Emergency Medical Procedures and Treatments, Exams of Nursing

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JB LEARNING: EMT FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS

AND ANSWERS (GRADED A+)

A patient who has experienced a back injury, with or without spinal cord

damage, would be triaged with a tag during a mass-casualty incident -

ANSWER-yellow

A 4-year-old, 15-kg male ingested an unknown quantity of

acetaminophenThe child's mother (Tylenol). states that she does not know when the ingestion

occurred.child is conscious The and alert and in no apparent distress. The EMT should: -

ANSWER-administer 15 g of activated

charcoal.

An unconscious patient found in a prone position must be placed in a supine

positioncase he orin she: - ANSWER-requires

CPR

Following delivery of a pulseless and apneic infant who has a foul odor, skin

sloughing,and diffuse blistering, you should: - ANSWER-Provide emotional support to

the mother

Substance abuse is MOST accurately defined as: - ANSWER-knowingly

misusing a substance to produce a desired

effect.

Both areas of the pons are sued to: - ANSWER-augment respiration during

physicalemotional or

stress

A transient ischemia attack (TIA) occurs when: - ANSWER-a small clot in a

cerebralartery causes temporary

symptoms.

A decrease in blood pressure may indicate: - ANSWER-a loss of

vascular tone

Ketone production is the result of: - ANSWER-fat metabolization when

glucoseunavailabl is

e.

A partial-thickness burn involves the outer layer of skin and a portion of the:

• dermal ANSWER-

layer

A young female experienced a laceration to her left eyeball from flying

glassboyfriend when broke her a soda bottle against a wall. There is moderate bleeding and

thestates patient that she cannot see out of the injured eye. You should: - ANSWER-

avoid applying pressure to the globe when you are covering

the eye.

At rest, the normal adult heart rate should not exceed: - ANSWER- 100

beats/min

Delivering a patient to the hospital involves all of the following activities,

EXCEPT:ANSWER- - giving a verbal report to the

clerk

Common names for activated charcoal include all of the following,

EXCEPT: -

ANSWER-

Fructose

As the bronchus divides into smaller bronchioles, the terminal ends of

thesepassages smaller form the: - ANSWER-

alveoli

Common signs and symptoms of AMI include all of the following EXCEPT: -

ANSWER-pain exacerbated by

breathing

Breathing occurs as the result of a(n): - ANSWER-increase in carbon

dioxide, which decreases the pH of the

CSF

During the alert and dispatch phase of EMS communications, the

dispatcher'sresponsibilities include all of the following, EXCEPT: - ANSWER-discouraging

thefrom caller providing care until the EMS unit

arrives

Initial signs and symptoms associated with viral hemorrhagic fevers

include:ANSWER- - headache and sore

throat

Bile is produced by the liver and concentrated and stored in the: - ANSWER-

gallbladder

The MOST appropriate treatment for a patient with a mild upper airway

obstructionincludes: - ANSWER-administering oxygen and transporting

immediately

A 22 year-old female patient is complaining of dyspnea and numbness and

tinglingher hands in and feet after an argument with her fiancé. Her

respirations are 40 breaths/min. You should: - ANSWER-provide reassurance and give oxygen as

needed.

A 37 year-old male is found unresponsive in his car. His airway is

patentrespirations and his are rapid and labored. As you and your partner are assessing

andthe patient,treating a police officer hands you a medication named Alupent, which

he found in the backseat of the patient's car. This medication suggests that the patient

hasof: - aANSWER- history

asthma

A positive TB skin test indicates that: - ANSWER-you have been

exposed to TB

Kussmaul respirations are an indication that the body is: - ANSWER-

attemptingeliminate acids to from the

blood.

A patient with a history of schizophrenia called EMS because he was

experiencingabdominal pain. When law enforcement arrived, the patient

becamenecessitating violent, the placement of handcuffs. When you assess the patient,

hethat tells killing you someone will make his abdominal pain go away. His vital signs

are stable.

How should you manage the situation? - ANSWER-Request a police

officeraccompany to you in the

ambulance.

