EMT FINAL EXAM NEWEST 200 ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND DETAILED CORRECT ANSWERS | JB LEARNING, Exams of Nursing

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EMT FINAL EXAM NEWEST 200 ACTUAL

EXAM QUESTIONS AND DETAILED

CORRECT ANSWERS | JB LEARNING

2024 - 2025

A 23 year-old male experienced severe head trauma after his motorcycle collided with an oncoming truck. He is unconscious, has rapid and shallow breathing, and has copious bloody secretion in his mouth. How should you manage his airway? Correct Answer Alternate 15 seconds of oral suctioning with 2 minutes of assisted ventilations. A 38 year-old male was electrocuted while attempting to wire a house. Your assessment reveals that he is unresponsive, pulseless and apneic. A coworker has shut off the power to the house. You should: Correct Answer begin CPT and apply the AED. A patient is sitting in a chair, leaning forward on his outstretched arms. His head and chin are thrust forward. This position indicates that he: Correct Answer is experiencing difficulty breathing. A 22 year-old female patient is complaining of dyspnea and numbness and tingling in her hands and feet after an argument with her fiancé. Her respirations are 40 breaths/min. You should: Correct Answer provide reassurance and give oxygen as needed.

A 37 year-old male is found unresponsive in his car. His airway is patent and his respirations are rapid and labored. As you and your partner are assessing and treating the patient, a police officer hands you a medication named Alupent, which he found in the backseat of the patient's car. This medication suggests that the patient has a history of: Correct Answer asthma A 74 year-old woman complains of heaviness in her chest, nausea, and sweating that suddenly began about an hour ago. She is conscious and alert, but anxious. Her blood pressure is 144/84 mm Hg and her heart rate is 110 beats/min. She took two of her prescribed nitroglycerin (0.4 mg tablets) before you arrival but still feels heaviness in her chest. You should: Correct Answer recall that geriatric patients often have slower absorption and elimination times, which may necessitate modifications of the dosing of certain drugs. A 19-year-old male was stung multiple times by fire ants. He is experiencing obvious signs and symptoms of anaphylactic shock. You administer high-flow oxygen and give him epinephrine via intramuscular injection. Upon reassessment, you determine that his condition has not improved. You should: Correct Answer repeat the epinephrine injection after consulting with medical control. after administering activated charcoal to a patient, it is MOST important to: Correct Answer be alert for vomiting

A positive TB skin test indicates that: Correct Answer you have been exposed to TB Kussmaul respirations are an indication that the body is: Correct Answer attempting to eliminate acids from the blood. A patient with a history of schizophrenia called EMS because he was experiencing abdominal pain. When law enforcement arrived, the patient became violent, necessitating the placement of handcuffs. When you assess the patient, he tells you that killing someone will make his abdominal pain go away. His vital signs are stable. How should you manage the situation? Correct Answer Request a police officer to accompany you in the ambulance. A blood pressure cuff that is too small for a patient's arm will give a: Correct Answer falsely high systolic and diastolic reading. A 29 year-old male with a head injury opens his eyes when you speak to him, is confused as to the time and date, and is able to move all of his extremities on command. HIs Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score is: Correct Answer 13 A tour bus has overturned, resulting in numerous patients. When you arrive, you are immediately assigned to assist in the triage process. Patient 1 is a middle-aged male with respiratory distress, chest pain, and a closed deformity to

his right forearm. Patient 2 is a young female who is conscious and alert, but has bilateral femur fractures and numerous abrasions to her arms and face. Patient 3 is an older woman who complains of abdominal pain and has a history of cardiovascular disease. Patient 4 is unresponsive, is not breathing, has a weak carotid pulse, and has a grossly deformed skull. What triage categories should you assign to these patients? Correct Answer Patient 1, immediate (red); Patient 2, delayed (yellow); Patient 3, immediate (red); Patient 4, expectant (black) As an EMT, the performance of your duties will be compared to that of: Correct Answer another EMT If hydroplaning of the ambulance occurs, the driver should: Correct Answer gradually slow down without jamming on the brakes. All of the following biological agents or diseases can be transmitted from person to person, EXCEPT: Correct Answer ricin Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) typically does NOT affect the: Correct Answer urinary bladder. Cardiac monitoring, pharmacological interventions, and other advanced treatment skills are functions of the: Correct Answer AEMT

