EMT AIRWAYS ACTUAL EXAM/FISDAP AIRWAY EXAM REVIEW WITH 200+ COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANS, Exams of Nursing

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EMT AIRWAYS ACTUAL EXAM/FISDAP

AIRWAY EXAM REVIEW WITH 200+

COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND DETAILED

CORRECT ANSWERS/RATED A+

Which of the following anatomical differences between the pediatric and adult airway renders the pediatric patient more susceptible to airway occlusion when becoming obtunded? - ANSWER Proportionally larger tongue Your unit is on the scene of a call for a 19 year old female who is having an asthma attack. Her pulse ox is in the mid-90s, and you hear bilateral wheezing with auscultation. What is your initial concern for this conscious patient with respiratory distress? - ANSWER Diminishing pulmonary function until respiratory failure occurs Which of the following would have the least contributory effect on reducing tidal volume in a patient? - ANSWER Diabetes or high blood pressure You are managing a patient who is suffering from a right ventricular infarction. If the patient is also complaining of mild dyspnea, how could the MI contribute to the perception of dyspnea? - ANSWER Decrease perfusion to the lungs If a patient has suffered a heart attack and the left ventricle can no longer pump blood effectively, how can this cause respiratory compromise in the patient? - ANSWER Increased amount of fluid filling the alveoli Blood, vomitus, or other substances that occlude the nasopharynx may drain and lead to: - ANSWER Airway occlusion Just because a patient is attempting to breath against a partially occluded airway, if they do NOT move enough air to reach the alveoli, what secondary complication might they experience? - ANSWER Hypoxia or Hypercapnia

Which of the following is the MOST important airway concern for any patient who displays an altered mental status? - ANSWER The tongue will relax into the back of the throat and cause a partial or complete airway obstruction Which of the following statements is MOST correct about the relationship between the airway status and the level of hypoxia that may be present in a patient who is awake and talking to you? - ANSWER The airway is intact and the risk of hypoxia is low Which of the following differences between the airways in the adult and pediatric is correct? - ANSWER Pediatrics have a proportionally larger tongue The narrowest part(s) of an infant's upper airway is (are) the: - ANSWER Cricoid Cartilage Which of the following vital signs changes is consistent with pediatric hypoxia that may necessitate airway and/pr ventilatory assistance? - ANSWER Bradycardia Compared to the adult patient, an infant's ventilation rate is: - ANSWER Faster with a lower tidal volume A child's metabolic rate and limited oxygen reserves will cause what detrimental effect to occur more quickly in a child patient than in an adult patient during periods of hyperventilation? - ANSWER Hypoxia A harsh, high pitched sound heard during the inspiration, characteristic of an upper airway obstruction due to swelling, is called? - ANSWER The patient's skin is pale and clammy You responded to the scene of a witnessed opiate overdose. On your arrival, the patient is unconscious and supine with labored, sonorous respirations and cyanotic lips. What would be the cause of the sonorous airway sounds? - ANSWER Airway occlusion from the tongue You respond to the scene of an industrial accident. As you approach the unconscious middle-aged male patient, bystanders tell you that he was struck in the dace by a large metal beam being transported by a crane. He is

unconscious and cyanotic with gurgling respirations. your FIRST reaction would be to: - ANSWER Clear the oropharynx Steps in performing a head-tilt, chin-lift maneuver for opening the airway of a non-trauma patient include: - ANSWER Tilting the head backward with one hand You are caring for an adult who was seen by a family member to become unconscious on the couch, and then slid to the carpeted floor. He appears to have taken an overdose of medication. What is the proper technique used to open his airway? - ANSWER Head-tilt, chin-lift maneuver If a gurgling sound is heard during the provision of artificial ventilation with the bag valve mask (BVM), the EMT should: - ANSWER Immediately apply suction to remove liquid from the airway Why would an EMT select a nasopharyngeal airway (NPA) instead of an OPA?

