AN

ABRASION ON HIS CHECK - ANSWER-AN AWAKE AND ALERT 19-YEAR-OLD MAN

WITH A SMALL CALIBER GUNSHOT WOUND TO THE ABDOMEN

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING BONES IS AFFECTED WITH A SWOLLEN, PAINFUL

DEFORMITY TO THE LATERAL BONE OF THE LEFT FOREARM?

A. ULNA

B. RADIUS

C. CLAVICLE

D. HUMERUS - ANSWER-RADIUS

DURING YOUR ASSESSMENT OF A 34-YEAR OLD MAN WITH A GUNSHOT WOUND

TO THE CHEST, YOU NOTE THAT HIS SKIN IS PALE. THIS FINDING IS MOST LIKELY

CAUSED BY

A. A CRITICALLY LOW BLOOD PRESSURE

B. INCREASED BLOOD FLOW TO THE SKIN

C. DECREASED BLOOD FLOW TO THE SKIN

D. PERIPHERAL DILATION OF THE VASCULATURE - ANSWER-DECREASED BLOOD

FLOW TO THE SKIN

AN 80-YEAR OLD WOMAN HAS PAIN IN THE RIGHT UPPER QUADRANT OF HER

ABDOMEN AND A YELLOWISH TINGE TO HER SKIN. YOU SHOULD SUSPECT

DYSFUNCTION OF THE

A. LIVER

B. SPLEEN

C. PANCREAS

D. GALLBLADDER - ANSWER-LIVER

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING SITUATIONS IS AN EXAMPLE OF ABANDONMENT?

A. AN EMT--PARAMEDIC GIVERS A VERBAL REPORT TO ANY EMERGENCY NURSE.

B. AN EMT--INTERMEDIATE ASSUMES PATIENT CARE FROM AN EMT-BASIC

C. AN EMT--BASIC TRANSFERS CARE OF A PATIENT TO PATIENT TO AN EMT-

PARAMEDIC

D. A FIRST RESPONDER ASSUMES PATIENT CARE FROM AN EMT-INTERMEDIATE -

ANSWER-A FIRST RESPONDER ASSUMES PATIENT CARE FROM AN EMT-

INTERMEDIATE

WHICH ARTERY SHOULD YOU PALPATE WHEN ASSESSING FOR A PULSE IN AN

UNRESPONSIVE 6-MONTH OLD PATIENT?

A. RADIAL

B. CAROTID

C. FEMORAL

D. BRACHIAL - ANSWER-BRACHIAL

DURING THE INITIAL ASSESSMENT OF A TRAUMA PATIENT, YOU NOTE MASSIVE

FACIAL INJURIES, WEAK RADIAL PULSES, AND CLAMMY SKIN. WHAT SHOULD BE

YOUR MOST IMMEDIATE CONCERN?

A. POTENTIAL OBSTRUCTION OF THE AIRWAY

B. INTERNAL BLEEDING AND SEVERE SHOCK

C. APPLYING 100% SUPPLEMENTAL OXYGEN

D. PROVIDING RAPID TRANSPORT TO A TRAUMA CENTER - ANSWER-POTENTIAL

OBSTRUCTION OF THE AIRWAY

YOU ARE CALLED TO TREAT A MALE PATIENT WHO OVERDOSED ON HEROIN AND

AND IS UNCONSCIOUS WITH SHALLOW BREATHING AND CYANOSIS TO THE FACE.

THE PATIENT SUDDENLY BEGINS TO VOMIT. WHAT SHOULD YOU DO FIRST?

A. SUCTION THE OROPHARYNX

B. TURN THE PATIENT ONTO HIS SIDE.

C. INSERT AN OROPHARYNGEAL AIRWAY.

D. ASSIST VENTILATIONS WITH 100% OXYGEN. - ANSWER-TURN THE PATIENT

ONTO HIS SIDE.

THE SCENE SIZE UP INCLUDES ALL OF THE FOLLOWING COMPONENTS, EXCEPT

A. DETERMINING SCENE SAFETY

B. APPLYING PERSONAL PROTECTIVE GEAR

C. ASSESSING THE NEED FOR ASSISTANCE

D. EVALUATING THE MECHANISM OF INJURY - ANSWER-APPLYING PERSONAL

PROTECTIVE GEAR

IN WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING PATIENTS WOULD AN OROPHARYNGEAL AIRWAY

BE INDICATED?

A. ANY PATIENT SUSPECTED OF HAVING HYPOXIA

B. A SEMICONSCIOUS PATIENT WITH AN INTACT GAG REFLEX

C. A SEMICONSCIOUS PATIENT WHO TOOK AN OVERDOSE OF PROPOXYPHENE

D. AN UNCONSCIOUS PATIENT WITH FLUID DRAINAGE FROM THE EARS -

ANSWER-AN UNCONSCIOUS PATIENT WITH FLUID DRAINAGE FROM THE EARS

UPON ARRIVING AT THE SCENE OF A MULTIPLE VEHICLE CRASH, YOU CAN SEE

THAT AT LEAST TWO PATIENTS HAVE BEEN EJECTED FROM THEIR VEHICLES.

WHAT SHOULD YOU DO NEXT?