A blood pressure cuff that is too small for a patient's arm will give a: -

ANSWER-falsely high systolic and diastolic

reading.

A 29 year-old male with a head injury opens his eyes when you speak

toconfused him, is as to the time and date, and is able to move all of his

extremitiescommand. HIs on Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score is: -

ANSWER- 13

A tour bus has overturned, resulting in numerous patients. When you

arrive,immediately you are assigned to assist in the triage process. Patient 1 is a middle-

agedwith respiratory male distress, chest pain, and a closed deformity to his right

forearm. Patient 2 is a young female who is conscious and alert, but has bilateral femur

fracturesnumerous and abrasions to her arms and face. Patient 3 is an older woman who

complainsof abdominal pain and has a history of cardiovascular disease.

Patientunresponsive, 4 is is not breathing, has a weak carotid pulse, and has a grossly

deformedskull. What triage categories should you assign to these patients? - ANSWER-

Patientimmediate 1, (red); Patient 2, delayed (yellow); Patient 3, immediate

(red);expectant Patient 4,

(black)

As an EMT, the performance of your duties will be compared to that of: -

ANSWER-another

EMT

If hydroplaning of the ambulance occurs, the driver should: - ANSWER-

graduallydown without slow jamming on the

brakes.

All of the following biological agents or diseases can be transmitted

fromperson, person EXCEPT: to - ANSWER-

ricin

A 23 year-old male experienced severe head trauma after his motorcycle

collidedan oncoming with truck. He is unconscious, has rapid and shallow

breathing,copious bloody and hassecretion in his mouth. How should you manage his

airway?ANSWER- - Alternate 15 seconds of oral suctioning with 2 minutes of

assisted ventilation

s.

A 38 year-old male was electrocuted while attempting to wire a house. Your

assessmentreveals that he is unresponsive, pulseless and apneic. A coworker has

shutpower off to the the house. You should: - ANSWER-begin CPT and apply

the AED.

A patient is sitting in a chair, leaning forward on his outstretched arms.

Hischin head are thrustand forward. This position indicates that he: - ANSWER-is

experiencingdifficulty

breathing.

Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) typically does NOT affect the: -

ANSWER-urinarybladder

.

Cardiac monitoring, pharmacological interventions, and other advanced

treatmentare functions of skills the: - ANSWER-

AEMT

It would be MOST appropriate from a patient to take his or her prescribed

nitroglycerinwhen experiencing: - ANSWER-chest pain that does not immediately subside

with rest.

Acute pulmonary edema would MOST likely develop as the result of: -

ANSWER-toxicchemical

inhalation

Activities such as walking, talking, and writing are regulated

exclusivelyANSWER-somatic by the: nervous -

system

When the level of arterial carbon dioxide rises above normal: - ANSWER-

respirationsincrease in rate and

depth

An air embolism associated with diving occurs when: - ANSWER-the driver

holdsher breath his or during a rapid

ascent

Most prehospital cardiac arrests occur as the result of: - ANSWER-a

cardiacdysrhythm

ia

A patient is bleeding severely from a severed femoral artery high in the

groinWhich region. of the following would MOST likely control the bleeding? -

ANSWER-apply a topical hemostatic agent with direct

pressure

A patient regains consciousness en route from his office to the emergency

department.The patient tells you that he feels fine and does not want to of to the

hospital.these circumstances, Under you should: - ANSWER-assess whether the

patient's mental condition is

impaired.

Braxton-Hicks contractions are characterized by: - ANSWER-alleviation of

painmovement with or changing

positions

You are transporting a 33 year-old male who has involved in a major

motorcrash. vehicleYou have addressed all immediate and potentially life-threatening

conditionshave stabilized and his condition with the appropriate treatment. With an

estimatedarrival at the time hospital of of 20 minutes, you should: - ANSWER-reassess his

conditionminute in 5

s.

A functional disorder is a: - ANSWER-physiological disorder in the

absencestructural of a

abnormality.

Complications associated with using a manually triggered ventilation

device include: - ANSWER-lung tissue injury and gastric

distention.

