Emergency Medical Services (EMS) and Patient Care, Exams of Medical imaging

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What BEST describes the purpose of the modern emergency medical services (EMS) system? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>to have trained personnel respond quickly and provide emergency care on the scene,during transport,and at the hospital

IN 1966, the National Highway Safety Act charged which agency with the development of the emergency medical service standards? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>US Dept. of Transportation

THe National Registry of Emergency Medical Technicians was founded to establish which of the following? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>Professional standards for emergency medical services personnel

Upon arrival at the hospital, the EMT advises the hospital personnel of the patient's condition,observation from the scene,treatment rendered, and other pertinent data to assure continuity of care. THis process is known as what? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>Transfer of care

What best describes person who speaks up on behalf of the patient and supports his cause? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>advocate

Who assumes the ultimate responsibility for patient care rendered by the EMT? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>Medical Director

What is a physical trait necessary for performing the duties of an EMT? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>giving and receiving written instructions

What best describes a communication system capable of identifying the number and location of the phone from which a caller is calling? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>Enhanced 911

Which of the following is a personality trait required of EMTs? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>Control personal habits

What is considered a form of off-line medical control? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>Protocols

YOu are approaching the scene of a motor vehicle crash. Which of the following would be the first way to safeguard your well-being as an EMT? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>Ensure scene safety

Which of the following descriptions best defines the term pathogen? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>an organism that causes infection and disease

AN EMT may consider wearing protective eyewear when caring for which of these patients? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>A patient who is actively coughing

During what situation would the use of protective gloves be optional? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>Splinting a sprained ankle

WHat term is best defined as "a state of physical and/or psychological arousal to a stimulus"? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>stress

For Emergency workers,meeting with trained mental health and counseling personnel following a critical incident: - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>may be helpful in some situations,but harmful in others

The term burnout is also known as _____ stress reaction. - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>cumulative

You are called to the home of an elderly female who has fallen and fractured her hip. At the front door,you notice she has a German shepherd who is very defensive of its owner. When you enter the home,the dog remains calm,but as soon as you attempt to touch the patient, it begins to bark. The patient says, "don't worry, he's just possessive of me. I just don't know what I'd do if anything happened to him." An appropriate course of action would be to: - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>dispatch animal control to your location

What is a simple step EMTs can perform to help prevent the spread of flu in the prehospital environment? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>place a surgical mask on suspected flu patients

What statement is true concerning the H1N1 Swine Flu? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>Respiratory droplets are its mode of transmission

Which of these groups is at greatest risk of contracting and transmitting TB? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>immunosuppressed patients

Which factors should be considered before lifting any patient? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>a. the weight of the patient b. your physical limitations c. communications

When lifting a patient, a basic principle is to: - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>know your lifting limits

Where should you position the weight of the object being lifted? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>as close to the body as possible

What is another name for squat lift position? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>power lift

How many pounds are the most battery-powered hydraulic systems rated to safety life? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>

Stretchers that are designed to carry obese patients up to 800 pounds are called?

• CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>bariatric stretchers

What is the main benefit of using a stair chair with a trac-like system over a traditional stair chair? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>a stair chair with a trac-like system prevents the patient from having to be lifted down stairs

Which of the following patients should NOT be transported in a stair chair? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>A. a patient with a suspected spinal injury B. a patient requiring airway care c. severely altered mental status patients

When placing all fingers and the palm in contact with the object being lifted, you are using which of the following? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>power grip

How far apart should your hands be when using a power grip? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>10 inches

When moving an object across the floor, which of the following is the best technique? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>Stand behind the object and push it in front of you.

For a patient without a possibility of spinal injury, which of the following carries should be used to move him from a bed to a stretcher? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>draw-sheet method

Which of the following refers to the set of regulations that defines the legal actions expected and limitations placed on the EMT? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>scope of practice

Which type of consent must be used by the EMT when seeking to treat a mentally competent adult? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>Expressed consent

Your patient is a 40-year old known diabetic who was found unconscious at work by a coworker. What type of consent allows you to treat this patient? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>Implied consent

Your patient is a 45-y/o man who is suffering from chest pain. Upon arrival, the patient is pale,sweaty, and seems short of breath. The patient is angry with his daughter for calling 911. He says that he had some spicy sausage for bkft and has indigestion. Which of the following is an appropriate means of getting the patient the care he needs? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>Try to find out why the patient does not want to go to the hospital

In which of the following situations should an EMT withhold resuscitative measures from a patient in cardiac arrest? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>The patients caregiver presents a DNR order signed by the patient and his physician.