A. BEGIN TRIAGE

B. TREAT THE MOST CRITICAL PATIENT FIRST

C. GATHER ALL OF THE PATIENTS TOGETHER

D. CALL FOR AT LEAST ONE MORE AMBULANCE - ANSWER-CALL FOR AT LEAST

ONE MORE AMBULANCE

A 75 YEAR OLD MAN HAS GENERALIZED WEAKNESS AND CHEST PAIN. HE HAS A

BOTTLE OF PRESCRIBED NITROGLYCERIN AND HE STATES THAT HE HAS NOT

TAKEN ANY OF HIS MEDICATION. AFTER INITIATING OXYGEN THERAPY, YOU

SHOULD NEXT

A. APPLY THE AED AND PREPARE THE PATIENT FOR IMMEDIATE TRANSPORT

B. PERFORM A DETAILED PHYSICAL EXAMINATION TO LOCATED ANY OTHER

PROBLEMS.

C. CONTACT MEDICAL CONTROL FOR PERMISSION TO ASSIST THE PATIENT WITH

HIS NITROGLYCERIN.

D. COMPLETE A FOCUSED PHYSICAL EXAMINATION, INCLUDING OBTAINING

BASELINE VITAL SIGNS. - ANSWER-COMPLETE A FOCUSED PHYSICAL

EXAMINATION, INCLUDING OBTAINING BASELINE VITAL SIGNS.

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING ORGANS IS NOT PART OF THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM?

A. THYROID

B. PITUITARY

C. PANCREAS

D. GALLBLADDER - ANSWER-GALLBLADDER

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING INJURIES OR CONDITIONS SHOULD BE MANAGED

FIRST?

A. FLUID DRAINAGE FROM BOTH EARS

B. BLEEDING WITHIN THE ORAL CAVITY

C. A LARGE OPEN ABDOMINAL WOUND

D. BILATERAL FRACTURES OF THE FEMURS - ANSWER-BLEEDING WITHIN THE

ORAL CAVITY

YOU ARRIVE AT A RESIDENCE WHERE YOU FIND A MAN LYING UNCONSCIOUS IN

HIS FRONT YARD. THERE WERE NO WITNESSES TO THE EVENT THAT CAUSED THE

UNCONSCIOUSNESS. IN ASSESSING THIS MAN, YOU MUST ASSUME THAT HE

A. HAS SUSTAINED AN INJURY

B. IS HAVING A HEART ATTACK

C. IS HAVING A DIABETIC REACTION

D. IS HAVING A HEAT-RELATED EMERGENCY - ANSWER-HAS SUSTAINED AN

INJURY

WHEN IS THE BEST TIME TO PERFORM A DETAILED PHYSICAL EXAMINATION?

A. WHILE ENROUTE TO THE HOSPITAL

B. AFTER ALL LIFE THREATS HAVE BEEN RULED OUT

C. IMMEDIATELY AFTER TAKING BASELINE VITAL SIGNS

D. FOLLOWING THE INITIAL ASSESSMENT OF A TRAUMA PATIENT. - ANSWER-

WHILE ENROUTE TO THE HOSPITAL

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING CONDITIONS WOULD MOST LIKELY CAUSE FLUSHED

SKIN?

A. SHOCK

B. HYPOXIA

C. EXPOSURE TO HEAT

D. LOW BLOOD PRESSURE - ANSWER-EXPOSURE TO HEAT

DURING THE RAPID TRAUMA ASSESSMENT OF A PATIENT WITH MULTIPLE

INJURIES, YOU EXPOSE THE CHEST AND FIND AN OPEN WOUND WITH BLOOD

BUBBLING FROM IT. WHAT SHOULD YOU DO NEXT?

A. APPLY 100% SUPPLEMENTAL OXYGEN.

B. PROVIDE RAPID TRANSPORT TO THE HOSPITAL

C. PREVENT AIR FROM ENTERING THE WOUND.

D. PLACE A POROUS DRESSING OVER THE WOUND. - ANSWER-PREVENT AIR

FROM ENTERING THE WOUND.

YOU ARE CALLED TO A LOCAL PARK FOR A 7-YEAR OLD BOY WITH RESPIRATORY

DISTRESS. DURING YOUR ASSESSMENT, YOU FIND THAT THE PATIENT IS

WHEEZING AND HAS WIDE-SPREAD HIVES AND FACIAL EDEMA. WHAT SHOULD

YOU SUSPECT HAS OCCURRED?

A. HEAT EMERGENCY

B. ALLERGIC REACTION

C. ACUTE ASTHMA ATTACK

D. EXPOSURE TO A POISONOUS PLANT - ANSWER-ALLERGIC REACTION

A COMMON SIDE EFFECT OF NITROGLYCERIN IS

A. NAUSEA

B. HEADACHE

C. HYPERTENSION

D. CHEST DISCOMFORT - ANSWER-HEADACHE

AS YOU ASSESS A 56-YEAR OLD MAN, YOU NOTE THAT HE IS PULSELESS AND

APNEIC. AS YOUR PARTNER GETS THE AED FROM THE AMBULANCE, YOU SHOULD

A. OBTAIN A MEDICAL HISTORY FROM THE WIFE.

B. PLACE THE PATIENT IN THE RECOVERY POSITION

C. PERFORM CPR UNTIL THE AED IS READY TO USE

D. CONDUCT A DETAILED EXAMINATION OF THE PATIENT. - ANSWER-PERFORM

CPR UNTIL THE AED IS READY TO USE

PRESCRIBED INHALERS, SUCH AS ALBUTEROL (VENTOLIN), RELIEVE RESPIRATORY

DISTRESS BY

A. CONSTRICTING THE BRONCHIOLES IN THE LUNGS.

B. CONTRACTING THE SMALLER AIRWAYS IN THE LUNGS.

C. RELAXING THE SMOOTH MUSCLE OF THE BRONCHIOLES.

D. DILATING THE LARGE MAINSTEM BRONCHI OF THE AIRWAY. - ANSWER-

RELAXING THE SMOOTH MUSCLE OF THE BRONCHIOLES.

