EMT-B Final Exam Review 2024-2025. Verified Questions and Correct Answers. Graded A, Exams of Health sciences

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EMT-B Final Exam Review 2024-2025.

Verified Questions and Correct Answers.

Graded A

__________ blood returns to the right side of the heart A. Deoxygenated B. Oxygenated C. Anemic D. Red - ANSA. Deoxygenated A clot cannot form without which of the following blood components? A. Plasma B. White blood cells C. Corpuscles D. Platelets - ANSD. Platelets A hormone called insulin is secreted by the: A. Islets of Langerhans in the pancreas B. Gallbladder found in the pancreas

C. Islets of Langerhans in the liver D. None of the above - ANSA. Islets of Langerhans in the pancreas A patient who has shallow, slow, irregular gasping breaths is said to have __________ respirations? A. Agonal B. Kussmauls C. Central neurogenic D. Cheyne-Stokes - ANSA. Agonal A patient with a pulse rate of 120 beats per minute is considered which of the following? A. Normocardic B. Tachycardic C. Bradycardic D. Dyscardic - ANSB. Tachycardic A patient with bilateral femur fractures would have which of the following? A. A femur fracture occurring with little to no trauma

B. A femur fracture in which the bone ends have punctured the muscle and skin of the thigh C. Two fractures in the same femur D. Fractures in both femurs - ANSD. Fractures in both femurs All of the following can result in airway obstructions, except: A. Burns B. Facial trauma C. Infections D. The tongue - ANSD. The tongue An EMT should consider wearing protective eyewear when caring for which of these patients? A. A patient with a difficult-to-visualize scalp laceration B. A patient who was sprayed with mace by police during arrest C. A patient who is actively coughing D. A trauma patient who is covered in dirt, rocks, and other foreign debris - ANSC. A patient who is actively coughing

An off-duty EMT is driving down the road when she sees a major vehicle accident. There are no Emergency Medical Responders on the scene yet. There are only Good Samaritans. The EMT is late for a doctor's appointment so she decides that she will not stop and help. The driver of the vehicle dies before help arrives. One of the Good Samaritans notices her EMT license plates and writes them down as she passes by. The Good Samaritan is angry that the EMT did not stop and help and tries to get the EMT fired for not helping. Which of the following statements in true? A. The EMT is negligent because the patient died B. The EMT is negligent for not stopping and helping C. The EMT is not negligent because she did not have a duty to act D. The EMT is not negligent because she had a doctor's appointment - ANSC. The EMT is not negligent because she did not have a duty to ac An oxygen saturation of 97% is considered which of the following? A. Significant hypoxia B. Hypoxia C. Severe hypoxia D. Normal - ANSD. Normal

As you arrive at the scene of a house fire, a very upset man screams at you to help his young son, who is trapped under a piece of burning wood on the ground. Which of the following should you do first? A. Perform an initial assessment on the patient B. Size up the scene before acting C. With the father's help grab the boy by the arms and pull him from underneath the wood D. Use a blanket to put out the fire on the piece of wood - ANSB. Size up the scene before acting Assuming you protocol allows the administration of nitroglycerin when certain conditions exist, what is the maximum number of tablets to be administered in the pre hospital setting? A. 3 B. 4 C. 1 D. 2 - ANSA. 3 At the scene of a vehicle collision in which there are no apparent hazards, which of the following guidelines should be followed for establishing a danger zone?

A. The danger zone should be 150 feet in all directions B. The danger zone should be 15 feet in all directions C. The danger zone should be 50 feet in all directions D. There is no need to establish a danger zone when there are no apparent hazards - ANSC. The danger zone should be 50 feet in all directions At what point is the scene size up complete? A. Upon stabilization of the c spine B. At the end of the call C. When the number of patients has been determined D. When crashed vehicles have been stabilized - ANSB. At the end of the call At which of the following points should you begin your scene size up? A. When you arrive on the scene, but before exiting the ambulance B. As you approach the scene in the ambulance C. When the patient or family member opens the door to the residence D. After exiting the ambulance, but before making patient contact - ANSB. As you approach the scene in the ambulance

Breathing sounds that should concern the EMT are: A. Snoring, gurgling, wheezing, and crowing B. Tachycardia, retractions, and diaphragmatic breathing C. Snoring, gurgling, wheezing, crowing, and crowning D. Retractions, and diaphragmatic breathing - ANSA. Snoring, gurgling, wheezing, and crowing Centralized coordination of emergency medical access, transportation, and care most refers to which of the following? A. Emergency preparedness plan B. Resource management C. Central deployment D. Tauma system - ANSB. Resource management Due to the high risk of an unstable work environment, EMTs responding to a motor vehicle crash may consider using ____________ in addition to standard PPE. A. Face shields B. Heavy- duty gloves C. Level B hazmat suits