A 74 year-old woman complains of heaviness in her chest, nausea, and

sweatingsuddenly thatbegan about an hour ago. She is conscious and alert, but anxious.

Herpressure blood is 144/84 mm Hg and her heart rate is 110 beats/min. She took

twoprescribed of her nitroglycerin (0.4 mg tablets) before you arrival but still feels

heaviness in her chest. You should: - ANSWER-recall that geriatric patients often have slower

absorptionand elimination times, which may necessitate modifications of the

dosingdrugs of certain

.

A 19-year-old male was stung multiple times by fire ants. He is

experiencingsigns and symptoms obvious of anaphylactic shock. You administer high-flow

oxygenhim epinephrine and give via intramuscular injection. Upon reassessment, you

determinecondition has that not his improved. You should: - ANSWER-repeat the epinephrine

injectionafter consulting with medical

control.

after administering activated charcoal to a patient, it is MOST important to:

• be ANSWER- alert for

vomiting

If a woman with vaginal bleeding reports syncope, the EMT must assume

thatANSWER- she: is in-

shock

Aspirin is beneficial to patients suspected of having a heart attack

becauseANSWER- it:prevents - the aggregation of

platelets

A nasopharyngeal airway is inserted: - ANSWER-with the bevel facing the

septum if inserted into the right

nare

A patient with profuse sweating is referred to as being: - ANSWER-

diaphoretic

An unrestrained patient is sitting in his car after an automobile crash. He is

conscious and alert, has no visible trauma, and is complaining of neck and back

pain.removing Before him from his car, you should: - ANSWER-apply a cervical

collarimmobilize and him with a vest-style

device

A 17 year-old male was shot in the right anterior chest during an

altercation. As you partner is applying oxygen you perform a rapid assessment and find an

openwound chest with a small amount of blood bubbling from it. You should: -

ANSWER-occlusive applydressing an to the wound and continue your

assessment

A strangulated hernia is one that: - ANSWER-loses its blood supply due to

compression by local

tissues.

A critical function of the safety officer is to: - ANSWER-stop an emergency

operationwhenever a rescuer is in

danger.

After administering 0.3 mg of epinephrine via auto-injector to a 22-year-old

femalean allergic with reaction, you note improvement in her breathing and dissipation

of her hives.

However, she is still anxious and tachycardic. You should: - ANSWER-

monitorclosely but her recall that anxiery and tachycardia are side effects of

epinephrine

Bacterial vaginosis is a condition that occurs when: - ANSWER-normal

bacteria in the vagina are replaced by an overgrowth of other

bacterial forms

A 39 year-old female experienced a severe closed head injury. She is

unconsciousher eyes slightly with open; her pupils are bilaterally dilated and slow to react. In

additionmanaging to problems with airway, breathing, and circulation, you should: -

ANSWER-close her eyes and cover them with a moist

dressing.

General guidelines for managing a patient with a behavioral

emergencyANSWER-using include: 10 codes - to ensure radio traffic

confidentiality

A portable oxygen cylinder should have a minimum

capacity of

of

oxygen.

- ANSWER- 500

L

Neurogenic shock occurs when: - ANSWER-failure of the nervous

systemwidespread causes

vasodilation.

Covering a

patient's

will significantly minimize radiation heat

loss. -

ANSWER-

head

Situations in which you should use the rapid extrication technique

include all of the following, EXCEPT: - ANSWER-a patient who can be properly assessed while

stillvehicl in the

e

Hyperventilation could be associated with all of the following, EXCEPT: -

ANSWER-narcotic a

overdose

An alert patient presents with a regular pattern of inhalation and exhalation

andsounds breath that are clear and equal on both sides of the chest. These

findingsconsistent are with: - ANSWER-adequate air

exchange.

After assisting your patient with prescribed nitroglycerin, you should -

ANSWER-reassess his or her blood pressure within 5 minutes to detect

hypotension.