IN A PATIENT WITH CARDIAC COMPROMISE, YOU WOULD BE LEAST LIKELY TO

ENCOUNTER

A. ANXIETY

B. DYSPNEA

C. HEADACHE

D. CHEST PAIN - ANSWER-HEADACHE

WHEN MONITORING A PATIENT WITH A HEAD INJURY, THE MOST RELIABLE

INDICATOR OF HIS OR HER CONDITION IS THE

A. PUPILLARY REACTION

B. LEVEL OF CONSCIOUSNESS

C. SYSTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE

D. RATE AND DEPTH OF BREATHING - ANSWER-LEVEL OF CONSCIOUSNESS

A 56-YEAR-OLD MAN WITH A HISTORY OF CARDIAC PROBLEMS REPORTS PAIN IN

THE UPPER MIDABDOMINAL AREA. THIS REGION OF THE ABDOMEN IS CALLED

THE

A. PERITONEUM

B. EPIGASTRIUM

C. MEDIASTINUM

D. RETROPERITONEUM - ANSWER-EPIGASTRIUM

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING MECHANISMS CAUSE RESPIRATORY AND

CIRCULATORY COLLAPSE DURING ANAPHYLACTIC SHOCK?

A. BRONCHODILATION AND VASODILATION

B. BRONCHODILATION AND VASOCONSTRICTION

C. BRONCHOCONSTRICTION AND VASODILATION

D. BRONCHOCONSTRICTION AND VASOCONSTRICTION - ANSWER-

BRONCHOCONSTRICTION AND VASODILATION

IN THE PATIENT WITH DIABETES, HYPOGLYCEMIA TYPICALLY PRESENTS WITH

A. DRY SKIN AND A SLOW ONSET

B. DRY SKIN AND A RAPID ONSET

C. CLAMMY SKIN AND A SLOW ONSET

D. CLAMMY SKIN AND A RAPID ONSET - ANSWER-CLAMMY SKIN AND A RAPID

ONSET

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING SIGNS WOULD LEAST SUGGEST A DIABETIC

EMERGENCY?

A. BRADYCARDIA

B. TACHYCARDIA

C. COMBATIVENESS

D. FRUITY BREATH ODOR - ANSWER-BRADYCARDIA

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING PATIENTS WOULD BE AT MOST RISK FOR SUICIDE?

A. A WOMAN WHO QUIT HER JOB FOR ONE THAT PAYS MORE

B. A MAN WHO IS IN THE MIDST OF LOSING A SIGNIFICANT RELATIONSHIP

C. A MAN WHO IS PLANNING A FAMILY TRIP, BUT GETS CALLED AWAY TO WORK

D. AN EMT WHO SAVED A DROWNING CHILD AND RECEIVES A LOT OF MEDIA

ATTENTION - ANSWER-A MAN WHO IS IN THE MIDST OF LOSING A SIGNIFICANT

RELATIONSHIP

A MIDDLE-AGED WOMAN HAS ACUTE SHORTNESS OF BREATH AND

RESPIRATIONS OF 30 BREATH/MIN. HOW SHOULD YOU FIRST MANAGE THIS

PATIENT?

A. ASSESS RESPIRATORY QUALITY

B. BEGIN ASSISTING VENTILATIONS.

C. APPLY SUPPLEMENTAL OXYGEN

D. PERFORM A DETAILED EXAMINATION - ANSWER-ASSESS RESPIRATORY

QUALITY

TO OBTAIN THE MOST RELIABLE ASSESSMENT OF A PATIENT'S TIDAL VOLUME,

YOU SHOULD

A. ASSESS FOR RETRACTIONS

B. LISTEN FOR AIRWAY NOISES

C. COUNT THE RESPIRATORY RATE

D. LOOK AT THE RISE OF THE CHEST - ANSWER-LOOK AT THE RISE OF THE CHEST

AS YOU ARE PERFORMING CPR ON AN ELDERLY MAN, HIS WIFE PRESENTS YOU

WITH A "DO NOT RESUSCITATE" ORDER. YOUR MOST APPROPRIATE COURSE OF

ACTION IS TO

A. IGNORE THE DOCUMENT AND CONTINUE THE CPR

B. COMPLY WITH THE DOCUMENT AND STOP CPR

C. CONTINUE CPR UNTIL MEDICAL CONTROL IS NOTIFIED

D. WITHHOLD CPR UNTIL MEDICAL CONTROL VALIDATES THE ORDER - ANSWER-

CONTINUE CPR UNTIL MEDICAL CONTROL IS NOTIFIED

A 5 YEAR OLD BOY COMPLAINS OF PAIN TO THE RIGHT LOWER QUADRANT OF HIS

ABDOMEN. CORRECT ASSESSMENT OF THIS CHILD'S ABDOMEN INCLUDES

A. AVOIDING PALPATION OF THE ABDOMEN

B. PALPATING THE LEFT UPPER QUADRANT FIRST

C. AUSCULTATING BOWEL SOUNDS FOR 2 MINUTES

D. PALPATING THE RIGHT LOWER QUADRANT FIRST - ANSWER-PALPATING THE

LEFT UPPER QUADRANT FIRST

IN MOST STATES; THE EMT-BASIC IS REQUIRED TO REPORT WHICH OF THE

FOLLOWING OCCURRENCES?