• ANSWER The patient still has a gag reflex You are managing a patient with damage to the brainstem due to stroke. How can this have a detrimental effect on the patient's breathing status? - ANSWER There can be a change in both breathing rate and regularity Of the following influences on breathing, which one has the MOST significant impact on the moment-to-moment regulation of breathing? - ANSWER Carbon Dioxide levels External respiration is best described as the? - ANSWER Exchange of gases between the alveoli and the surrounding capillary bed During cellular respiration and metabolism, there is constant production of acidic waste products such as hydrogen. How does the body initially manage this acid? - ANSWER Hydrogen is converted into carbonic acid and later into CO2 and H2O

While you are transporting a young teenager with a cold and cough, he asks you what his respiratory system does. How would you respond? - ANSWER It takes oxygen from the air and supplies it to the blood Which muscle of the body is the primary one that allows normal inhalation to occur? - ANSWER Diaphragm When your patient inhales, the diaphragm and what other muscle group contracts in order for air to flow into the lungs? - ANSWER External Intercostal muscles You are caring for a patient with respiratory distress. the patient is found in a tripod position with nasal flaring, the pulse oximetry is 94%, and you note absent alveolar breath sounds and cyanosis around the mouth and nail beds. Given these findings, which is MOST suggestive of actual breathing inadequacy? - ANSWER Absent alveolar breath sounds Following the assessment of a patient who was found in a tripod position, you have concluded that the patient is unable to adequately deliver oxygenated blood to the peripheral tissues despite high-flow oxygen via NRB. This is known as: - ANSWER Hypoxia As brain cells start to become hypoxic, what is a common CNS response? - ANSWER Restlessness and agitation Which of the following patients, in the absence of disease or injury, will use oxygen at the highest rate, and this, must always be adequately oxygenated and ventilated? - ANSWER A patient who is 3 years old Which patient population is most likely to become hypoxic from poor oxygen reserves during periods of hypoventilation or apnea? - ANSWER Infants You are caring for a two-week-old who reportedly is having trouble breathing. Which of the below findings BEST supports the suspicion the patient is truly hypoxic? - ANSWER The heart rate is 60 per minute As compared to infants, what response do adults typically display as they initially start to become hypoxic? - ANSWER The heart rate increases

An infant who is conscious with a pulse has an obstructed airway, the EMT should: - ANSWER Alternate back blows and chest thrusts How does the mental status of a patient change in the light of an airway occlusion from a foreign body trapped in the trachea? - ANSWER The patient can rapidly become unresponsive What is the amount of air that normally reaches the alveoli in an adult? - ANSWER 350ml How much air is in the average adult ventilation? - ANSWER 500ml How much air is lost in the area of dead space when an adult is ventilating? - ANSWER 150ml A 67 year old male complains of mild respiratory distress. He smokes 4 packs of cigarettes a day and reports a consistent cough and frequent respiratory infections. Chest sounds reveal bilateral rhonchi. What should you suspect? - ANSWER Chronic Bronchitis An unresponsive 43 year old male is cool, pale, diaphoretic, and breathing 6 times a minutes. Which device should you use to administer oxygen? - ANSWER Bag-valve mask (BVM) Diaphoretic - ANSWER Characterized by profuse sweating Nasal cannula delivers about what percent of oxygen? - ANSWER 20-44% What are the structures that branch off of the trachea into the lower airway? - ANSWER Bronchi What is the normal range of breaths per minute for an adult? - ANSWER 12- 20 A febrile 44 year old male complains of shortness of breath and has dull chest pain. He has been coughing up "rusty" sputum for the last 3 days. What is the most likely cause? - ANSWER Pneumonia A 42 year old male complains of shortness of breath after being sprayed with super heated steam. He has burns to his face, neck and upper chest. Vitals

signs are BP 112/66, P 124, R 26 shallow and labored. What should you do? - ANSWER Assist his ventilations What is the term for abnormal breath sounds that result from an obstructed upper airway? - ANSWER Stridor How should you insert a nasopharyngeal airway? - ANSWER Face the bevel toward the septum The use of accessory muscles and nasal flaring are signs of what type of breathing? - ANSWER Labored breathing What are the small air sacs at the end of the airway that are responsible for gas exchange? - ANSWER Alveoli A 53 year old male is sleepy, diaphoretic, difficult to arouse and breathing 8 times a minute. What do you suspect? - ANSWER Respiratory failure What is directly posterior to the nose? - ANSWER Nasopharynx What is the name of the muscular structure that divides the chest cavity from the abdominal cavity? - ANSWER Diaphram What is the most common location for an airway obstruction? - ANSWER Pharynx What part of the respiratory system contains the vocal cords? - ANSWER Larynx What is the normal respiratory rate for an adult? - ANSWER 12- 20 What is the name of the cartilaginous ridge in the trachea at which the right and left lungs split? - ANSWER Carina How many lobes are in the lungs? - ANSWER 5 What is the name of the passageway shared by the digestive system and the respiratory system for air and food? - ANSWER Pharynxx