It would be MOST appropriate from a patient to take his or her prescribed nitroglycerin when experiencing: Correct Answer chest pain that does not immediately subside with rest. Acute pulmonary edema would MOST likely develop as the result of: Correct Answer toxic chemical inhalation Activities such as walking, talking, and writing are regulated exclusively by the: Correct Answer somatic nervous system When the level of arterial carbon dioxide rises above normal: Correct Answer respirations increase in rate and depth An air embolism associated with diving occurs when: Correct Answer the driver holds his or her breath during a rapid ascent Most prehospital cardiac arrests occur as the result of: Correct Answer a cardiac dysrhythmia A patient is bleeding severely from a severed femoral artery high in the groin region. Which of the following would MOST likely control the bleeding? Correct Answer apply a topical hemostatic agent with direct pressure A patient regains consciousness en route from his office to the emergency department. The patient tells you that he feels fine and does not want to of to the hospital. Under

these circumstances, you should: Correct Answer assess whether the patient's mental condition is impaired. Braxton-Hicks contractions are characterized by: Correct Answer alleviation of pain with movement or changing positions You are transporting a 33 year-old male who has involved in a major motor vehicle crash. You have addressed all immediate and potentially life-threatening conditions and have stabilized his condition with the appropriate treatment. With an estimated time of arrival at the hospital of 20 minutes, you should: Correct Answer reassess his condition in 5 minutes. A functional disorder is a: Correct Answer physiological disorder in the absence of a structural abnormality. Complications associated with using a manually triggered ventilation device include: Correct Answer lung tissue injury and gastric distention. If a woman with vaginal bleeding reports syncope, the EMT must assume that she: Correct Answer is in shock Aspirin is beneficial to patients suspected of having a heart attack because it: Correct Answer prevents the aggregation of platelets A nasopharyngeal airway is inserted: Correct Answer with the bevel facing the septum if inserted into the right nare

A 4-year-old, 15-kg male ingested an unknown quantity of acetaminophen (Tylenol). The child's mother states that she does not know when the ingestion occurred. The child is conscious and alert and in no apparent distress. The EMT should: Correct Answer administer 15 g of activated charcoal. A patient who has experienced a back injury, with or without spinal cord damage, would be triaged with a ___________ tag during a mass-casualty incident Correct Answer yellow An unconscious patient found in a prone position must be placed in a supine position in case he or she: Correct Answer requires CPR Following delivery of a pulseless and apneic infant who has a foul odor, skin sloughing, and diffuse blistering, you should: Correct Answer Provide emotional support to the mother Substance abuse is MOST accurately defined as: Correct Answer knowingly misusing a substance to produce a desired effect. Both areas of the pons are sued to: Correct Answer augment respiration during physical or emotional stress A transient ischemia attack (TIA) occurs when: Correct Answer a small clot in a cerebral artery causes temporary symptoms.

A decrease in blood pressure may indicate: Correct Answer a loss of vascular tone Ketone production is the result of: Correct Answer fat metabolization when glucose is unavailable. A partial-thickness burn involves the outer layer of skin and a portion of the: Correct Answer dermal layer A young female experienced a laceration to her left eyeball from flying glass when her boyfriend broke a soda bottle against a wall. There is moderate bleeding and the patient states that she cannot see out of the injured eye. You should: Correct Answer avoid applying pressure to the globe when you are covering the eye. At rest, the normal adult heart rate should not exceed: Correct Answer 100 beats/min Delivering a patient to the hospital involves all of the following activities, EXCEPT: Correct Answer giving a verbal report to the clerk Common names for activated charcoal include all of the following, EXCEPT: Correct Answer Fructose As the bronchus divides into smaller bronchioles, the terminal ends of these smaller passages form the: Correct Answer alveoli