A. ANIMAL BITE

B. DRUG OVERDOSE

C. INJURY TO A MINOR

D. MOTOR VEHICLE CRASH - ANSWER-ANIMAL BITE

A SET OF REGULATIONS AND ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS THAT DEFINE THE

EXTENT OR LIMITS OF AN EMT-BASIC'S JOB IS CALLED

A. A DUTY TO ACT

B. CONFIDENTIALITY

C. SCOPE OF PRACTICE

D. THE MEDICAL PRACTICES ACT (??? CAN'T READ THIS FOR SURE) - ANSWER-

SCOPE OF PRACTICE

A 9-YEAR-OLD GIRL WAS STRUCK BY A CAR WHILE SHE WAS CROSSING THE

STREET AND IS DISPLAYING SIGNS OF SHOCK. DURING YOUR ASSESSMENT, YOU

NOTE A LARGE CONTUSION OVER THE LEFT UPPER QUADRANT OF HER

ABDOMEN. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING ORGANS HAS MOST LIKELY BEEN

INJURED?

A. LIVER

B. KIDNEY

C. SPLEEN

D. PANCREAS - ANSWER-SPLEEN

THE AUTOMATED EXTERNAL DEFIBRILLATOR (AED) SHOULD NOT BE USED IN

PATIENTS WHO

A. ARE BETWEEN 1 AND 8 YEARS OF AGE

B. EXPERIENCED A WITNESSED CARDIAC ARREST

C. ARE APNEIC AND HAVE A WEAK CAROTID PULSE

D. HAVE A NITROGLYCERIN PATCH APPLIED TO THE SKIN - ANSWER-ARE APNEIC

AND HAVE A WEAK CAROTID PULSE

AS YOU STEP OUT OF THE AMBULANCE AT THE SCENE OF A NIGHTTIME MOTOR

VEHICLE CRASH ON THE HIGHWAY, YOUR IMMEDIATE CONCERN SHOULD BE

A. ONCOMING TRAFFIC

B. WHETHER THE CAR WILL CATCH ON FIRE

C. PLACING SAFETY FLARES BY THE AMBULANCE

D. QUICK ASSESSMENT OF THE PATIENTS IN THE CAR - ANSWER-ONCOMING

TRAFFIC

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING ACTIONS SHOULD BE CARRIED OUT DURING THE

INITIAL ASSESSMENT OF AN UNCONSCIOUS PATIENT?

A. ASSESSING THE SKIN

B. PALPATING THE CRANIUM

C. AUSCULTATING THE LUNGS

D. OBTAINING A BLOOD PRESSURE - ANSWER-ASSESSING THE SKIN

YOU ARRIVE AT THE SCENE SHORTLY AFTER A 55-YEAR-OLD MAN COLLAPSED.

TWO BYSTANDERS ARE PERFORMING CPR. THE MAN'S WIFE STATES THAT HE HAD

CARDIAC BY-PASS SURGERY APPROXIMATELY 6 MONTHS EARLIER. THERE ARE NO

SIGNS OF TRAUMA. YOUR FIRST ACTION IN THE MANAGEMENT OF THIS PATIENT

SHOULD BE TO

A. ATTACH AN AED AND ANALYZE THE CARDIAC RHYTHM.

B. CHECK THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE CPR IN PROGRESS.

C. INSERT AN OROPHARYNGEAL AIRWAY AND CONTINUE CPR

D. STOP CPR SO YOU CAN ASSESS PULSE AND BREATHING - ANSWER-STOP CPR SO

YOU CAN ASSESS PULSE AND BREATHING

YOU ARRIVE AT THE SCENE SHORTLY AFTER A 55-YEAR-OLD MAN COLLAPSED.

TWO BYSTANDERS ARE PERFORMING CPR. THE MAN'S WIFE STATES THAT HE HAD

CARDIAC BY-PASS SURGERY APPROXIMATELY 6 MONTHS EARLIER. THERE ARE NO

SIGNS OF TRAUMA. CARDIAC ARREST IN THE ADULT POPULATION IS MOST OFTEN

THE RESULT OF

A. AN ACUTE STROKE

B. RESPIRATORY FAILURE

C. CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS

D. MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION - ANSWER-CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS

YOU ARRIVE AT THE SCENE SHORTLY AFTER A 55-YEAR-OLD MAN COLLAPSED.

TWO BYSTANDERS ARE PERFORMING CPR. THE MAN'S WIFE STATES THAT HE HAD

CARDIAC BY-PASS SURGERY APPROXIMATELY 6 MONTHS EARLIER. THERE ARE NO

SIGNS OF TRAUMA. AFTER YOU ATTACH THE AED AND ANALYZE THIS PATIENT'S

HEART RHYTHM, THE MACHINE STATES, "SHOCK ADVISED." WHAT CARDIAC

RHYTHM IS THE PATIENT MOST LIKELY IN?