What ring-shaped structure forms the lower portion of the larynx? - ANSWER Cricoid cartilage What structure is at the terminal portion of the respiratory tree? - ANSWER Alveoli An inadequate amount of oxygen being delivered to the cells is called? - ANSWER Hypoxia What is the name of the only complete cartilaginous ring of the trachea? - ANSWER Cricoid Cartilage The two main branches of the trachea form the? - ANSWER Bronchi The most common cause of airway obstruction in the patient who is found supine and unresponsive is: - ANSWER The tongue If a patient has a medical problem that caused him to pass out and strike his head, the EMT should open the airway using the: - ANSWER Jaw-thrust maneuver When an infant is unconscious in his bed, the EMT should use what procedure to open the airway? - ANSWER Head-tilt, chin-lift maneuver Cheyne-Stokes respiration - ANSWER A cyclical pattern of abnormal breathing that increases and then decreases in rate and depth, followed by a period of apnea. Conpliance - ANSWER ability of alveoli to expand when air is drawn in during inhalation continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) - ANSWER A method of ventilation used primarily in the treatment of critically ill patients with respiratory distress; can prevent the need for endotracheal intubation. Denitrogenation - ANSWER The process of replacing nitrogen in the lungs with oxygen to maintain a normal oxygen saturation level during intubation

Dyspnea - ANSWER shortness of breath Endottracheal intubation - ANSWER insertion of an endotracheal tube directly through larynx between vocal cords and into trachea to maintain and protect an airway end-tidal CO2 - ANSWER The amount of carbon dioxide present at the end of an exhaled breath. external respiration - ANSWER exchange of gases between lungs and blood glottis - ANSWER Opening between vocal cords hypercarbia - ANSWER Increased carbon dioxide level in the bloodstream. Hypoxia - ANSWER deficiency in the amount of oxygen reaching the tissues Acidosis - ANSWER the buildup of excess acid in the blood or body tissues that results from a primary illness adventitious breath sounds - ANSWER Abnormal breath sounds such as wheezing, stridor, rhonchi, and crackles. Alkalosis - ANSWER The buildup of excess base (lack of acids) in the body fluids. anaphylaxis - ANSWER An extreme, life-threatening systemic allergic reaction that may include shock and respiratory failure. asthma - ANSWER wheezing on inspiration/expiration; bronchospasm asthma - ANSWER An acute spasm of the smaller air passages, called bronchioles, associated with excessive mucus production and with swelling of the mucous lining of the respiratory passages. atelectasis - ANSWER collapse of the alveolar air spaces of the lungs

bronchitis - ANSWER An acute or chronic inflammation of the lung that may damage lung tissue; usually associated with cough and production of sputum and, depending on its cause, sometimes fever. Bronchiolitis - ANSWER Inflammation of the bronchioles that usually occurs in children younger than 2 years and is often caused by the respiratory syncytial virus. carbon dioxide retention - ANSWER A condition characterized by a chronically high blood level of carbon dioxide in which the respiratory center no longer responds to high blood levels of carbon dioxide. chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) - ANSWER a lung disease characterized by chronic obstruction of lung airflow that interferes with normal breathing and is not fully reversible continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) - ANSWER A method of ventilation used primarily in the treatment of critically ill patients with respiratory distress; can prevent the need for endotracheal intubation. crackles - ANSWER Crackling, rattling breath sounds signaling fluid in the air spaces of the lungs; formerly called rales. croup - ANSWER A viral inflammatory disease of the upper respiratory system that may cause a partial airway obstruction and is characterized by a barking cough; usually seen in children. Diptheria - ANSWER An infectious disease in which a pseudomembrane forms, lining the pharynx; this lining can severely obstruct the passage of air into the larynx. embolus - ANSWER A blood clot or other substance in the circulatory system that travels to a blood vessel where it causes a blockage. Emphysema - ANSWER A disease of the lungs in which there is extreme dilation and eventual destruction of the pulmonary alveoli with poor exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide; it is one form of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Epiglottitis - ANSWER A bacterial infection in which the epiglottis becomes inflamed and enlarged and may cause an upper airway obstruction. hay fever - ANSWER An allergic response usually to outdoor airborne allergens such as pollen or sometimes indoor allergens such as dust mites or pet dander; also called allergic rhinitis. Hyperventilation - ANSWER rapid, usually deep, breathing that lowers the blood carbon dioxide level below normal hypoxia - ANSWER A dangerous condition in which the body tissues and cells do not have enough oxygen. hypoxic drive - ANSWER A condition in which chronically low levels of oxygen in the blood stimulate the respiratory drive; seen in patients with chronic lung diseases. Influenza type A (flu) - ANSWER Virus that has crossed the animal/human barrier and has infected humans, recently reaching a pandemic level with the H1N1 strain. metered-dose inhaler (MDI) - ANSWER A miniature spray canister used to direct medications through the mouth and into the lungs. orthopnea - ANSWER severe dyspnea experienced when lying down and relieved by sitting up oxygenation - ANSWER The process of delivering oxygen to the blood by diffusion from the alveoli following inhalation into the lungs. paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea - ANSWER Severe shortness of breath, especially at night after several hours of reclining; the person is forced to sit up to breathe. Pertussis (whooping cough) - ANSWER An airborne bacterial infection that affects mostly children younger than 6 years. Patients will be feverish and exhibit a "whoop" sound on inspiration after a coughing attack; highly contagious through droplet infection.

