Emt final exam practice Year 2024/2025 Edition with A+ Answers., Exams of Nursing

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Emt final exam practice Year 2024/

Edition with A+ Answers.

1. _______________ is a cardiac arrhythmia characterized by a complete disorganization of electrical activity. a. Atrial fibrillation b. Pulseless electrical activity c. Ventricular tachycardia d. Ventricular fibrillation - ✔✔Ventricular fibrillation
2. A 10 year old male complains of a stiff neck and a fever. He is very confused and complains of extreme fatigue and headache. You should suspect a. diabetic reaction. b. epilepsy. c. febrile seizure. d. meningitis. - ✔✔meningitis.
3. A 11 year old male has crashed his bicycle. The patient's baby sitter is requesting to know the extent of his injuries. You should reply a. "I cannot tell you, this would be a violation of patient privacy and confidentiality." b. "You will have to wait and talk with his parents." c. "His leg appears to be broken, do you have a phone number for his parents."

d. "Please discuss this matter with the police, when they arrive." - ✔✔c. "His leg appears to be broken, do you have a phone number for his parents."

4. A 16 year old football player received a blow to his left femur. You can see deformity and the patient is in extreme pain. He does not remember how the injury happened. You should a. apply a long spine board and rapidly transport. b. immediately stabilize the cervical spine. c. apply a traction splint to the injured leg. d. apply a board splint. - ✔✔c. apply a traction splint to the injured leg.
5. A 17 year old patient has been assaulted. He is lying prone and responds only to painful stimuli. There is a screwdriver impaled in his shoulder. He is breathing at a rate of 12 and deep. You should a. begin ventilations with a bag-valve mask. b. carefully remove the screwdriver and roll the patient onto his back. c. insert an oral airway without moving the patient. d. stabilize the screwdriver and roll the patient onto his side. - ✔✔d. stabilize the screwdriver and roll the patient onto his side.
6. A 19 year old sexual assault victim is bleeding from an external vaginal laceration. You should a. apply direct pressure to the wound and transport in the Fowler's position.

b. have the patient apply a sterile, dry dressing to the wound. c. keep anything from touching the injury. d. pack the vagina with sterile dressing moistened with saline. - ✔✔c. keep anything from touching the injury.

7. A 2 year old boy has a circumferential burn to his hand up to the wrist. The mother tells you a pot of boiling water spilled onto the boy. You should a. transport and inform the ER that you suspect abuse. b. talk to the boy separately and ask if he is being abused. c. reassure the mother and treat the burn with moist dressing. d. confront the boy's mother about possible abuse. - ✔✔a. transport and inform the ER that you suspect abuse.
8. A 2 year old patient who has been sick all day, now has a barking cough. You should suspect a. chronic laryngospasm. b. asthma. c. croup. d. epiglottitis. - ✔✔c. croup.
9. A 2-year-old conscious and alert patient has ingested an unknown quantity of aspirin. You call medical control and may be advised to a. adminster syrup of ipecac by mouth. b. adminster activated charcoal by mouth. c. assist with the patient's prescribed epinephrine. d. perform several abdominal thrusts. - ✔✔b. adminster activated charcoal by mouth.

10. A 20 year old female complains of severe abdominal pain. She is in the fetal position. After your primary assessment, you should a. obtain baseline vital signs. b. palpate all 4 quadrants of abdomen. c. ask if she was assaulted. d. transport immediately to hospital. - ✔✔d. transport immediately to hospital.
11. A 22 year old male was hit in the head with a shovel. He has the following signs and symptoms altered mental status, increasing blood pressure, decreased pulse and unequal pupils. What should you suspect? a. Basilar skull fracture b. Decompensated hemorrhagic shock c. Increased intracranial pressure d. Blowout orbital fracture - ✔✔a. Basilar skull fracture
12. A 23 year old construction worker twisted his foot climbing up a ladder. He has an obvious deformity on the right leg just below the knee. The lower leg and foot are cyanotic and pulseless. You should a. Apply spinal immobilization and elevate the leg b. Apply an air splint and transport c. Pull gentle traction and apply a splint d. Apply a traction splint and transport - ✔✔b. Apply an air splint and transport