A. ASYSTOLE

B. VENTRICULAR FIBRILLATION

C. VENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA

D. PULSELESS ELECTRICAL ACTIVITY - ANSWER-VENTRICULAR FIBRILLATION

IMMEDIATELY UPON DELIVERY OF A NEWBORN'S HEAD, YOU SHOULD FIRST

A. DRY THE FACE

B. COVER THE EYES

C. SUCTION THE NOSE

D. SUCTION THE MOUTH - ANSWER-SUCTION THE MOUTH

YOU ASSESS A NEWBORN WITH CYANOSIS TO THE CHEST AND FACE AND A HEART

RATE OF 90 BEATS/MIN. WHAT SHOULD YOU DO NEXT?

A. RESUCTION THE MOUTH.

B. BRISKLY DRY OFF THE INFANT.

C. BEGIN CHEST COMPRESSIONS

D. BEGIN ARTIFICIAL VENTILATIONS - ANSWER-BEGIN ARTIFICIAL VENTILATIONS

AN EMT-B'S FAILURE TO OBTAIN CONSENT TO TREAT A PATIENT COULD RESULT

IN ALLEGATIONS OF

A. BATTERY

B. NEGLIGENCE

C. ABANDONMENT

D. BREACH OF DUTY - ANSWER-BATTERY

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING DESCRIBE THE MOST APPROPRIATE METHOD OF

PERFORMING CHEST COMPRESSIONS ON AN ADULT PATIENT IN CARDIAC

ARREST?

A. COMPRESS THE CHEST TO A DEPTH OF 1 1/2" TO 2", ALLOW FULL RECOIL OF

THE CHEST AFTER EACH COMPRESSION, MINIMIZE INTERRUPTIONS IN CHEST

COMPRESSIONS.

B. ALLOW FULL RECOIL OF THE CHEST AFTER EACH COMPRESSION, COMPRESS

THE CHEST TO A DEPTH OF 2", DELIVER COMPRESSIONS AT A RATE OF AT LEAST

80/MIN

C. DO NOT INTERRUPT CHEST COMPRESSIONS FOR ANY REASON, COMPRESS THE

CHEST TO A DEPTH OF 1 1/2" TO 2", ALLOW PARTIAL RECOIL OF THE CHEST AFTER

EACH COMPRESSION

D. MINIMIZE INTERRUPTIONS IN CHEST COMPRESSIONS, PROVIDE 70%

COMPRESSION TIME AND 30% RELAXATION TIME, DELIVER COMPRESSIONS AT A

RATE OF 100/MIN - ANSWER-COMPRESS THE CHEST TO A DEPTH OF 1 1/2" TO 2",

ALLOW FULL RECOIL OF THE CHEST AFTER EACH COMPRESSION, MINIMIZE

INTERRUPTIONS IN CHEST COMPRESSIONS

PREVENTION OF CARDIAC ARREST IN INFANTS AND SMALL CHILDREN SHOULD

FOCUS PRIMARILY ON

A. KEEPING THE CHILD WARM

B. AVOIDING UPSETTING THE CHILD

C. PROVIDING IMMEDIATE TRANSPORT

D. PROVIDING AIRWAY MANAGEMENT - ANSWER-PROVIDING AIRWAY

MANAGEMENT

YOU ARE MANAGING A CONSCIOUS PATIENT WHO YOU BELIEVE IS HAVING AN

ACUTE ISCHEMIC STROKE. AFTER ADMINISTERING OXYGEN, YOUR NEXT PRIORITY

SHOULD INCLUDE:

A. PROVIDING PROMPT TRANSPORT FOR POSSIBLE FIBRINOLYTIC THERAPY.

B. DETERMINING WHETHER THE PATIENT HAS PRESCRIBED NITROGLYCERIN

C. CLOSELY MONITORING THE BLOOD PRESSURE

D. COMPLETING A DETAILED PHYSICAL EXAMINATION BEFORE PROVIDING

TRANSPORT. - ANSWER-PROVIDING PROMPT TRANSPORT FOR POSSIBLE

FIBRINOLYTIC THERAPY.

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING PATIENTS WITH DIABETES SHOULD RECEIVE ORAL

GLUCOSE?

A. A CONFUSED PATIENT WHO HAS COOL, CLAMMY SKIN

B. A CONFUSED PATIENT WHO HAS SUSPECTED

C. A SEMICONSCIOUS PATIENT WITH PALE SKIN

D. AN UNCONSCIOUS PATIENT WHO TOOK TOO MUCH INSULIN - ANSWER-A

CONFUSED PATIENT WHO HAS COOL, CLAMMY SKIN

DURING A BAR FIGHT, A 22-YEAR OLD MAN WAS STABBED IN THE CHEST WITH A

LARGE KNIFE. THE PATIENT IS PULSELESS AND APNEIC, AND THE KNIFE IS

IMPALED IN THE CENTER OF HIS CHEST. MANAGEMENT SHOULD INCLUDE

A. STABILIZING THE KNIFE, STARTING CPR, AND PROVIDING RAPID TRANSPORT

B. STABILIZING THE KNIFE, APPLYING AN OCCLUSIVE DRESSING AND PROVIDING

RAPID TRANSPORT

C. REMOVING THE KNIFE, STARTING CPR, AND PROVIDING RAPID TRANSPORT

D. REMOVING THE KNIFE, APPLYING AN OCCLUSIVE DRESSING, AND PROVIDING

RAPID TRANSPORT. - ANSWER-REMOVING THE KNIFE, STARTING CPR, AND

PROVIDING RAPID TRANSPORT

IN WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING PATIENTS WOULD NITROGLYCERIN BE

CONTRAINDICATED?