pleural effusion - ANSWER a collection of fluid between the lung and chest wall that may compress the lung pleuritic chest pain - ANSWER Sharp, stabbing pain in the chest that is worsened by a deep breath or other chest wall movement; often caused by inflammation or irritation of the pleura. pneumonia - ANSWER An infectious disease of the lung that damages lung tissue. pneumothorax - ANSWER An accumulation of air or gas in the pleural cavity. pulmonary edema - ANSWER A buildup of fluid in the lungs, usually as a result of congestive heart failure. pulmonary embolism - ANSWER A blood clot that breaks off from a large vein and travels to the blood vessels of the lung, causing obstruction of blood flow. respiration - ANSWER the process of exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) - ANSWER A virus that causes an infection of the lungs and breathing passages; can lead to other serious illnesses that affect the lungs or heart, such as bronchiolitis and pneumonia. RSV is highly contagious and spread through droplets. Rhonchi - ANSWER Coarse, low-pitched breath sounds heard in patients with chronic mucus in the upper airways. small-volume nebulizer - ANSWER A respiratory device that holds liquid medicine that is turned into a fine mist. The patient inhales the medication into the airways and lungs as a treatment for conditions such as asthma. tuburculosis - ANSWER contagious disease that attacks the lungs and that can remain dormant in a persons lungs for decades, then reactivate; many strains are resistant to antibiotics. spread by cough Respiration - ANSWER process of exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide

Ventilation - ANSWER exchange of air between lungs and environment residual volume - ANSWER The air that remains in the lungs after maximal expansion 12 - 20 breaths per minute - ANSWER normal adult respiratory rate aerosol generating procedure - ANSWER Any airway manipulation that induces the production of aerosols that may present a risk for airborne transmission of pathogens, such as CPR agonal gasps - ANSWER abnormal breathing pattern characterized by slow, gasping breaths, sometimes seen in patients in cardiac arrest airway - ANSWER The upper airway tract or the passage above the larynx, which includes the nose, mouth, and throat. alveolar minute volume - ANSWER The volume of air moved through the lungs in 1 minute minus the dead space; calculated by multiplying tidal volume (minus dead space) and respiratory rate. alveolar ventilation - ANSWER The volume of air that reaches the alveoli. It is determined by subtracting the amount of dead space air from the tidal volume. American Standard Safety System - ANSWER A safety system for large oxygen cylinders, designed to prevent the accidental attachment of a regulator to a cylinder containing the wrong type of gas. apneic oxygenation - ANSWER A technique in which oxygen administered via a high-flow nasal cannula is left in place during an intubation attempt, allowing for continuous oxygen delivery into the airways during all phases of the procedure. ataxic respirations - ANSWER Irregular, ineffective respirations that may or may not have an identifiable pattern.