A disposable oxygen humidifier should be considered for ambulance services

that often

transport patents

for

hour(s) or more: -

ANSWER- 1

Epinephrine is indicated for patients with an allergic reaction when: -

ANSWER-wheezing and hypotension are

present.

A 40 year-old male crashes his motorcycle into a tree. He is semiconscious,

has snoring respirations, and has a laceration to the forearm with minimal bleeding.

YouANSWER- should:open - his airway with the jaw-thrust

maneuver.

A 15 year-old male was killed when he struck by a car while riding his

bicycle.numerous He disfiguring has injuries and has been placed in the back of the

ambulance to shield him from curious bystanders. When the child's parents arrive at the

scene,demand they to see him. You should: - ANSWER-advise them that their son had

severelydisfiguring injuries and ask them if there is anyone they would like you to

contact first.

In contrast to abruptio placenta, placent previa: - ANSWER-may not present

withvaginal heavy

bleeding.

An appropriate demonstration of professionalism when your patient is

frightened,demanding, or unpleasant is to: - ANSWER-continue to be

nonjudgmental,compassionate, and

respectful.

A 52-year-old male presents with a fever of 102.5°F and a severe

headache.assess him, As you you note the presence of multiple blisters on his face and

chest,all identical which in are shape and size. This patient's clinical presentation is MOST

consistentwith: - ANSWER-

smallpox

Most terrorist attacks: - ANSWER-require multiple terrorists working

together

According to the JumpSTART triage system, if a pediatric patient is not

breathing,should: - ANSWER- you assess for a distal

pulse.

Signs and symptoms of a sympathomimetic drug overdose include: -

ANSWER-tachycardi

a

Your assessment of an unresponsive patient reveals that her breathing is

inadequate.Your MOST immediate action should be to: - ANSWER-check her

airway for obstructio

ns

Aggressive ambulance driving may have a negative effect on other motorists

because:ANSWER- it- may not allow for their reaction time to respond to

your vehicle.

If the incident command system (ICS) is already established at the scene of

aterrorist WMD or attack, the EMT should: - ANSWER-locate the medical staging officer

to obtain his or her

assignment.

A critical incident stress debriefing should be conducted no

more than

hour

s

following the incident. -

ANSWER- 72

A 62 year-old man with a history of congestive heart failure presents

withrespiratory severe distress and an oxygen saturation of 82%. When you

auscultateyou hear widespread his lungs, rales. He is conscious and alert, is able to

follow simple commands, and can only speak in two- to three-word sentences at a time.

You should: -

ANSWER-apply a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) device,

monitorblood pressure, his and observe him for signs of improvement or

deterioration.

A common side effect of nitroglycerin include all of the following, EXCEPT: -

ANSWER-

hypertensi

on

When administering supplemental oxygen to a hypoxemic patient with a

chronicdisease, lung you should: - ANSWER-adjust the flow rate accordingly until you see

symptomimprovement, but be prepared to assist his or her

ventilations.

A 70-year-old man presents with a severe nosebleed. His medical

historyCOPD, depression,includes and a hemorrhagic stroke 3 years ago. His BP is 190/

mmhis pulse Hg, is 100 beats/min, and his respirations are 24 breaths/min. His

medications include albuterol, sertraline (Zoloft), and multivitamins. Which of the

followinglikely causing is MOST his nosebleed today? - ANSWER-High blood

pressure

Age-relating changes in the renal system result in: - ANSWER-a decreased

abilityclear wastes to from the body and a decreased ability to conserve fluids

when needed.

When assessing an unresponsive diabetic patient, the primary visible

differencebetween hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia is the: - ANSWER-rate and

depthbreathin of

g.

A young male is unresponsive after overdosing on an opioid. He is not

breathing and his pulse is weak. The EMT should immediately: - ANSWER-ventilate with

a BVM.

A 40 year-old man is in cardiac arrest. Your partner is performing CPR.

Youattaching are the AED when the patient's wife tells you that he has an implanted

pacemaker.The AED advises that a shock is indicated. What should you do? - ANSWER-

Deliver the shock followed by immediate resumption

of CPR.