A. 41-YEAR-OLD MALE WITH CRUSHING CHEST PRESSURE, A BLOOD PRESSURE OF

160/90 MM HG, AND SEVER NAUSEA

B. 53-YEAR OLD MALE WITH CHEST DISCOMFORT, DIAPHORESIS, A BLOOD

PRESSURE OF 146/66 MM HG, AND REGULAR USE OF CIALIS

C. 58-YEAR OLD MALE WITH CHEST PAIN RADIATING TO THE LEFT ARM, A BLOOD

PRESSURE OF 130/64 MM HG, AND PRESCRIBED TEGRETOL

D. 66-YEAR-OLD FEMALE WITH CHEST PRESSURE OF 6 HOURS' DURATIONI,

LIGHTHEADEDNESS, AND A BLOOD PRESSURE OF 110/58 MM HG - ANSWER-53-

YEAR OLD MALE WITH CHEST DISCOMFORT, DIAPHORESIS, A BLOOD PRESSURE

OF 146/66 MM HG, AND REGULAR USE OF CIALIS

FIREFIGHTERS HAVE RESCUED A MAN FROM HIS BURNING HOUSE. HE IS

CONSCIOUS AND IN CONSIDERABLE RESPIRATORY DISTRESS. HE HAS A BRASSY

COUGH AND SINGED NASAL HAIRS. THE MOST IMMEDIATE THREAT TO THIS

PATIENT'S LIFE IS

A. HYPOTHERMIA

B. SEVERE BURNS

C. SEVER INFECTION

D. CLOSURE OF THE AIRWAY - ANSWER-CLOSURE OF THE AIRWAY

YOU RESPOND TO A CALL FOR A SHOOTING AT A LOCAL BAR. YOU ARRIVE AT THE

SCENE AND FIND A YOUNG MAN SITTING AGAINST THE WALL, SCREAMING IN

PAIN, WITH BRIGHT RED BLOOD SPURTING FROM A WOUND NEAR HIS GROIN.

WHAT SHOULD YOU DO FIRST?

A. ENSURE AN OPEN AIRWAY

B. ADMINISTER 100% OXYGEN

C. APPLY PRESSURE TO THE WOUND

D. TRANSPORT THE PATIENT AT ONCE. - ANSWER-APPLY PRESSURE TO THE

WOUND

PATIENTS WITH CLOSED HEAD INJURIES OFTEN HAVE PUPILLARY CHANGES AND

A. PARALYSIS

B. PARESTHESIA

C. HYPERTENSION

D. TACHYCARDIA - ANSWER-HYPERTENSION

WHEN ASSESSING A PATIENT WITH A REDUCTION IN TIDAL VOLUME, YOU

WOULD EXPECT THE RESPIRATIONS TO BE

A. DEEP

B. LABORED

C. SHALLOW

D. DYSPNEIC - ANSWER-SHALLOW

PRIOR TO APPLYING A NONREBREATHING MASK ON A PATIENT WITH DIFFICULT

BREATHING YOU SHOULD

A. SET THE FLOW RATE TO NO MORE THAN 10 L/MIN.

B. PREFILL THE RESERVOIR BAG TO ENSURE DELIVERY OF 100% OXYGEN

C. INSERT A NASOPHARYNGEAL AIRWAY TO MAINTAIN AIRWAY PATENCY.

D. PERFORM A COMPLETE PHYSICAL EXAMINATION TO DETERMINE THE DEGREE

OF HYPOXIA. - ANSWER-PREFILL THE RESERVOIR BAG TO ENSURE DELIVERY OF

100% OXYGEN

A 60-YEAR-OLD WOMAN IS EXPERIENCING SEVERE RESPIRATORY DISTRESS. WHEN

YOU ASK HER A QUESTION, SHE CAN ONLY SAY TWO WORDS AT A TIME. YOU

SHOULD MANAGE THIS PATIENT BY

A. INSERTING A NASOPHARYNGEAL AIRWAY

B. PROVIDING POSITIVE PRESSURE VENTILATIONS.

C. APPLYING A NASAL CANNULA SET AT 2 TO 6 L/MIN.

D. APPLYING A NONREBREATHING MASK SET AT 15 L/MIN. - ANSWER-PROVIDING

POSITIVE PRESSURE VENTILATIONS.

THE MOST EFFECTIVE METHOD FOR DETERMINING WHETHER YOU ARE

PROVIDING ADEQUATE ARTIFICIAL VENTILATION IS

A. ASSESSING THE CHEST FOR ADEQUATE RISE

B. ASSESSING THE PULSE FOR A IMPROVING HEART RATE

C. CHECKING THE PUPILS FOR INCREASED REACTIVITY

D. CHECKING THE SKIN FOR IMPROVEMENT OF CYANOSIS - ANSWER-ASSESSING

THE CHEST FOR ADEQUATE RISE

YOU ARE ADMINISTERING OXYGEN TO A WOMAN WITH ASTHMA WHO TOOK

TWO PUFFS OF HER PRESCRIBED INHALER WITHOUT RELIEF PRIOR TO YOUR

ARRIVAL. YOUR NEXT ACTION SHOULD BE TO

A. CONTACT MEDICAL CONTROL FOR FURTHER ADVICE

B. ADMINISTER ONE MORE PUFF FROM THE INHALER

C. PROVIDE IMMEDIATE TRANSPORT TO THE HOSPITAL

D. CONFIRM THAT HER INHALER IS PRESCRIBED TO HER - ANSWER-CONTACT

MEDICAL CONTROL FOR FURTHER ADVICE

UNCONSCIOUSNESS, SHALLOW BREATHING, AND CONSTRICTED PUPILS ARE

MOST INDICATIVE OF WHAT TYPE OF DRUG OVERDOSE?

