Emergency Medical Procedures and Treatments, Exams of Medicine

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AEMT Comprehensive Final Exam Questions with Answers

1. Following insertion of a needle into a patient's skin to administer an intra- muscular injection, you pull back on the plunger and note the presence of blood in the syringe. You should: A. advance the needle 1 cm further and administer the drug. B. slightly withdraw the needle and administer the drug. C. remove the needle and apply pressure to the site. D. administer the medication since this is a normal finding.: C. remove the needle and apply pressure to the site.

2. A 70-year-old man presents with generalized weakness and dizziness. His blood pressure is 110/70 mm Hg when he is sitting, 96/56 mm Hg when he is standing. His heart rate is 120 beats/min and his skin is flushed and dry. What is the MOST likely cause of this patient's signs and symptoms?: Dehydration 3.How many grams are present in 25 mL of 50% dextrose (D 50)?: 12.5g
3. During an attempted resuscitation from cardiac arrest, the patient inadver- tently receives too much sodium bicarbonate. This would result in:: metabolic alkalosis 5. You are dispatched to a residence for a 4-year-old male who is not breathing. When you and your partner arrive at the scene, you find the child's father is performing mouth-to-mouth rescue breathing on him. The father tells you that his son stuck a pin in an electrical socket. After assessing the child and determining that he is pulseless and apneic, you should:: begin CPR and apply the AED as soon as possible
4. You receive an order from medical control to start an IV of lactated ringers and administer 150 mL/hr. Using macrodrip (15 gtts/mL) tubing, how many drops per minute will you set the flow rate at?: 38
5. You have a prefilled syringe containing 25g of dextrose in 50 mL of volume. How many milligrams of dextrose are present in each milliliter?: 500mg
6. If you have an epinephrine concentration of 0.1 mg/mL, how many mil- ligrams would be present in 5 mL?: 0.
7. A 44-year-old man is experiencing a ventricular dysrhythmia. Medical con- trol orders your paramedic partner to administer 1.5 mg/kg of lidocaine to the patient, who weighs 185 pounds. Lidocaine is supplied in a concentration of 100 mg/10mL. How many milliliters should your partner

administer to this patient?: 12.6 mL 10.A 70-year-old male with a history of esophageal cancer is unresponsive with slow, shallow respirations. Appropriate airway management for this pa- tient includes:: inserting an oral airway and ventilating with a bag- mask device. 11.A 17-year-old female is experiencing a mild asthma attack. You auscultate her lungs and hear expiratory wheezing. In addition to oxygen, which of the following classifications of medication would be indicated for this patient?: - beta-2 agonist

12. A 66-year-old male with congestive heart failure presents with pulmonary edema and difficulty breathing. His blood pressure is 180/90 mm Hg and his pulse rate is 110 beats/min and irregular. When starting an IV, which of the following, if available, would be MOST appropriate for this patient? A. 14-gauge angiocath B. Intracath C. Butterfly catheter D. Saline lock: D. Saline Lock 13. A microdrip administration set features a small, needle-like orifice inside the drip chamber and delivers: A. 100 gtts/mL. B. 15 gtts/mL. C. 10 gtts/mL. D. 60 gtts/mL.: D. 60 gets/ml 14. When administered to a normally hydrated patient, normal saline will: A. cause fluid to shift into the cell. B. engorge the intracellular space. C. cause fluid to shift out of the cell.

D. stay in the intravascular space.: D. Stay in the intravascular space

15. Which of the following steps for drawing medication from a vial is NOT necessary when drawing medication from an ampule? A. Checking the expiration date and clarity of the drug.