Common signs and symptoms of AMI include all of the following EXCEPT: Correct Answer pain exacerbated by breathing Breathing occurs as the result of a(n): Correct Answer increase in carbon dioxide, which decreases the pH of the CSF During the alert and dispatch phase of EMS communications, the dispatcher's responsibilities include all of the following, EXCEPT: Correct Answer discouraging the caller from providing care until the EMS unit arrives Initial signs and symptoms associated with viral hemorrhagic fevers include: Correct Answer headache and sore throat Bile is produced by the liver and concentrated and stored in the: Correct Answer gallbladder The MOST appropriate treatment for a patient with a mild upper airway obstruction includes: Correct Answer administering oxygen and transporting immediately A patient with profuse sweating is referred to as being: Correct Answer diaphoretic An unrestrained patient is sitting in his car after an automobile crash. He is conscious and alert, has no visible trauma, and is complaining of neck and back pain. Before removing him from his car, you should: Correct Answer

apply a cervical collar and immobilize him with a vest-style device A 17 year-old male was shot in the right anterior chest during an altercation. As you partner is applying oxygen you perform a rapid assessment and find an open chest wound with a small amount of blood bubbling from it. You should: Correct Answer apply an occlusive dressing to the wound and continue your assessment A strangulated hernia is one that: Correct Answer loses its blood supply due to compression by local tissues. A critical function of the safety officer is to: Correct Answer stop an emergency operation whenever a rescuer is in danger. After administering 0.3 mg of epinephrine via auto-injector to a 22-year-old female with an allergic reaction, you note improvement in her breathing and dissipation of her hives. However, she is still anxious and tachycardic. You should: Correct Answer monitor her closely but recall that anxiery and tachycardia are side effects of epinephrine Bacterial vaginosis is a condition that occurs when: Correct Answer normal bacteria in the vagina are replaced by an overgrowth of other bacterial forms A 39 year-old female experienced a severe closed head injury. She is unconscious with her eyes slightly open; her pupils are bilaterally dilated and slow to react. In addition

to managing problems with airway, breathing, and circulation, you should: Correct Answer close her eyes and cover them with a moist dressing. General guidelines for managing a patient with a behavioral emergency include: Correct Answer using 10 codes to ensure radio traffic confidentiality A portable oxygen cylinder should have a minimum capacity of ___________ of oxygen. Correct Answer 500 L Neurogenic shock occurs when: Correct Answer failure of the nervous system causes widespread vasodilation. Covering a patient's _________ will significantly minimize radiation heat loss. Correct Answer head Situations in which you should use the rapid extrication technique include all of the following, EXCEPT: Correct Answer a patient who can be properly assessed while still in the vehicle Hyperventilation could be associated with all of the following, EXCEPT: Correct Answer a narcotic overdose An alert patient presents with a regular pattern of inhalation and exhalation and breath sounds that are clear and equal on both sides of the chest. These findings are consistent with: Correct Answer adequate air exchange.

After assisting your patient with prescribed nitroglycerin, you should Correct Answer reassess his or her blood pressure within 5 minutes to detect hypotension. A disposable oxygen humidifier should be considered for ambulance services that often transport patents for _______ hour(s) or more: Correct Answer 1 Epinephrine is indicated for patients with an allergic reaction when: Correct Answer wheezing and hypotension are present. A 40 year-old male crashes his motorcycle into a tree. He is semiconscious, has snoring respirations, and has a laceration to the forearm with minimal bleeding. You should: Correct Answer open his airway with the jaw-thrust maneuver. A 15 year-old male was killed when he struck by a car while riding his bicycle. He has numerous disfiguring injuries and has been placed in the back of the ambulance to shield him from curious bystanders. When the child's parents arrive at the scene, they demand to see him. You should: Correct Answer advise them that their son had severely disfiguring injuries and ask them if there is anyone they would like you to contact first. In contrast to abruptio placenta, placent previa: Correct Answer may not present with heavy vaginal bleeding.