During your treatment of a woman in cardiac arrest, you apply the AED,

analyzecardiac rhythm,her and receive a "no shock advised" message. This

indicatesANSWER- shethat: is not - in ventricular

fibrillation.

A ventilation/perfusion (V/Q ratio) mismatch occurs when: - ANSWER-a

disruptionblood flow ininhibits the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs,

eventhe alveoli though are filled with fresh

oxygen.

Common signs and symptoms of acute hyperventilation syndrome include: -

ANSWER-tachypnea and tingling in the

extremities.

A patient who does not respond to your questions, but moves or cries out

whenher trapezius his or muscle is pinched, is said to be: - ANSWER-responsive to

painful stimuli.

According to Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)

regulations,employer must: an - ANSWER-offer a workplace environment that reduces

theexposur risk of

e.

A 50 year-old male presents with an altered mental status. His wife tells you

thata "small he had stroke" 3 years ago but has otherwise been in good health.

Theresponsive patient butis unable to follow commands. After administering oxygen,

youANSWER- should:prepare - for immediate

transport.

Based on current guidelines, in which of the following situations should

supplementoxygen be administered? - ANSWER-Exposure to carbon monoxide and an

oxygensaturation of

95%

At what age does separation anxiety typically peak in infants and small

children?ANSWER- 10 to 18-

months

At a flow rate of 6 L/min, a nasal cannula can deliver an

approximateconcentration oxygen of up to: - ANSWER-

44%

Alkalosis is a condition that occurs when: - ANSWER-blood acidity is

reducedexcessive by

breathing.

A disease vector is defined as: - ANSWER-any agent that acts as a

carriertransport or

er

in general, injected poisons are impossible to dilute or remove

becauseANSWER- they:are usually - absorbed quickly into the

body.

Dyspnea is MOST accurately defined as: - ANSWER-shortness of breath or

difficulty breathin

g.

A 40 year-old male presents with pain to the right upper quadrant of his

abdomen.conscious andHe is alert with stable vital signs. During your assessment, you

note that his skin and sclera are jaundiced. You should suspect: - ANSWER-liver

dysfunction

In the eyes of the court, an incomplete or untidy patient care form indicates:

• inadequate ANSWER- patient care was

administered.

According to the terminal drop hypothesis: - ANSWER-mental function is

presumed to decline in the 5 years preceding

death.

Clinical signs of compensated shock include all of the following, EXCEPT: -

ANSWER-absent peripheral

pulses.

To which of the following diabetic patients should you administer oral

glucose?ANSWER- - A confused 55 year-old male with tachycardia

and pallor

A 22 year-old male with a history of clinical depression called 9-1- 1 and

statedhas attempted that he to kill himself. Your unit and law enforcement officers arrive

atsimultaneously. the scene You find the patient lying supine on the living room

floor. He is unconscious and cyanotic. An empty bottle of hydromorphone (Dilaudid) is

foundadjacent on table.an You should: - ANSWER-open the patient's airway and

assessrespiration his

s.

A utility worker was trimming branches and was electrocuted when he

accidentallyhigh-power line. cut aHe fell approximately 20 feet and is lying unresponsive on

thethe ground;power line is lying across his chest. You should: - ANSWER-rapidly

assesspatient theafter ensuring that the power line is

not live.

A 33-year-old woman who is 36 weeks pregnant is experiencing vaginal

bleeding.During transport, you note that she suddenly becomes diaphoretic,

tachycardic,hypotensive. and You should: - ANSWER-place her in a left lateral

recumbent position

is what you can see of a person's response to the environment. -

ANSWER-Behavi

or

The onset of menstruation usually occurs in women who are: - ANSWER-

betweenand 16 years 11 of

age.

After receiving online orders from medical control to preform a patient care

intervention, you should: - ANSWER-repeat the order to medical control word

for word.

In most instances, you should move a patient on a wheeled ambulance

stretcherANSWER- pushingby: - the head of the stretcher while your partner guides

the foot.

Because the stinger of a honeybee remains in the wound following a sting: -

ANSWER-ca continueit to inject venom for up to 20

minutes.