13. A 23 year old patient is lethargic. The patient just finished mowing the lawn. He is drooling and sweating profusely. You should suspect a. heat stroke. b. hypoglycemia. c. intoxication. d. hyperglycemia. - ✔✔a. heat stroke.
14. A 24 year old female has been stabbed and police state she is deceased. You note blood all over her clothing. You should a. do not disturb the crime scene. b. get permission from the police to move the patient. c. asses the airway and check for a pulse. d. remove her clothing and determine the extent of the wounds. - ✔✔a. do not disturb the crime scene.
15. A 24 year old male has been stabbed in the right chest. Which of the following signs should you expect? a. Increased respiratory effort b. Spontaneous pneumothorax c. Paradoxical chest movement d. Decreased heart rate - ✔✔b. Spontaneous pneumothorax
16. A 24 year old male with a history of asthma has stopped breathing. Which ventilation rate would be most appropriate? a. 24 breaths per minute b. 10 breaths per minute c. 20 breaths per minute d. 30 breaths per minute - ✔✔c. 20 breaths per minute

17. A 28 year old female who is 12 weeks pregnant has twisted her left knee while walking. She states the pain is 10/10 in severity. You should a. splint using board splints and cravats and transport sitting. b. apply a traction splint and immobilize with a long spine board. c. splint with the stretcher and straps and transport her on her left side. d. transport on her left side and hold manual stabilization until she gets to the hospital. - ✔✔a. splint using board splints and cravats and transport sitting.
18. A 30 year old male has been struck by a car. You note a contusion and pain to his left hip. There is no crepitous on exam. Vital signs are BP 110/60, P 72, R 12; You should suspect a. ecchymosis. b. neurogenic shock. c. fractured pelvis. d. long bone contusion. - ✔✔c. fractured pelvis.
19. A 30 year-old female is experiencing vaginal bleeding and abdominal pain. She is drowsy. Her skin is pale, cool, and clammy. Her vital signs are BP 90/60, P 120 and R. 20. You estimate that she may have lost 500 cc of blood. Which of the following should concern you the MOST? a. Cardiogenic shock due to lack of perfusion. b. Septic shock due to a serious infection. c. Neurogenic shock due to blood vessel dilation

d. Hypovolemic shock due to blood loss. - ✔✔Hypovolemic shock due to blood loss.

20. A 32-year-old female amputated her index finger in a table-saw accident. How should you care for the amputated finger? a. Soak the part in saline and place in a bag of ice b. Wrap it with moist, sterile gauze, place in a plastic bag and keep it cool c. Place the finger in a plastic bag and place the bag in icy water d. Wrap an occlusive dressing around the finger and place it in a bag - ✔✔c. Place the finger in a plastic bag and place the bag in icy water
21. A 4 year old female tracheostomy patient has pulled out her tracheostomy tube. The opening is partially obstructed with skin. You should a. use a soft tip catheter and suction until clear. b. wipe the area clean and perform mouth to stoma ventilation. c. cut the skin away from the stoma. d. insert a nasal airway into the stoma. - ✔✔b. wipe the area clean and perform mouth to stoma ventilation.
22. A 40 year old has just been struck by lightning. There are no visible wounds. You should suspect a. deep tissue damage. b. significant internal bleeding. c. permanent memory loss. d. spinal fracture. - ✔✔a. deep tissue damage.

23. A 40 year old male complains of abdominal pain after being assaulted. His abdomen is rigid and tender on assessment. Vital signs are BP 108/68, P 116, and R 26. You should suspec a. compensated shock. b. a pneumothorax. c. a ruptured diaphragm. d. decompensated shock. - ✔✔a. compensated shock.
24. A 45 year old female patient complaining of left sided chest discomfort. Her vital signs are BP 108/68, P 104, R 20, and her fingers are blue. You should a. administer oxygen by nonrebreather at 15L/minute. b. ventilate using the bag-valve-mask at 15 L/minute. c. use flow restricted positive pressure ventilation. d. administer oxygen by nasal cannula a 4L/minute. - ✔✔a. administer oxygen by nonrebreather at 15L/minute.
25. A 45 year old male farmer has been working with dry lime. The patient has large amounts of this powder on both legs. You should a. wash off the powder with water and transport. b. use vinegar to dilute and transport. c. use milk to dilute and cocoon the patient. d. gently brush off excess powder and transport. - ✔✔d. gently brush off excess powder and transport.