If the EMT is in doubt, as to whether a patient in cardiac arrest should be resuscitated, which of the following is the best decision? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>Begin resuscitative measures

Which of the following situations BEST illustrates the act of abandonment by the EMT? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>an EMT transports a patient to the emergency dept.,leaves the patient in the waiting room, but does not advise the ED staff

Sharing info about a patients medical history with your neighbor after you hear a call on a radio scanner would constitute which of the following? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>Breach of confidentiality

Which of the following requires training, policies, and procedures related to storing, accessing, and sharing patient info? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>HIPAA

Which of the following incidents is the EMT legally required to report to law enforcement? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>Your patient has facial and head injuries and states that her husband beat her with a telephone receiver

Your patient is a 10 y/o boy who suffered a possible fractured arm while rollerblading at a friends house. which f the following is the BEST way to obtain consent for treatment? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>call the patients mother at work

You are on the scene with a 72 y/o male patient with chest pain. The patient is complaining of shortness of breath but also refuses to go to the hospital, even after multiple attempts urging him to go. Which of the following should you do next? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>Fully inform the patient about his situation and the implications of refusing care

You respond to a bus accident with multiple patients. As you arrive at the scene, you are approached by a local politician who sates that his wife has been involved. He tells you that if you will take care of her first, he will ensure that you get the promotion you are up for. This becomes what of decision for you as an EMT? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>Ethical

You respond to the report of an unconscious female patient. YOu can acquire important medical info about the patient through which of the following? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>Medical identification device

You respond to a middle school for a 12 y/o male patient who has been hit by a car. You get consent to treat the patient from the school principal. What concept allows the principal to speak for the parents? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>In Loco Parentis

The EMTs obligation to provide care to a patient either as formal or ethical responsibility is known as which of the following? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>Duty to Act

What BEST describes the anatomical position? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>Standing, facing fwd with arms at the side, palms fwd

What describes the midline of the body? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>An imaginary line dividing the body into equal right and left halves

The inside of a persons thigh is also known as its ____ aspect. - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>medial

What is another term for the frontal aspect of the body? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>anterior

A patient with bilateral femur fractures would have which of the following? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>fractures of both femurs

The elbow is ____ to the wrist. - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>proximal

To check the distal pulse of a patient with an injury to the forearm, the EMT would check which of the following pulses? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>radial

With regard to anatomical locations, which of the following is NOT true? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>the mouth is proximal to the nose

Which of the following are the abdominal regions created by drawing 2 imaginary lines intersecting at the navel? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>abdominal quadrants

Which of the following BEST describes the Trendlenburg position? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>Lying on the back with head lower than the legs

Which of the following describes Fowler's position? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>sitting upright with the legs straight

The two major portions of the skull are the: - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>cranium and face

What is another name for the eye socket? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>orbit

What are the 2 most easily injured portions of the spine? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>cervical and lumbar

What is the most inferior most portion of the sternum? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>xiphoid process

Which of the following is NOT part of the lower extremity? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>carpals

What is the largest bone of the lower leg? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>tibia

What is another name for the shoulder blade? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>scapula

What is the bone on the thumb side of the forearm? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>radius

What is the long bone of the upper portion of the arm? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>humerus

What are the small bones that make up the wrist called? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>carpals

What type of muscles control the size of bronchioles in the lungs? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>smooth muscles

which of the following terms describes the heart muscles ability to generate its own electrical impulses? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>automaticity

Which of the following structures closes over the trachea to protect it during swallowing? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>epiglottis

What respiratory processes requires the active use of muscles? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>inhalation

What type of blood vessels surround the alveoli? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>capillaries

What type of bv's allow the exchange of substances btw the blood and the cells of the body? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>capillaries

What structures deoxygenated blood from the body via the vena cavae? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>right atrium

What vessel carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>pulmonary arteries

What is the strongest and most muscular part of the heart? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>left ventricle