Common signs and symptoms of acute hyperventilation syndrome include: -

ANSWER-cool, clammy

skin

Functions of the liver include: - ANSWER-secretion of bile and

filtrationsubstance of toxic

s.

According to the National EMS Scope of Practice Model, an EMT should be

able to: - ANSWER-insert a peripheral intravenous

catheter

Factors that contribute to a decline in the vital capacity of an elderly patient

includethe following, all of EXCEPT: - ANSWER-increased surface area available for air

exchange

As the single EMT managing an apneic patient's airway, the preferred initial

methodproviding of ventilations is the: - ANSWER-mouth-to-mouth mask technique

withway a one

valve.

Febrile seizures: - ANSWER-are usually benign but should be

evaluated.

Common side effects of epinephrine include all of the following, EXCEPT: -

ANSWER-drowsines

s

Central chemoreceptors located in the medulla provide feedback to

increaseand depth the of ratebreathing when they sense: - ANSWER-slight increases in

carbonor a decrease dioxide in the pH of the

cerebrospinal fluid.

Chronic renal failure is a condition that: - ANSWER-is often caused by

hypertensiondiabete or

s.

Blood that is ejected from the right ventricle: - ANSWER-flows into the

pulmonaryarterie

s.

Each ovary produces an ovum in alternating months and releases it

intoANSWER- the: - fallopian

tube.

Cardiac output may decrease if the heart beats too rapidly because: -

ANSWER-not enoughthere time is in between contractions for the heart to refill

completely.

Activated charcoal may be indicated for a patient who ingested: -

ANSWER-aspirin

The eyeball itself is referred to as the: -

ANSWER-globe

Before giving activated charcoal, you should: - ANSWER-obtain approval

fromcontro medical

l.

A 25 year-old man overdosed on heroin and is unresponsive. His breathing

isshallow slow and and he is bradycardia. He has track marks on both arms. The EMT

should: - ANSWER-insert a nasal airway and ventilate with a

BVM.

Nerve agents, a class of chemicals called organophosphates, were first

discoveredwhile in search of a superior: - ANSWER-

pesticide.

An infant with a total blood volume of 800 mL would start showing signs of

shock when

as little

as

of blood is lost. - ANSWER- 100

mL

In contrast to AMI, a dissecting aortic aneurysm: - ANSWER-often presents

withthat ispain maximal from the

onset

Shortly after loading your patient, a 50-year-old man with abdominal

pain,ambulance, into the he tells you that he changed his mind and does not want

tohospital. go to the He is conscious and alert and has no signs of mental

incapacitation.suspicious that Youthe areman has a significant underlying condition and feel

strongly that he should go to the hospital. Which of the following statements regarding this

situationcorrect? - is ANSWER-A mentally competent adult can withdraw his or her

consentat any to treat

time

Fetal complications associated with drug-or alcohol- addicted mothers

includefollowing, all EXCEPT:of the - ANSWER-profound

tachycardia

The mental status of a patient who has experienced a generalized seizure: -

ANSWER-is likely to improve over a period of 5 to 30

minutes

In many states, a minor may be treated as an adult for the purpose of

consentingrefusing medical to or treatment if the minor: - ANSWER-self-supporting and lives

byor himself

herself.

A precipitous labor and delivery is MOST common in women who: -

ANSWER-deliveredhave a baby

before.

A 67 year-old female with severe chest pain becomes unresponsive,

pulseless,apneic during and transport. You should: - ANSWER-placing her in an upright

position.

A 60 year-old female presents with a tearing sensation in her lower back.

Hersweaty skin and is she is tachycardia. The EMT should suspect: - ANSWER-aortic

aneurysm

In contrast to the parietal peritoneum, the visceral peritoneum: - ANSWER-

isby supplied nerves of the autonomic nervous system, which are less able to

localize pain or sensatio

n.

Cardiogenic shock following AMI is caused by: - ANSWER-decreased pumping

forcethe heart of

muscle

After the fetus has descended into the pelvis at the end of the third

trimester,mothers experience: many - ANSWER-easier

breathing.