An appropriate demonstration of professionalism when your patient is frightened, demanding, or unpleasant is to: Correct Answer continue to be nonjudgmental, compassionate, and respectful. A 52-year-old male presents with a fever of 102.5°F and a severe headache. As you assess him, you note the presence of multiple blisters on his face and chest, which are all identical in shape and size. This patient's clinical presentation is MOST consistent with: Correct Answer smallpox Most terrorist attacks: Correct Answer require multiple terrorists working together According to the JumpSTART triage system, if a pediatric patient is not breathing, you should: Correct Answer assess for a distal pulse. Signs and symptoms of a sympathomimetic drug overdose include: Correct Answer tachycardia Your assessment of an unresponsive patient reveals that her breathing is inadequate. Your MOST immediate action should be to: Correct Answer check her airway for obstructions Aggressive ambulance driving may have a negative effect on other motorists because: Correct Answer it may not allow for their reaction time to respond to your vehicle.

If the incident command system (ICS) is already established at the scene of a WMD or terrorist attack, the EMT should: Correct Answer locate the medical staging officer to obtain his or her assignment. A critical incident stress debriefing should be conducted no more than ________ hours following the incident. Correct Answer 72 A 62 year-old man with a history of congestive heart failure presents with severe respiratory distress and an oxygen saturation of 82%. When you auscultate his lungs, you hear widespread rales. He is conscious and alert, is able to follow simple commands, and can only speak in two- to three-word sentences at a time. You should: Correct Answer apply a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) device, monitor his blood pressure, and observe him for signs of improvement or deterioration. A common side effect of nitroglycerin include all of the following, EXCEPT: Correct Answer hypertension When administering supplemental oxygen to a hypoxemic patient with a chronic lung disease, you should: Correct Answer adjust the flow rate accordingly until you see symptom improvement, but be prepared to assist his or her ventilations. A 70-year-old man presents with a severe nosebleed. His medical history includes COPD, depression, and a hemorrhagic stroke 3 years ago. His BP is 190/110 mm

Hg, his pulse is 100 beats/min, and his respirations are 24 breaths/min. His medications include albuterol, sertraline (Zoloft), and multivitamins. Which of the following is MOST likely causing his nosebleed today? Correct Answer High blood pressure Age-relating changes in the renal system result in: Correct Answer a decreased ability to clear wastes from the body and a decreased ability to conserve fluids when needed. When assessing an unresponsive diabetic patient, the primary visible difference between hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia is the: Correct Answer rate and depth of breathing. A young male is unresponsive after overdosing on an opioid. He is not breathing and his pulse is weak. The EMT should immediately: Correct Answer ventilate with a BVM. A 40 year-old man is in cardiac arrest. Your partner is performing CPR. You are attaching the AED when the patient's wife tells you that he has an implanted pacemaker. The AED advises that a shock is indicated. What should you do? Correct Answer Deliver the shock followed by immediate resumption of CPR. During your treatment of a woman in cardiac arrest, you apply the AED, analyze her cardiac rhythm, and receive a "no shock advised" message. This indicates that: Correct Answer she is not in ventricular fibrillation.

A ventilation/perfusion (V/Q ratio) mismatch occurs when: Correct Answer a disruption in blood flow inhibits the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs, even though the alveoli are filled with fresh oxygen. Common signs and symptoms of acute hyperventilation syndrome include: Correct Answer tachypnea and tingling in the extremities. A patient who does not respond to your questions, but moves or cries out when his or her trapezius muscle is pinched, is said to be: Correct Answer responsive to painful stimuli. According to Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) regulations, an employer must: Correct Answer offer a workplace environment that reduces the risk of exposure. A 50 year-old male presents with an altered mental status. His wife tells you that he had a "small stroke" 3 years ago but has otherwise been in good health. The patient is responsive but unable to follow commands. After administering oxygen, you should: Correct Answer prepare for immediate transport. Based on current guidelines, in which of the following situations should supplement oxygen be administered? Correct Answer Exposure to carbon monoxide and an oxygen saturation of 95%

At what age does separation anxiety typically peak in infants and small children? Correct Answer 10 to 18 months At a flow rate of 6 L/min, a nasal cannula can deliver an approximate oxygen concentration of up to: Correct Answer 44% Alkalosis is a condition that occurs when: Correct Answer blood acidity is reduced by excessive breathing. A disease vector is defined as: Correct Answer any agent that acts as a carrier or transporter in general, injected poisons are impossible to dilute or remove because they: Correct Answer are usually absorbed quickly into the body. Dyspnea is MOST accurately defined as: Correct Answer shortness of breath or difficulty breathing. A 40 year-old male presents with pain to the right upper quadrant of his abdomen. He is conscious and alert with stable vital signs. During your assessment, you note that his skin and sclera are jaundiced. You should suspect: Correct Answer liver dysfunction In the eyes of the court, an incomplete or untidy patient care form indicates: Correct Answer inadequate patient care was administered.