An artery is a bv that only: - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>carries blood away from the heart

The cardiac muscle receives its supply of oxygenated blood by which of the following mechanisms? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>coronary arteries that branch off the aorta

A clot cannot form without which of the following blood components? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>platelets

In what location would a femoral pulse be palpated? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>at the groin

The pulse palpated on the top of the foot is called _____ pulse. - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>dorsalis pedis

Which of the following constituents makes up half of the volume of blood in the body? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>plasma

What condition of immediate concern results from a loss of rbc's due to hemorrhage? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>decreased oxygen delivery to the tissues

the pressure against the walls of the bv's as blood is ejected from the heart and circulates through the body is the ____ bp. - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>systolic

Which of the following BEST describes the medical condition of shock? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>a states of inadequate tissue perfusion

Which of the following are the components of the nervous system? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>brain,spinal cord, and nerves

What is the primary function of stomach? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>chemical breakdown of food by acidic secretions

Failure of the liver would result in which of the following? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>inability to detoxify harmful substances in the bloodstream

What is the function of the skin? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>a. regulation of body temp b. regulation of salt and water balance c. protection from the environment

which layer of the skin is expected to the environment? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>epidermis

Which of the following body systems produces hormones? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>endocrine

Which organ secretes insulin after a person eats a large meal? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>pancreas

Which organ functions as a reservoir for blood that can be used in case of blood loss? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>spleen

At which of the following locations could you palpate a malleolus? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>ankle

What is the only moveable bone in the face? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>mandible

What structure allows food to move from the mouth to the stomach? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>esophagus

What structure best describes the make up of the torso? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>thorax and abdomen

What spine sections make up the tailbone? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>coccyx

What is NOT part of the upper extremity? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>calcaneus

Which substance protects the lower airway from food, liquids, and other substances? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>epiglottis

The study of how disease affects the functioning of the human body is called? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>pathophysiology

The process by which glucose and other nutrients are converted into energy is called? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>metabolism

Production of energy occurs in what part of the cell? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>mitochondria

What best defines ATP - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>it is the form of energy produced in the mitochondria and is the cell's engine responsible for all cell function

The movement of ions across the cell membrane is needed to accomplish depolarization. What cell structure is used to prepare for depolarization? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>sodium potassium pump

Without this element, the cell would dehydrate and die. - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>water

these substances when dissolved separate into charged particles. - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>electrolytes

The basic nutrient of the cell and the building block for energy is: - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>glucose

This type of metabolism occurs when energy is created with a balance of adequate oxygen and nutrients. - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>Aerobic

The metabolism that creates large amounts of carbon dioxide and lactic acid but generates little energy is called. - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>anerobic

What system is responsible for the removal of bi-products of metabolism? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>respiratory

the weakest part of the cell is the - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>membrane

Cells make up tissues, tissues make up organs, and organs make up - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>systems

a patient breathing in room air should be receiving ___ percent oxygen. - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>

Our blood transports oxygen from the lungs to the cells and returns with what byproduct of metabolism? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>carbon dioxide

What is a patent airway? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>a term used by EMS practitioners to indicate that the patient has a secured and opened airway necessary for life

What is the correct order of air flow from the nose to the alveoli in the lungs? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>Nose,nasopharynx,pharynx,hypopharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, alveoli

You respond to a patient who is choking. The victim is suffering from the most common of airway obstructions. This would indicate that the problem is in the ___ airway. - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>upper

The combination of chest muscles and diaphragm working together to have air move in and out of the chest is called: - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>tidal volume

Not all inspired air reaches the alveoli; 150 mL is stopped in the airway leading to the alveoli. This is called: - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>dead air space

Janie is having difficulty breathing. Her current tidal volume is 350 mL, and she is breathing at 28x per minute. What would be her minute volume? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>9800 mL

How many milliliters of air are moved during a typical breath? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>500 mL

The seat of respiratory control is found in the " - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>medulla oblongata

Which of the following statements provides reasons for the disruption of respiratory control? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>medical reasons, infections, trauma, toxins, and drugs along with neurologic disorders, can interrupt this control

Choose the BEST description of the chest's mechanical functions - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>The chest is a closed space with only one opening, the trachea, to inspire air, the diaphragm contracts down and the intercostal muscles expand the ribs, causing a negative pressure that fills the lungs with air