D. N-95 masks - ANSB. Heavy- duty gloves For life to be maintained, a balance of oxygen and carbon dioxide is needed. The condition when oxygen levels are low is called: A. Hypoxia B. Hypercarbia C. Hypotension D. Hyperventilation - ANSA. Hypoxia For the reticular activating system (RAS) to work correctly, what three substances are needed? A. Oxygen to perfuse brain tissue, insulin to nourish brain tissue, and water to keep the brain hydrated B. Oxygen to perfuse the brain tissue, glucose to nourish brain tissue, and water to keep the brain hydrated C. Oxygen to perfuse brain tissue, glucose to nourish brain tissue, and sodium to keep the brain hydrated D. Oxygen to perfuse the brain tissue, insulin to nourish brain tissue, and sodium to keep he brain hydrated - ANSB. Oxygen to perfuse the brain tissue, glucose to nourish brain tissue, and water to keep the brain hydrated

How many cervical vertebrae are there? A. 7 B. 4 C. 5 D. 12 - ANSA. 7 If the EMT is in doubt as to whether a patient in cardiac arrest should be resuscitated, which of the following is the best decision? A. Have the patient's family put their wishes in writing B. Consult with the patient's physician C. Withhold resuscitative measures D. Begin resuscitative measures - ANSD. Begin resuscitative measures In 1966 the National Highway Safety Act charged which of the agencies with the development of emergency medical service standards? A. U.S. Department of the Interior B. U.S. Department of Health Services C. U.S. Department of Transportation

D. U.S. Department of Homeland Security - ANSC. U.S. Department of Transportation In a blood pressure reading of 120/80, the 120 is measuring what body process? A. Systolic blood pressure; when the right ventricles contract and the blood is forced into the veins B. Systolic blood pressure; when the left ventricles contract and the blood is forced into the veins C. Systolic blood pressure; when the left ventricles contract and the blood is forced into the arteries D. Diastolic blood pressure; when the left ventricles contract and the blood is forced into the arteries - ANSC. Systolic blood pressure; when the left ventricles contract and the blood is forced into the arteries In assessing a patient's breathing, what is your first question? A. Is he alive or dead? B. Is he breathing? C. Is his breathing adequate or inadequate? D. Is he big sick of little sick? - ANSB. Is he breathing?

In general, a child is considered an adolescent when he reaches the age of _____ years. A. 9 B. 7 C. 4 D. 12 - ANSD. 12 In normal exhalation, the diaphragm and intercostal muscles relax to contract the chest, which creates a positive pressure. This is what type of process? A. Respiration B. Inspiration C. Active D. Passive - ANSD. Passive In relation to anatomy, the term topography means: A. Key elements of the central nervous system B. External landmarks of body structures C. The study of the skin D. Blood pressure fluctuations - ANSB. External landmarks of body structures

In which of the following situations should an EMT withhold resuscitative measures from a patient in cardiac arrest? A. The patient's caregiver presents a DNR order signed by the patient and his physician B. Family members request that nothing be done C. The EMT's religious beliefs permit withholding resuscitation, and the caregiver presents documentation of the patient's wishes D. All of the above - ANSA. The patient's caregiver presents a DNR order signed by the patient and his physician In which of the following situations would the administration of aspirin to a cardiac patient be prohibited? A. The patient does not currently take aspirin B. The patient has a diastolic blood pressure greater than 90 mmHg C. The patient has a history of asthma D. The patient feels dizzy - ANSC. The patient has a history of asthma Messages from the body to the brain are carried by which of the following types of nerves?

A. Sensory B. Cranial C. Skeletal D. Motor - ANSA. Sensory Normal consciousness is regulated by a series of neurologic circuits in the brain that comprise the reticular activating system (RAS). The RAS has simple requirements to function properly. Which one of the following items is NOT one of those requirements? A. Sodium B. Glucose C. Water D. Oxygen - ANSA. Sodium Not all inspired air reaches the alveoli; 150 mL is stopped in the airway leading to the alveoli. This is called: A. Tidal Volume B. Vital capacity C. Bronchial air D. Dead air space - ANSD. Dead air space

Our blood transports oxygen from the lungs to the cells and returns with what byproduct of metabolism? A. Carbon monoxide B. Carbon dioxide C. Lactic acid D. Carbolic acid - ANSB. Carbon dioxide Pain that originates in an organ, such as intestines, is called ________ pain. A. Parietal B. Visceral C. Acute D. Referred - ANSB. Visceral Perhaps the simplest way to determine if a patient has a patent airway is to: A. Auscultate for breath sounds B. Check for adequate chest rise C. Say "hello" D. Determine a respiratory rate - ANSC. Say "hello"

Physiology is the study of: A. Exercise and nutrition B. Muscles and movement C. Body structures D. Body systems - ANSD. Body systems Post-traumatic stress disorder may be described as a(n). A. Severe stress reaction B. Acute stress reaction C. Delayed stress reaction D. Cumulative stress reaction - ANSC. Delayed stress reaction Shock is the circulatory system's failure to provide sufficient blood and oxygen to all the body's tissues. Which of the answers is NOT a major type of shock? A. Hypovolemic B. Hypervolemic C. Hemorrhagic D. Cardiogenic - ANSB. Hypervolemic