According to the terminal drop hypothesis: Correct Answer mental function is presumed to decline in the 5 years preceding death. Clinical signs of compensated shock include all of the following, EXCEPT: Correct Answer absent peripheral pulses. To which of the following diabetic patients should you administer oral glucose? Correct Answer A confused 55 year-old male with tachycardia and pallor A 22 year-old male with a history of clinical depression called 9- 1 - 1 and stated that he has attempted to kill himself. Your unit and law enforcement officers arrive at the scene simultaneously. You find the patient lying supine on the living room floor. He is unconscious and cyanotic. An empty bottle of hydromorphone (Dilaudid) is found on an adjacent table. You should: Correct Answer open the patient's airway and assess his respirations. A utility worker was trimming branches and was electrocuted when he accidentally cut a high-power line. He fell approximately 20 feet and is lying unresponsive on the ground; the power line is lying across his chest. You should: Correct Answer rapidly assess the patient after ensuring that the power line is not live. A 33-year-old woman who is 36 weeks pregnant is experiencing vaginal bleeding. During transport, you note

that she suddenly becomes diaphoretic, tachycardic, and hypotensive. You should: Correct Answer place her in a left lateral recumbent position _________ is what you can see of a person's response to the environment. Correct Answer Behavior The onset of menstruation usually occurs in women who are: Correct Answer between 11 and 16 years of age. After receiving online orders from medical control to preform a patient care intervention, you should: Correct Answer repeat the order to medical control word for word. In most instances, you should move a patient on a wheeled ambulance stretcher by: Correct Answer pushing the head of the stretcher while your partner guides the foot. Because the stinger of a honeybee remains in the wound following a sting: Correct Answer it ca continue to inject venom for up to 20 minutes. Common signs and symptoms of acute hyperventilation syndrome include: Correct Answer cool, clammy skin Functions of the liver include: Correct Answer secretion of bile and filtration of toxic substances.

According to the National EMS Scope of Practice Model, an EMT should be able to: Correct Answer insert a peripheral intravenous catheter Factors that contribute to a decline in the vital capacity of an elderly patient include all of the following, EXCEPT: Correct Answer increased surface area available for air exchange As the single EMT managing an apneic patient's airway, the preferred initial method of providing ventilations is the: Correct Answer mouth-to-mouth mask technique with a one way valve. Febrile seizures: Correct Answer are usually benign but should be evaluated. Common side effects of epinephrine include all of the following, EXCEPT: Correct Answer drowsiness Central chemoreceptors located in the medulla provide feedback to increase the rate and depth of breathing when they sense: Correct Answer slight increases in carbon dioxide or a decrease in the pH of the cerebrospinal fluid. Chronic renal failure is a condition that: Correct Answer is often caused by hypertension or diabetes. Blood that is ejected from the right ventricle: Correct Answer flows into the pulmonary arteries.

Each ovary produces an ovum in alternating months and releases it into the: Correct Answer fallopian tube. Cardiac output may decrease if the heart beats too rapidly because: Correct Answer there is not enough time in between contractions for the heart to refill completely. Activated charcoal may be indicated for a patient who ingested: Correct Answer aspirin The eyeball itself is referred to as the: Correct Answer globe Before giving activated charcoal, you should: Correct Answer obtain approval from medical control. A 25 year-old man overdosed on heroin and is unresponsive. His breathing is slow and shallow and he is bradycardia. He has track marks on both arms. The EMT should: Correct Answer insert a nasal airway and ventilate with a BVM. Nerve agents, a class of chemicals called organophosphates, were first discovered while in search of a superior: Correct Answer pesticide. An infant with a total blood volume of 800 mL would start showing signs of shock when as little as ______ of blood is lost. Correct Answer 100 mL