automatic transport ventilator (ATV) - ANSWER A ventilation device attached to a control box that allows the variables of ventilation to be set. It frees the EMT to perform other tasks while the patient is being ventilated. Bronchioles - ANSWER Subdivision of the smaller bronchi in the lungs; made of smooth muscle and dilate or constrict in response to various stimuli. capnography - ANSWER A noninvasive method to quickly and efficiently provide information on a patient's ventilatory status, circulation, and metabolism; effectively measures the concentration of carbon dioxide in expired air over time. Capnometry - ANSWER The use of a capnometer, a device that measures the amount of expired carbon dioxide. carina - ANSWER Point at which the trachea bifurcates (divides) into the left and right mainstem bronchi. oxygen toxicity - ANSWER A condition of excessive oxygen consumption resulting in cellular and tissue damage. parietal pleura - ANSWER Thin membrane that lines the chest cavity. partial pressure - ANSWER Amount of gas in air or dissolved in fluid, such as blood pneumothorax - ANSWER the accumulation of air in the pleural space resulting in a pressure imbalance that causes the lung to fully or partially collapse stoma - ANSWER An opening through the skin and into an organ or other structure; a stoma in the neck connects the trachea directly to the skin. Surfactant - ANSWER A liquid protein substance that coats the alveoli in the lungs, decreases alveolar surface tension, and keeps the alveoli expanded; a low level in a premature infant contributes to respiratory distress syndrome.

tension pneumothorax - ANSWER An accumulation of air or gas in the pleural cavity that progressively increases pressure in the chest that interferes with cardiac function with potentially fatal results. vital capacity - ANSWER The amount of air that can be forcibly expelled from the lungs after breathing in as deeply as possible. chronic bronchitis - ANSWER a 67 year old mail complains of mild respiratory distress. he smokes 4 packs of cigarettes a day and reports a consistent cough and frequent respiratory infections. chest sounds reveal bilateral rhonchi. what should you suspect? spontaneous pneumothorax - ANSWER an 18 year old male is cyanotic and complains of sharp chest pain and difficulty breathing after lifting weights. vital signs are bp 110/80, P 88, R 22. what is the most likely cause? emphysema - ANSWER a 77 year old female has dyspnea, speaks in short word bursts, and breathes with pursed lips. lung sounds are diminished, distant and clear. vital signs are bp 152/90, p 86 and irregular, r 23. what should you suspect? bronchi - ANSWER what are the structures that branch off of the trachea into the lower airway? Face the bevel towards the septum - ANSWER How should you insert a nasopharyngeal airway? 350mL - ANSWER what is the amount of air that normally reaches the alveoli in an adult Apply high flow oxygen - ANSWER An alert 32 year old female complains of difficulty breathing. She speaks in 2-3 word sentences and has an oxygen saturation of 92%. What should you do? respiratory failure - ANSWER a 53 year old male is sleepy, diaphoretic, difficult to arouse, and breathing 8 times a minute. what should you suspect Alveoli - ANSWER small air

stridor - ANSWER what is the term for abnormal breath sounds that result from an obstructed airway online medical control - ANSWER An 82 year old female complains of difficulty breathing. Before you assist her with her prescribed inhaler, who will you need permission from? wheezing - ANSWER what is the term for high pitched whistling sounds heard during expiration labored - ANSWER The use of accessory muscles and nasal flaring are signs of what type of breathing? pneumonia - ANSWER a febrile 44 year old male complains of shortness of breath and has dull chest pain. he has been coughing up "rusty" sputum for the last 3 days. what is the most likely cause? Ventilation - ANSWER Exchange of air between the lungs and the environment, spontaneously by the patient or with assistance from another person, such as an EMT. vesicular breath sounds - ANSWER Normal breath sounds made by air moving in and out of the alveoli. wheezing - ANSWER High pitched sound heard in the lungs with asthmatics or lung disease intrapulmonary shunting - ANSWER Bypassing of oxygen-poor blood past nonfunctional alveoli to the left side of the heart. Larynx - ANSWER A complex structure formed by many independent cartilaginous structures that all work together; where the upper airway ends and the lower airway begins; also called the voice box. Mediastinum - ANSWER Space within the chest that contains the heart, major blood vessels, vagus nerve, trachea, major bronchi, and esophagus; located between the two lungs.

Metabolism - ANSWER The biochemical processes that result in production of energy from nutrients within the cells. also called cellular respiration minute volume - ANSWER The volume of air that moves in and out of the lungs per minute; calculated by multiplying the tidal volume and respiratory rate; also called minute ventilation. nasal cannula - ANSWER An oxygen-delivery device in which oxygen flows through two small, tubelike prongs that fit into the patient's nostrils; delivers 24% to 44% supplemental oxygen, depending on the flow rate. nasopharyngeal airway - ANSWER Airway adjunct inserted into the nostril of an unresponsive patient, or a patient with an altered level of consciousness who is unable to maintain airway patency independently. nasopharynx - ANSWER The part of the pharynx that lies above the level of the roof of the mouth, or palate. oropharyngeal airway - ANSWER Airway adjunct inserted into the mouth of an unresponsive patient to keep the tongue from blocking the upper airway and to facilitate suctioning the airway, if necessary. oropharynx - ANSWER A tubular structure that extends vertically from the back of the mouth to the esophagus and trachea. tidal volume - ANSWER if patient is stuck in mud, try to help increase______? flail chest - ANSWER when a patient has 3 or more broken ribs flail chest - ANSWER Paradoxical chest movement phrenic nerve - ANSWER the nerve that activates the diaphragm 10 - 15 L/min - ANSWER What is the flow rate for the non-rebreather mask? viscera pleura (pleuraspace) - ANSWER membrane around lungs oxygen toxicity - ANSWER A condition of excessive oxygen consumption resulting in cellular and tissue damage.