To exhale, the diaphragm and intercostal muscles relax to contract the chest, which creates a positive pressure. This is what type of process? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>passive

If a hole is created in the chest wall, air could escape or be drawn in, or if bleeding develops within the chest, air and blood can accumulate in the pleural space. This would force the lung to: - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>collapse

The disruption of lung tissue by mechanical forces or medical problems can upset the exchange of gas across the alveoli, a process called: - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>diffusion

The net result of respiratory challenges is low oxygen, also called ____ within the body. - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>hypoxia

When carbon dioxide is not exchanged, the net result is high carbon dioxide, a condition called ___ within the body. - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>hypercapnia

what do chemoreceptors found in the body and vascular system measure? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>low oxygen and high carbon dioxide

In the normal drive to breathe, chemorecptors are stimulated by: - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>high carbon dioxide

The respiratory system moves air in and out; however, to ____ cells, the air that is inhaled must be matched up with the circulatory system. - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>perfuse

Carbon dioxide is transported back to the lungs in two ways; via the RBCs and - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>plasma

The pressure that is created when the heart pushes the blood throughout the circulatory system is called - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>hydrostatic pressure

Plasma oncotic pressure is created by the movement of which of the following? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>Large proteins

A disruption of the balance between oncotic pressure and hydrostatic pressure is critical to regulating - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>blood pressure and cell hydration

A condition that is caused by a decreased number of RBCs is called: - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>anemia

which of the following describes the path blood takes as it leaves the heart and then returns - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, veins

Certain bv that contain specialized sensors that detect the level of internal pressure and transmit messages to the nervous system, which them triggers the smooth muscle in the vessel walls to make any needed size adjustments are called: - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>stretch receptors

what is the name of the "fight or flight" response that stimulates blood vessels to constrict and prepares the body for fighting or running? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>sympathetic

Stroke volume depends on a series of factors:one is the force the myocardial muscles exerts to move the blood. This is known as: - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>contractility

Name the stroke volume factor that is a function systemic vascular resistance that requires the heart to exert the pumping force it must overcome. - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>afterload

what will stroke volume and minute heart rate determine? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>cardiac output

Rookie EMT Brenda has just finished her first run and she notices her heart rate is 130 beats per minute. She tells her partner who says that this is just the fight or flight response and it will slow down once she rests. what part of the nervous system will slow Brenda's pulse? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>parasympathetic

What is the name of the heart dysfunction caused by an electrical source that causes the heart to beat too fast? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>tachycardia

The human body is made up of ___ % water - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>60

Water that is found in the space btw cells and bv's is called? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>interstitial

Daniel is performing landscaping on a summer day when he suddenly becomes dizzy and feels like he might faint. This disruption of fluid balance is called: - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>dehydration

When the body's water moves from the bloodstream into the interstitial space,it is called - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>edema

The layer of covering that protects the nervous system is called: - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>meninges

An infection of the brain is called - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>encephalitis

The major organs of the endocrine system are the - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>kidneys,pancreas,and the brain

What is the most common digestive disorder? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>vomiting and diarrhea

When you place your finger in an infants palm, she grasps it with her fingers. This is an example of which reflex? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>palmar reflex

At which of the following stages is toilet-training most likely to begin? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>toddler

which of the following is the feeling infants get when they know all their needs will be met? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>bonding

Which of the following is there term used to describe an infants reaction to his environment? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>temperament

Which of the following would be a normal set of vitals for a 2 y/o male patient? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>Heart rate 110/min., respiratory rate 24/min, and systolic bp of 80 mmHg

You are assessing a female patient with depression. She tells you that her psychologist said that she is dealing with "empty-nest syndrome". What age group is this associated with? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>middle adulthood

In which age group do you anticipate seeing patients who have less efficient cardiovascular system and a reduction of blood volume? - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>late adulthood

Middle adulthood is the stage of life from __ to ___ years. - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>41;60

Infancy is defined as the stage of life from birth to: - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>12 months

When you startle a 4 month old he throws his arms out, spreads his fingers, then grabs with his fingers and arms. The reaction is known as the : - CORRECT CORRECT ANSWER>>Moro Reflex