B. Injecting air into the container before withdrawing the drug. C. Expelling air bubbles from the syringe prior to giving the drug. D. Looking at the container to ensure the appropriate concentration.: B. Inject- ing air into the container before withdrawing the drug 16.The narrowest portion of the adult's trachea is the:: glottic opening 17.An AEMT administers 1,000 ml of IV fluid to a patient with severe pul- monary edema and a stable B/P. The pt then develops profound respiratory distress and becomes apneic. What is this situation an example of?: Gross Negligence. 18.Perfusion is defined as: the circulation of oxygenated blood within an organ or tissue in adequate amounts to meet the cells current needs. 19.All of the following can lead to shock (hypoperfusion) Except: Increased venous return to the atrium 20.which of the following Most accurately describes the pathophysiology of angina pectoris: Reversible process in which myocardial oxygen demand exceeds the supply of available oxygen. 21.A 50 year old male fell approx. 20 feet and landed on his left side. He is conscious and alert and denies loss of consciousness. During your assess- ment you note pain and crepitus when palpating the iliac crests. In addition to the potential for spinal injury you should be Most concerned about: Internal hemorrhaging 22.The two goals to achieve when assessing a patients with behavioral emer- gency are to: Identify life-threats and reduce the stress of the situation 23.A patient experiencing status epilepticus: is having a prolonged generalized motor seizure. 24.Which of the following conditions would be LEAST likely to cause an alteration in behavior: Hypertension 25.a 22 year old female was involved in a traumatic incident. She is exhibiting signs of shock, but there are no obvious external signs of trauma. You should suspect bleeding within the: Abdominal cavity 26.A 69 year old female is found to be semiconscious, hypertensive, and bradypneic. You should: Assist ventilations and start an IV to KVO 27.The middle layer of the heart is called: myocardium 28.Blood enters the right atrium of the heart from the: superior and inferior vena cava

29.a 19 year old female presents with severe pain to the left lower quadrant of the abdomen. She is restless, tachypneic and tachycardic. When you inquire about her last menstrual period she tells you that it was approx. 2 months ago. You should suspect: ruptured ectopic pregnancy 30.When a section of the ribs has been fractured, the injured section falls during inspiration and bulges during expiration. This is called: paradoxical chest movement 31.a61 year old female called EMS after suddenly being awakened in the middle of the night with a felling that she was smothering.You arrive to find the pt very apprehensive and restless sitting on the living room couch I obvious respiratory distress. Her BP is 160/90 pulse 110, and irregular, respirations 24 and labored. Auscultation of her lungs reveals diffuse rhonchi in all fields. treatment for this pt should include: continue positive airway pressure and an IV TKO

32. Approximately 2 weeks following a total hip replacement, a 70-year-old female complains of a sudden onset of dyspnea and pleuritic chest pain. Your assessment reveals perioral cyanosis, blood-tinged sputum, and wheezing to the base of her right lung. As your partner applies high-flow oxygen, the patient states that she has a history of hypertension. You should be MOST suspicious of: A. a simple pneumothorax. B. a pulmonary embolism. C. an acute asthma attack. D. acute left heart failure.: B. A pulmonary embolism 33. A 67-year-old male who smokes three packs of cigarettes per day com- plains of a productive cough, chills, and generalized weakness. He is in mild respiratory distress; auscultation of his lungs reveals rhonchi to the lower left lobe. This patient's clinical presentation is MOST consistent with: A. pneumonia. B. emphysema. C. heart failure. D. bronchitis.: A. pneumonia 34. A 60-year-old male presents with shortness of breath and a productive cough of two days' duration. He denies chest pain or any other associated symptoms. Auscultation of his lungs reveals scattered bilateral rhonchi in all fields. His skin is pink, warm, and dry and the pulse oximeter reads 94% on room air. This patient is MOST likely experiencing:

A. bronchitis. B. emphysema. C. acute asthma. D. pneumonia.: A. bronchitis 35.While treating a responsive and alert patient with a serious illness, your partner starts an IV, but does not explain the procedure to the patient. Your partner's inaction MOST accurately constitutes:: battery 36.After being told of the death of her husband, a middle-aged woman asks, "Why are you lying to me?" What stage of the grieving process is this typical of?: denial 37.You respond to a call for a 56-year-old man with a severe headache and nausea. He asks you to take him to a local community hospital. What type of consent has this patient given to you?: Expressed consent 38.You are dispatched for a young male who, according to witnesses, is "not acting right." The patient is found sitting on the ground outside of a grocery store, rocking back and forth. He has blood on his arm from an apparent wound to his wrist. You should:: talk to him as you approach him, but be prepared for him to turn violent. 39.Under which of the following situations would the AEMT NOT have a legal duty to act?: You are off duty and encounter a man in cardiac arrest.