An infant is considered to be premature if it: - ANSWER-weighs less than 5 Ib

orbefore is born 36 weeks'

gestation.

You are dispatched to a residence for a 40-year-old female who fainted.

Uponarrival, your the patient is conscious and alert, and states that she is fine. Her

husband tells you that she fainted after receiving news that her sister was killed in a car

crash. You offer oxygen to the patient, but she refuses to accept it. At this point,

yourconcern primary should be to: - ANSWER-determine if she was injured when

she fainted.

Ischemic heart disease is defined as: - ANSWER-decreased blood flow to

oneportions or more of the

myocardium.

You respond to a residence for a patient with a severe leg injury following

an accident with a chainsaw. When you arrive, you find the patient, a 44-year-old male,

lyingin the supine backyard. He has a partial amputation of his right lower leg that

is actively bleeding. The patient is conscious and breathing adequately; however, he

is restless and his skin is diaphoretic. You should: - ANSWER-apply direct pressure to

the wound.

pressure is the pressure exerted by a liquid that occurs when

bloodthrough moves an artery at relatively high pressures. - ANSWER-

Hydrostatic

A patient who is complaining of seeing flashing lights, specks, or "floaters"

in his or her field of vision has MOST likely experienced: - ANSWER-a

detached retina

A Patient in respiratory arrest at the scene of a multiple casualty incident

wouldbe classified typically as a fourth priority (black tag; expectant) patient, unless: -

ANSWER-there are enough resources to provide care for him

or her.

Most medical models base a pregnant woman's due date: - ANSWER-on the

firsther lastday menstrualof

cycle.

The most basic functions of the body, such as breathing, blood

pressure,swallowing, and are controlled by the: - ANSWER-brain

stem.

Acute coronary syndrome (ACD) is a term used to describe: - ANSWER-a

groupsymptoms of that are caused by myocardial

ischemia

Anterior to the knee is a specialized bone called the: -

ANSWER-patella

The cricoid cartilage: - ANSWER-is the only complete circular cartilage of

the trachea.

Airborne substances should be diluted with: - ANSWER-

oxygen

A raised, swollen, well-defined area on the skin that is the result of an insect

biteis called: or sting - ANSWER-a

wheel

A 75 year-old male with a terminal illness has died at home. As you and

yourenter partner the residence, a family member becomes verbally abusive,

pushes you, and states that you took too long to get there. You should: - ANSWER-retreat and

notifyenforcement law

personnel

In contrast to the sympathetic nervous system, the parasympathetic

nervousANSWER- system:slows the - heart and respiratory

rates

Symptoms of both inhaled and ingested ricing include: - ANSWER-fever and

headache

If a newborn's heart rate is less than 60 beats/min following delivery,

youANSWER- should:provide - ventilations for 30

seconds

A patient with high blood pressure would be expected to have skin that is: -

ANSWER-flushed and

red

Which of the following MOST accurately describes septic shock? - ANSWER-

Bacterialdamage to the vessel wall, leaking blood vessels, and

vasodilation

Botulinum is: - ANSWER-a potent bacterial

neurotoxin

An EMS provider who has extensive training in various aspects of advanced

life support (ALS) is called a(n): - ANSWER-advanced EMT

(AMET)

At the scene of a motor vehicle crash, you determine that these are two

criticallypatients andinjured that another ambulance is needed. You attempt to contract the

dispatcherwith your portable radio but are unsuccessful. You should: - ANSWER-use

theradio mobile in the ambulance to contact

dispatch.

All critical life functions are coordinated in which part of the brain? -

ANSWER-brainste

m

A 51 year-old female presents with a sudden onset of difficulty

breathing. She is conscious and alert and able to speak in complete sentences. Her

respirationsbreaths/min areand 22 regular. You should: - ANSWER-administer oxygen

viarebreathing a non-

mask

In which of the following situations would a direct ground life be the MOST

appropriate method of moving a patient? - ANSWER-A conscious patient complaining of

abdominalpai

n

Abruptio placenta occurs when: - ANSWER-the placenta prematurely

separatesthe uterine from

wall.