Stroke volume depends on a series of factors: one is the force the myocardial muscle exerts to move the blood. This is known as: A. Contractility B. Automaticity C. Preload D. Afterload - ANSA. Contractility The abbreviation mmHg indicates that the blood pressure is measured by which of the following comparisons? A. Millimeters of mercury B. Millimeters of water C. Minimum heart rate D. Atmospheric pressure - ANSA. Millimeters of mercury The abdominal quadrants include all of the following except the: A. Right medial B. Right upper C. Left lower

D. Left upper - ANSA. Right medial The administration of oxygen and the application of spinal immobilization is part of which of the following for the EMT? A. Scope of practice B. Duty to act C. Standard of practice D. Protocols and standing orders - ANSA. Scope of practice The anterior fontanelle should be closed between the ages of ______ and ________. A. 6 months; 10 months B. 12 months; 18 months C. 3 months; 6 months D. 24 months; 36 months - ANSB. 12 months; 18 months The basic nutrient of the cell and the building block for energy is: A. Protein B. Water

C. Oxygen D. Glucose - ANSD. Glucose The bony bumps you feel along the center of a person's back are known as which of the following? A. Foremen magnum B. Transverse processes C. Spinous process D. Vertebrae - ANSC. Spinous process The condition in which the placenta separates from the uterine wall is known as which of the following? A. Ectopic pregnancy B. Preeclampsia C. Placenta previa D. Abruptio placentae - ANSD. Abruptio placentae The condition in which there is an insufficient amount of sugar in the blood is called:

A. Hyperglycemia B. Diabetic ketoacidosis C. Diabetic coma D. Hypoglycemia - ANSD. Hypoglycemia The death of brain tissue due to deprivation of oxygen because of a blocked or ruptured artery in the brain is known as which of the following? A. Transient ischemic attack B. Seizure C. Aphasia D. Stroke - ANSD. Stroke The EMT's obligation to provide care to a patient either as a formal or ethical responsibility is known as which of the following? A. Standard of care B. Scope of practice C. Duty to act D. Legal responsibility - ANSC. Duty to act

The first set of vital sign measurements obtained are often referred to as which of the following? A. Normal vital signs B. Standard vital signs C. Baseline vital signs D. None of the above - ANSC. Baseline vital signs The high-pitched sound caused by an upper airway obstruction is known as: A. Stridor B. Gurgling C. Rhonchi D. Rales - ANSA. Stridor The inside of a person's thigh is also known as its _________ aspect. A. Medial B. Axillary C.Inferior D. Lateral - ANSA. Medial

The jaw thrust maneuver is the only _______ airway procedure for an unconscious patient with possible head, neck, or spine injury or unknown mechanism of injury A. Recommended B. Prohibited C. Required D. Forbidden - ANSA. Recommended The maxillae form which of the following structures? A. Upper jaw B. Lower jaw C. Forehead D. Cheek bones - ANSA. Upper jaw The medical term for fainting is: A. Altered RAS status B. Vertigo C. Dehydration D. Syncope - ANSD. Syncope

The normal stimulus to breathe is stimulated by the chemoreceptors that measure the change of what two gases? A. High carbon monoxide and low oxygen B. High hydrogen and low carbon dioxide C. High carbon dioxide and low oxygen D. Low hydrogen and high carbon monoxide - ANSC. High carbon dioxide and low oxygen The patient complaining of parietal abdominal pain would concern you the MOST is the one who: A. Is lying on the floor very still and quiet with his knees drawn up to his chest B. Is rolling about on the floor complaining of pain C. Walks out to the ambulance informing you he has the worst "belly ache" D. Is sitting upright in a chair, moaning in pain, and drinking antacid - ANSA. Is lying on the floor very still and quiet with his knees drawn up to his chest The patient was a driver in a lateral impact motor vehicle collision. During the assessment of his chest, the EMT notes a segment of the chest wall moving in the

opposite direction form the rest of the chest. Which of the following BEST describes this finding? A. Tension pneumothorax B. Paradoxical movement C. Flutter segment D. Intercostal retractions - ANSB. Paradoxical movement The process of air moving in and out of the chest is called: A. Tidal volume B. Ventilation C. Inhalation D. Respiration - ANSB. Ventilation The seat of respiratory control is found in the: A. Lungs B. Nose C. Medulla oblongata D. Chest - ANSC. Medulla oblongata

The study of how disease affects the functioning of the human body is called: A. Psychology B. Anatomy C. Pathophysiology D. Physiology - ANSC. Pathophysiology The symptoms or circumstances for which a medication is given is called: A. Side effects B. Untoward effects C. Indications D. Contraindications - ANSC. Indications The term burnout is also known as a(n) ____________ stress reaction A. Delayed B. Cumulative C. Acute D. Post-traumatic - ANSB. Cumulative The term lateral is best defined as:

A. Toward the middle of B. To the back of C. To the side D. Under the arms - ANSC. To the side The term poison is BEST described as any substance that can do which of the following? A. Increase cellular activity B. Harm the body C. Deactivate nerve transmission D. Depress the body's respirations - ANSB. Harm the body The trachea branches off at the _________ and forms two mainstem bronchi A. Carina B. Bronchioles C. Alveoli D. Pleura - ANSA. Carina