26. A 45-year-old diabetic patient is experiencing left arm pain and is sweating profusely. You should a. administer sub-lingual nitroglycerine. b. administer oxygen via bag-valve-mask. c. administer oral glucose. d. administer oxygen via nasal cannula. - ✔✔c. administer oral glucose.
27. A 46 year old female was involved in bar fight and has an obvious open neck wound. You should dress this wound with a/an a. occlusive dressing. b. pressure dressing. c. sterile gauze dressing. d. moist gauze dressing. - ✔✔c. sterile gauze dressing.
28. A 56 year old male is complaining of severe chest pain. He took Viagra two hours ago and has been physically active. You should a. assure an open airway and continue gathering a history. b. administer oxygen and request an advanced life support intercept. c. monitor vitals signs, if blood pressure is above 100 systolic administer nitroglycerin and apply oxygen. d. assist the patient in taking his nitroglycerin and apply oxgyen. - ✔✔b. administer oxygen and request an advanced life support intercept.

29. A 60 year old female has chest pain. She has not taken her prescribed nitroglycerin. You should a. immediately attach the AED and begin transportation to the nearest hospital. b. consult medical direction with regard to assisting the patient in taking the nitroglycerin. c. determine what type of cardiac problem the patient has, and assist her with taking the nitroglycerin. d. administer aspirin only and withhold the prescribed nitroglycerin. - ✔✔b. consult medical direction with regard to assisting the patient in taking the nitroglycerin.
30. A 60 year old patient with a stoma is apneic. You have been suctioning pink frothy sputum for 10 seconds and you continue to get more material. You should a. stop suctioning and give a breath. b. use a saline solution to moisten secretions and continue suctioning. c. continue suctioning and have a partner ventilate through the patient's mouth. d. suction until the airway is clear. - ✔✔a. stop suctioning and give a breath.

31. A 62 year old female is complaining of crushing chest pain that radiates to between her shoulder blades. She is very pale, diaphoretic, and feels nauseous. You should suspect a/an a. hypoglycemic reaction. b. cerebrovascular event. c. asthma attack. d. cardiac event. - ✔✔d. cardiac event.
32. A 62 year old female patient is clutching her chest inside a local restaurant. She is unable to breathe. You should a. Apply oxygen and assess her pulse b. Begin cardiopulmonary resuscitation c. Perform a blind finger sweep d. Perform a series of abdominal thrusts - ✔✔a. Apply oxygen and assess her pulse
33. A 62 year old female who has been drinking alcoholic beverages is feeling dizzy. She cannot walk and she complains of a severe headache. You should suspect a. hemorrhagic stroke. b. acute alcohol intoxication. c. delirium tremens. d. severe migraine. - ✔✔b. acute alcohol intoxication.

34. A 66 year old male is confused. He has a history of substance abuse and falls. His breath smells of alcoholic beverage. He is alert and refusing service. You should a. document his refusal and recommend that he see his doctor. b. have the police transport the patient to a detox unit. c. speak calmly to him and convince him to accept transport. d. obtain consent from his family and transport. - ✔✔d. obtain consent from his family and transport.
35. A 67 year old female is short of breath and sitting in a tripod position. She is on home oxygen and has had a productive cough over the last few days. During your exam, you note that she is wheezing and breathing with pursed lips. SpO2 is 93%. What should you suspect? a. Pulmonary embolism b. Acute myocardial infarction c. Obstructive pulmonary disease d. Anaphylactic reaction - ✔✔Obstructive pulmonary disease
36. A 67 year old female just had a syncopal episode while using the toilet. Vitals are BP 100/60, P 110 irregular, R 12. She is weak and dizzy. You should suspect a a. cerebral vascular accident. b. gastrointestinal obstruction. c. acute myocardial infarction.

d. cardiac rhythm disturbance. - ✔✔d. cardiac rhythm disturbance.