40. You and your team attempted to resuscitate a young male who hung himself in his garage. Despite your best efforts, the patient did not survive. When the medical examiner arrives at the scene, you should: A. Advise the medical examiner that he or she cannot examine the body without your medical director's permission. B. Provide information to the medical examiner, such as the position in which the patient was found upon your arrival. C. Allow the patient's family to spend some time with the body before the medical examiner begins his or her duties. D. Remove any airway adjuncts from the patient before the medical examiner begins his or her examination of the patient.: B. Provide information to the medical examiner, such as the position in which the patient was found upon your arrival

41. In most instances, a valid do not resuscitate (DNR) order must meet which of the following requirements? A. It must be signed by a close relative. B. It must be signed by at least three physicians. C. It must be dated within the previous 24 months. D. It must clearly state the patient's medical condition.: D. It must clearly state the patient's medical condition. 42. The transfer of patient care officially occurs when you: A. Arrive at the receiving hospital or facility. B. Give an oral report to a nurse or physician. C. Advise the hospital of the situation via radio. D. Complete all documentation regarding the call.: B. Give an oral report to a nurse or physician. 43. A 66-year-old female's daughter called EMS because her mother was having chest pain. When you arrive, the patient states that she does not need EMS and will not go to the hospital on her own. The patient is conscious, alert, and oriented and will not sign a refusal form. You should: A. Sign the refusal form yourself and document any care given. B. Have your partner sign the form verifying the patient's refusal. C. Have the daughter sign the form verifying her mother's refusal. D. Advise the patient that the law requires her to sign the refusal form.: C. Have the daughter sign the form verifying her mother's refusal. 44. Which of the following statements regarding methicillin-resistant Staphy- lococcus aureus (MRSA) is correct? A. Most cases of MRSA transmission occur following an accidental needle- stick.

B. MRSA is a bacterium that causes infections and is resistant to most antibiotics. C. The communicable period for MRSA is 10 days to 2 weeks after being infected. D. Studies have shown that less than 1% of health care providers are MRSA carriers.: B. MRSA is a bacterium that causes infections and is resistant to most antibiotics.

45. When assessing a patient with a medical complaint, which of the following would MOST likely reveal the cause of his or her problem? A. History taking B. Rapid body scan C. Baseline vital signs D. Primary assessment: A. History taking 46. The middle, muscular layer of the heart is called the: A. epicardium. B. myocardium. C. pericardium. D. endocardium.: B. myocardium. 47. You are assessing a 45-year-old male who experienced a syncopal episode. He is conscious and alert, and complains only of slight weakness. He denies any medical problems or drug allergies. His blood pressure is 140/90 mm Hg, pulse is 40 beats/min, and respirations are 22 breaths/min. What is the MOST likely cause of this patient's syncopal episode? A. Severe dehydration B. Hypertensive crisis

C. Acute bradycardia D. An acute infection: C. Acute bradycardia

48. You are dispatched to a local convenience store for a 30-year-old male who is actively seizing. Upon your arrival, the patient is confused and combative. This is indicative of the phase. A. tonic B. postictal C. myoclonic D. hypertonic: B. postictal 49. During your assessment of an elderly woman, you note a shunt on her left forearm. This indicates that she: A. has had peritoneal dialysis in the past. B. has had numerous IVs in her forearm. C. receives chemotherapy for cancer. D. receives hemodialysis treatments.: D. receives hemodialysis treatments 50. A 33-year-old female complains of acute intense pain in both lower abdom- inal quadrants. She is conscious and alert, tachycardic, and has a fever of 102.5ºF. You should suspect: A. acute bacterial cystitis. B. a ruptured ectopic pregnancy. C. pelvic inflammatory disease. D. a bacterial urinary tract infection.: C. pelvic inflammatory disease 51. A 19-year-old female presents with severe pain to the left lower quadrant of her abdomen. She is restless, tachypneic, and tachycardic. When you inquire about her last menstrual period, she tells you that it was

approximately 2 months ago. You should suspect:

A. a ruptured ectopic pregnancy. B. pelvic inflammatory disease. C. acute abruption of the placenta. D. acute rupture of an ovarian cyst.: A. a ruptured ectopic pregnancy

52. A 56-year-old male complains of pain to the right upper quadrant of his abdomen and pain to his right shoulder; however, he denies pain in between his abdomen and shoulder. This is characteristic of: A. colic pain. B. referred pain. C. radiating pain. D. splenic irritation.: B. referred pain 53.Epinephrine Class: Sympathomimetic