Individuals with chronic alcoholism are predisposed to intracranial

bleedinghypoglycemia and secondary to abnormalities in the: -

ANSWER-liver

Initial treatment to dislodge a severe foreign body airway obstruction in a

responsive infant involves: - ANSWER-back

slaps

An infant or small child's airway can be occluded if it is overextended or

overflexedbecause: - ANSWER-the occiput is proportionately large and the trachea

is flexible

If gastric distention begins to make positive-pressure ventilation difficult,

youANSWER- should:reposition - the patient's

airway

An organ or tissue may be better able to resist damage from

hypoperfusionANSWER-body's if temperaturethe: - is considerably less than

98.6F (37C)

A mucosal atomizer device (MAD) is used to deliver certain

medicationsANSWER-intranasal via the: -

route

Compared to adults, infants and children are at higher risk for hypothermia

forfollowing all of the reasons, EXCEPT: - ANSWER-a relatively small

surface area

A percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) restores blood

flowischemia to the myocardium by: - ANSWER-dilating the affected coronary artery

withinflatable a small

balloon

Capillary sphincter closure during internal or external bleeding is detrimental

because:ANSWER- waste- products are not removed and nutrients are not delivered

to the cells

A patient's refusal of EMS treatment and/or transport be: - ANSWER-an

informedrefusa

l

A 56-year-old male is found semiconscious by his wife. Your assessment

revealshis respirations that are rapid and shallow, his pulse is rapid and irregular,

andpressure his blood is low. The patient's wife states that he complained of left arm pain

andthe daynausea before, but would not allow her to call 9-1-1. The MOST likely

cause of this patient's present condition is: - ANSWER-cardiogenic

hypoperfusion

A laceration: - ANSWER-is a jagged cut caused by a sharp object or blunt

force trauma.

Following delivery of the placenta, the mother is experiencing vaginal

bleeding. After massaging the uterine funds and allowing the mother to breastfeed, the

bleedingThis occurs stops. because: - ANSWER-these actions simulate the production of

oxytocin and cause uterine

contraction

A 39-year-old male sustained a large laceration to his leg during an

accident with a chainsaw and is experiencing signs and symptoms of shock. You

shouldANSWER- first:follow - appropriate standard

precautions

Which of the following statements regarding anaphylactic shock is correct? -

ANSWER-Subsequent exposure after sensitization often produced a more severe

reaction.

A 66-year-old male presents with bizarre behavior. His daughter states that

he did not

seem to recognize her and was very rude to her. The patient is conscious,

and has a

patent airway and adequate breathing. You should: - ANSWER-ask the

daughter how

her father normally

behaves.

An 81-year-old female fell and struck her head. You find the patient lying

onside. her She left is conscious and complains of neck and upper back pain.

Asassessing you are her, you note that she has a severely kyphotic spine. What is

theappropriate MOST method of immobilizing this patient? - ANSWER-Leave her on

her side and use blanket rolls to immobilize her to the long

backboard.

Despite your attempts to coach a conscious young female's respirations,

sheto hyperventilate continues with a marked reduction in tidal volume. You should: -

ANSWER-explain to her that you will assist her

ventilations.

A person's ability to shiver is lost when his or her body temperature

fallsANSWER- below:90F -

(32C)

Phosgene (CG) has an odor that resembles: - ANSWER-cut

grass

According to the National EMS Scope of Practice Model, an EMT should be

ableANSWER- to: - assist a patient with certain prescribed

medications

A crackling sound produced by air bubbles under the skin is called: -

ANSWER-subcutaneous

emphysema

An oxygen cylinder should be taken out of service and refilled when the

pressureit is less than: - inside ANSWER- 500

psi

An EMT may administer aspirin to a patient if: - ANSWER-authorization

fromcontrol medical has been

obtained

Heat loss from the body through respiration occurs when: - ANSWER-

warm air is exhaled into the

atmosphere.