A. NARCOTIC

B. MARIJUANA

C. BARBITURATE

D. AMPHETAMINE - ANSWER-NARCOTIC

WHEN DEALING WITH AN EMOTIONALLY DISTURBED PATIENT, YOU SHOULD BE

CONCERNED WITH

A. PROVIDING SAFE TRANSPORT

B. WHETHER THE PATIENT COULD HARM YOU

C. OBTAINING A COMPLETE MEDICAL HISTORY

D. GATHERING ALL OF THE PATIENT'S MEDICATIONS - ANSWER-WHETHER THE

PATIENT COULD HARM YOU

DURING YOUR INITIAL ASSESSMENT OF AN UNCONSCIOUS ADULT PATIENT, YOU

FIND THE PATIENT IS APNEIC. YOU SHOULD NEXT

A. ASSESS FOR A CAROTID PULSE

B. BEGIN CHEST COMPRESSIONS

C. DELIVER TWO RESCUE BREATHS

D. PLACE AN OROPHARYNGEAL AIRWAY - ANSWER-DELIVER TWO RESCUE

BREATHS

A 6 YEAR OLD MALE, WHO WEIGHS 40 POUNDS, INGESTED A BOTTLE OF ASPIRIN

APPROXIMATELY 20 MINUTES AGO. MEDICAL CONTROL ORDERS YOU TO

ADMINISTER ACTIVATED CHARCOAL IN A DOSE OF 1 G/KG. HOW MUCH

ACTIVATED CHARCOAL WILL YOU ADMINISTER?

A. 12 G

B. 14 G

C. 18 G

D. 24 G - ANSWER-18 G

UPON DELIVERY OF A BABY'S HEAD, YOU SEE THAT THE UMBILICAL CORD IS

WRAPPED AROUND ITS NECK. YOU SHOULD MANAGE THIS SITUATION INITIALLY

BY

A. CLAMPING AND CUTTING THE UMBILICAL CORD

B. GENTLY PULLING ON THE CORD TO FACILITATE REMOVAL

C. TRYING TO REMOVE THE CORD FROM AROUND THE NECK.

D. KEEPING THE CORD MOIST AND PROVIDING RAPID TRANSPORT - ANSWER-

TRYING TO REMOVE THE CORD FROM AROUND THE NECK.

YOU ARRIVE AT THE SCENE SHORTLY AFTER A 3-YEAR OLD FEMALE EXPERIENCED

A SEIZURE. THE CHILD, WHO IS BEING HELD BY HER MOTHER, IS CONSCIOUS AND

CRYING. THE MOTHER TELLS YOU THAT HER DAUGHTER HAS BEEN ILL RECENTLY

AND HAS A TEMPERATURE OF 102.5 DEGREES F. WHAT IS THE MOST

APPROPRIATE TREATMENT FOR THIS CHILD?

A. OXYGEN VIA PEDIATRIC NONREBREATHING MASK, PLACE THE CHILD IN A TUB

OF COLD WATER TO LOWER HER BODY TEMPERATURE, AND TRANSPORT

B. OXYGEN VIA THE BOY-BY TECHNIQUE, REMOVE CLOTHING AND COOL THE

CHILD WITH TOWELS SOAKED IN TEPID WATER, AND TRANSPORT.

C. OXYGEN VIA PEDIATRIC NONREBREATHING MASK, AVOID ANY MEASURES TO

LOWER THE CHILD'S BODY TEMPERATURE, AND TRANSPORT AT ONCE.

D. OXYGEN VIA THE BLOW-BY TECHNIQUE, TRANSPORT AT ONCE AND REQUEST A

PARAMEDIC RENDEZVOUS SO THAT AN ANTICONVULSANT DRUG CAN BE GIVEN -

ANSWER-OXYGEN VIA THE BOY-BY TECHNIQUE, REMOVE CLOTHING AND COOL

THE CHILD WITH TOWELS SOAKED IN TEPID WATER, AND TRANSPORT.