In contrast to AMI, a dissecting aortic aneurysm: Correct Answer often presents with pain that is maximal from the onset Shortly after loading your patient, a 50-year-old man with abdominal pain, into the ambulance, he tells you that he changed his mind and does not want to go to the hospital. He is conscious and alert and has no signs of mental incapacitation. You are suspicious that the man has a significant underlying condition and feel strongly that he should go to the hospital. Which of the following statements regarding this situation is correct? Correct Answer A mentally competent adult can withdraw his or her consent to treat at any time Fetal complications associated with drug-or alcohol- addicted mothers include all of the following, EXCEPT: Correct Answer profound tachycardia The mental status of a patient who has experienced a generalized seizure: Correct Answer is likely to improve over a period of 5 to 30 minutes In many states, a minor may be treated as an adult for the purpose of consenting to or refusing medical treatment if the minor: Correct Answer self-supporting and lives by himself or herself. A precipitous labor and delivery is MOST common in women who: Correct Answer have delivered a baby before.

A 67 year-old female with severe chest pain becomes unresponsive, pulseless, and apneic during transport. You should: Correct Answer placing her in an upright position. A 60 year-old female presents with a tearing sensation in her lower back. Her skin is sweaty and she is tachycardia. The EMT should suspect: Correct Answer aortic aneurysm In contrast to the parietal peritoneum, the visceral peritoneum: Correct Answer is supplied by nerves of the autonomic nervous system, which are less able to localize pain or sensation. Cardiogenic shock following AMI is caused by: Correct Answer decreased pumping force of the heart muscle After the fetus has descended into the pelvis at the end of the third trimester, many mothers experience: Correct Answer easier breathing. An infant is considered to be premature if it: Correct Answer weighs less than 5 Ib or is born before 36 weeks' gestation. You are dispatched to a residence for a 40-year-old female who fainted. Upon your arrival, the patient is conscious and alert, and states that she is fine. Her husband tells you that she fainted after receiving news that her sister was killed in a car crash. You offer oxygen to the patient, but she refuses to accept it. At this point,

your primary concern should be to: Correct Answer determine if she was injured when she fainted. Ischemic heart disease is defined as: Correct Answer decreased blood flow to one or more portions of the myocardium. You respond to a residence for a patient with a severe leg injury following an accident with a chainsaw. When you arrive, you find the patient, a 44-year-old male, lying supine in the backyard. He has a partial amputation of his right lower leg that is actively bleeding. The patient is conscious and breathing adequately; however, he is restless and his skin is diaphoretic. You should: Correct Answer apply direct pressure to the wound. _______ pressure is the pressure exerted by a liquid that occurs when blood moves through an artery at relatively high pressures. Correct Answer Hydrostatic A patient who is complaining of seeing flashing lights, specks, or "floaters" in his or her field of vision has MOST likely experienced: Correct Answer a detached retina A Patient in respiratory arrest at the scene of a multiple casualty incident would typically be classified as a fourth priority (black tag; expectant) patient, unless: Correct Answer there are enough resources to provide care for him or her.

Most medical models base a pregnant woman's due date: Correct Answer on the first day of her last menstrual cycle. The most basic functions of the body, such as breathing, blood pressure, and swallowing, are controlled by the: Correct Answer brain stem. Acute coronary syndrome (ACD) is a term used to describe: Correct Answer a group of symptoms that are caused by myocardial ischemia Anterior to the knee is a specialized bone called the: Correct Answer patella The cricoid cartilage: Correct Answer is the only complete circular cartilage of the trachea. Airborne substances should be diluted with: Correct Answer oxygen A raised, swollen, well-defined area on the skin that is the result of an insect bite or sting is called: Correct Answer a wheel A 75 year-old male with a terminal illness has died at home. As you and your partner enter the residence, a family member becomes verbally abusive, pushes you, and states that you took too long to get there. You should: Correct Answer retreat and notify law enforcement personnel