tension pneumothorax - ANSWER A life-threatening collection of air within the pleural space; the volume and pressure have both collasped the involved lung and caused a shift of the mediastinal structures to the opposite side. 1 - 6 L/min - ANSWER Flow rates for nasal cannula tidal volume - ANSWER Amount of air that moves in and out of the lungs during a normal breath Wheezing breath sounds - ANSWER A high-pitched whistling sound that is most prominent on expiration diffusion - ANSWER Movement of a gas from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. anarobic metabolism - ANSWER The metabolism that takes place in the absence of oxygen; the principal product is lactic acid. hypoxic drive - ANSWER system that controls respiration; senses drop in oxygen level in blood hemothorax - ANSWER a collection of blood in the pleural cavity Non-rebreather mask - ANSWER a patient suspected of being hypoxic and breathing adequately should be given____ chemoreceptors - ANSWER moniter levels of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and pH of cerebrospinal fluid and then provide feedback to respiratory center to modify rate and depth of breathing Minute volume - ANSWER The amount of air breathed in during each respiration multiplied by the number of breaths per minute. hypoxia - ANSWER deficiency in oxygen levels in blood aerobic metabolism - ANSWER metabolism that can proceed only in the presence of oxygen

gastric distention - ANSWER air fills stomach, usually due to high volume of pressure bvm - ANSWER this oxygen device delivers over 90% oxygen pulmonary embolism - ANSWER clot or other material lodges in vessels of the lung NPA/OPA - ANSWER device placed in nose or mouth of unconscious patient to help breathing aspiration - ANSWER vomit or other foreign materials into lungs dead space - ANSWER Any portion of the airway that does contain air and cannot participate in gas exchange, such as the trachea and bronchi. apnea - ANSWER absence of spontaneous breathing strider - ANSWER upper airway, loud-high pitched breath sound pulmonary embolism - ANSWER a 75 year old female complains of a sudden onset of right sided chest pain and dyspnea. she is recovering from a recent hip surgery. what should you suspect? Look for rise and fall of his chest - ANSWER A 64 year old male is not breathing. What should you do after initiating ventilations with a bag-valve mask? Bag valve mask - ANSWER An unresponsive 43 year old male is cool, pale, diaphoretic, and breathing 6 times a minute. Which device should you use to administer oxygen? Assist his ventilations - ANSWER A 42 year old male complains of shortness of breath after being sprayed with super-heated steam. He has burns to his face, neck and upper chest. Vital signs are BP 112/66, P 124, R 28 shallow and labored. What should you do?

Begin chest compressions. - ANSWER A 56 year old female has a complete airway obstruction from a piece of food. She becomes unconscious while you assess her. What should you do? cricoid cartilage - ANSWER where is sellick's maneuver applied pharynx - ANSWER where is most common location for an airway obstruction carina - ANSWER what is the name of the cartilaginous ridge in the trachea at which the right and left lungs split Epiglottis - ANSWER what leaf shaped structure closes during swallowing to prevent foods and foreign objects from entering the trachea contracts - ANSWER what happens to your diaphragm during inhalation diaphragm - ANSWER what is the name of the muscular structure that divides the chest cavity from the abdominal cavity pharynx - ANSWER what is the name of the passageway shared by the digestive and respiratory systems for air and food trachea - ANSWER what is the name of the hollow semiflexible tube that carries inhaled air from larynx to the lungs 5 - ANSWER how many lobes are in the lungs alveoli - ANSWER what are the small sacs in the lungs that are responsible for gas exchange nasopharynx - ANSWER what is directly posterior to the nose oropharynx - ANSWER what is directly posterior to the mouth larynx - ANSWER what part of the respiratory system contains the vocal cords cricoid cartilage - ANSWER what ring shaped structure forms the lower part of the larynx