YOU RECEIVE A CALL TO A LOCAL DAYCARE CENTER FOR A 3-YEAR OLD BOY WHO

IS NOT BREATHING. WHEN YOU ARRIVE AND ASSESS THE CHILD, YOU FIND HIM

TO BE IN CARDIOPULMONARY ARREST. YOU INITIATE CPR AND REQUEST A BACK-

UP AMBULANCE. AS YOU ARE PERFORMING ONE-RESCUER CPR, YOUR PARTNER

PREPARES THE AED. THE APPROPRIATE COMPRESSION TO VENTILATION RATIO

FOR THIS CHILD IS

A. 3:1

B. 5:1

C. 15:2

D. 30:2 - ANSWER-30:2

YOU RECEIVE A CALL TO A LOCAL DAYCARE CENTER FOR A 3-YEAR OLD BOY WHO

IS NOT BREATHING. WHEN YOU ARRIVE AND ASSESS THE CHILD, YOU FIND HIM

TO BE IN CARDIOPULMONARY ARREST. YOU INITIATE CPR AND REQUEST A BACK-

UP AMBULANCE. AFTER ATTACHING THE AED, YOU PUSH THE ANALYZE BUTTON

AND RECEIVE A "SHOCK ADVISED" MESSAGE. AFTER DELIVERING THE SHOCK, YOU

SHOULD

A. ASSESS FOR A CAROTID PULSE

B. IMMEDIATELY PERFORM CPR

C. REANALYZE THE CARDIAC RHYTHM

D. OPEN THE AIRWAY AND VENTILATE - ANSWER-IMMEDIATELY PERFORM CPR

YOU RECEIVE A CALL TO A LOCAL DAYCARE CENTER FOR A 3-YEAR OLD BOY WHO

IS NOT BREATHING. WHEN YOU ARRIVE AND ASSESS THE CHILD, YOU FIND HIM

TO BE IN CARDIOPULMONARY ARREST. YOU INITIATE CPR AND REQUEST A BACK-

UP AMBULANCE. A PARAMEDIC UNIT ARRIVES AT THE SCENE TO PROVIDE

ASSISTANCE. AFTER ONE OF THE PARAMEDICS INTUBATES THE CHILD, YOU

SHOULD DELIVER VENTILATIONS AT A RATE OF

A. 6 TO 8 BREATHS/MIN

B. 8 TO 10 BREATHS/MIN

C. 10 TO 12 BREATHS/MIN

D. 12 TO 20 BREATHS/MIN. - ANSWER-8 TO 10 BREATHS/MIN

YOU RECEIVE A CALL TO A LOCAL DAYCARE CENTER FOR A 3-YEAR OLD BOY WHO

IS NOT BREATHING. WHEN YOU ARRIVE AND ASSESS THE CHILD, YOU FIND HIM

TO BE IN CARDIOPULMONARY ARREST. YOU INITIATE CPR AND REQUEST A BACK-

UP AMBULANCE. IN INFANTS AND CHILDREN, THE MOST DETRIMENTAL EFFECT

OF GASTRIC DISTENTION IS

A. INCREASED EASE OF VENTILATIONS

B. DECREASED VENTILATORY VOLUME

C. ACUTE RUPTURE OF THE DIAPHRAGM

D. LESS EFFECTIVE CHEST COMPRESSIONS - ANSWER-DECREASED VENTILATORY

VOLUME

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING PARAMETERS WOULD BE MOST RELIABLE AS AN

INDICATOR OF PERFUSION IN A 1 YEAR OLD CHILD?

A. HEART RATE

B. CAPILLARY REFILL

C. BLOOD PRESSURE

D. RESPIRATORY RAE - ANSWER-CAPILLARY REFILL

WHILE MANAGING A PATIENT WITH ACUTE SHORTNESS OF BREATH, YOU

PREPARE AND APPLY A NONREBREATHING MASK SET AT 12 L/MIN. THE PATIENT

PULLS THE MASK AWAY FROM HIS FACE, STATING THAT IT IS SMOTHERING HIM.

YOU SHOULD NEXT

A. INCREASE THE OXYGEN FLOW AND REAPPLY THE MASK

B. SECURELY TAPE THE OXYGEN MASK TO THE PATIENT'S FACE

C. REASSURE THE PATIENT AND APPLY A NASAL CANNULA INSTEAD

D. INFORM THE PATIENT THAT REFUSING OXYGEN MIGHT RESULT IN HIS DEATH -

ANSWER-REASSURE THE PATIENT AND APPLY A NASAL CANNULA INSTEAD

SIGNS OF INADEQUATE BREATHING IN AN UNCONSCIOUS PATIENT INCLUDE

A. A FAST HEART RATE

B. WARM, MOIST SKIN

C. EQUAL BREATH SOUNDS

D. A RAPID RESPIRATORY RATE - ANSWER-A RAPID RESPIRATORY RATE

INITIAL ATTEMPTS AT PROVIDING ARTIFICIAL VENTILATION SHOULD BE

ACCOMPLISHED USING

A. THE ONE-PERSON BAG VALVE MASK TECHNIQUE

B. THE TWO-PERSON BAG VALVE MASK TECHNIQUE

C. A POCKET MASK WITH SUPPLEMENTAL OXYGEN

D. A FLOW-RESTRICTED OXYGEN-POWERED VENTILATION DEVICE - ANSWER-A

POCKET MASK WITH SUPPLEMENTAL OXYGEN

THE MOST EFFECTIVE MEANS OF PREVENTING THE SPREAD OF DISEASE IS

A. EFFECTIVE HANDWASHING

B. UP-TO-DATE IMMUNIZATIONS

C. WEARING GLOVES WITH ALL PATIENTS

D. WEARING A MASK WITH ALL PATIENTS - ANSWER-EFFECTIVE HANDWASHING

YOU HAVE COMPLETED YOUR PREHOSPITAL CARE REPORT AND LEFT A COPY AT

THE HOSPITAL WHEN YOU REALIZE THAT YOU FORGOT TO DOCUMENT A

PERTINENT FINDING ON THE FRONT OF THE REPORT. YOUR MOST APPROPRIATE

ACTION WOULD BE TO

A. ATTACH AN ADDENDUM TO THE ORIGINAL RUN REPORT.

B. WRITE THE INFORMATION ON THE ORIGINAL RUN REPORT.

C. COMPLETE A NEW RUN REPORT AND ADD THE INFORMATION.

D. TAKE NO ACTION AND REPORT THE EVENT TO YOUR SUPERVISOR - ANSWER-

ATTACH AN ADDENDUM TO THE ORIGINAL RUN REPORT