37. A 7 year old female fell out of the tree and was unconscious for 2 minutes. The patient is very scared and combative. You should a. place patient on stretcher. b. apply a c-collar and backboard. c. obtain parental consent prior to transport. d. apply four point restraints and transport rapidly. - ✔✔b. apply a c-collar and backboard.
38. A 72 year old female patient is unresponsive following an ejection from a vehicle crash. She has an open jaw fracture and a dilated right pupil. What is the best way to open this patient's airway? a. Insert an oral airway b. Insert a nasal airway c. Perform a jaw thrust d. Perform a modified head-tilt chin-lift - ✔✔b. Insert a nasal airway
39. A 72 year old patient is suddenly unable to speak and begins staring off towards the right. You should first a. administer oral glucose. b. transport the patient in the supine position. c. insert an oral airway.

d. note the time and apply oxygen. - ✔✔d. note the time and apply oxygen.

40. A 72 year old with heart problems fell out of bed. He is confused and has pale and sweaty skin. You should a. check vital signs and apply an AED. b. take spinal precautions and rapidly transport. c. perform a detailed physical examination. d. interview the neighbors to get a detailed history. - ✔✔b. take spinal precautions and rapidly transport.
41. A 73 year old male is sitting in the tripod position. As you approach, he motions for assistance in using his inhaler. What should you do? a. Ventilate with a bag-valve mask b. Administer his prescribed inhaler c. Assess his airway status d. Administer oxygen via nonrebreather - ✔✔c. Assess his airway status
42. A 75 year old female patient has a partial thickness, thermal burn on her right forearm. You should a. place a moist dressing over the burn. b. place the patient on oxygen by nasal cannula at 2 lpm. c. place a dry sterile dressing or sheet over the burn.

d. pour water over the burn to cool the site. - ✔✔c. place a dry sterile dressing or sheet over the burn.

43. A 75 year old patient is complaining of shortness of breath. Vital signs are BP 160/88, P 130, and R 22 with crackles in the bases of the lungs. You should a. assist the patient with their prescribed inhaler. b. perform a detailed chest assessment. c. obtain a complete SAMPLE history. d. administer oxygen via mask. - ✔✔d. administer oxygen via mask.
44. A 84 year old female is anxious and complaining shortness of breath. She has been a smoker for "most of her life." Upon examination, you find she has pedal edema. She is coughing up pink frothy sputum. You should suspect a. acute myocardial infarction. b. chronic bronchitis. c. congestive heart failure. d. complication of emphysema. - ✔✔b. chronic bronchitis.
45. A common symptom of cardiac compromise is chest pain or discomfort known as a. angina b. ischemia

c. myocardial infarction d. fibrillation - ✔✔ischemia

46. A conscious 7 year old patient has chemical burns around her mouth from ingesting drain cleaner. Her breathing is adequate. You should a. administer activated charcoal. b. evaluate patient's airway. c. contact medical control. d. flush burns with water. - ✔✔evaluate patient's airway.
47. A diabetic patient was reported missing last evening. He is found unresponsive, lying in a ditch along the road in approximately two inches of water. Vital signs are BP 96/40. P 38, R 6. You should a. place heat packs on the patient's groin, neck and armpits. b. wrap the patient in blankets and transport. c. place the patient in Trendelenburg position. d. place glucose between the patient's cheek and gum. - ✔✔b. wrap the patient in blankets and transport.
48. A father has dialed 911 because his 5 year old daughter is choking. She is coughing vigorously. You should a. encourage the patient to keep coughing b. perform abdominal thrusts until the object clears c. suction with a bulb syringe

d. sweep the mouth with gloved fingers - ✔✔a. encourage the patient to keep coughing

49. A five year old female with asthma is having intercostal retractions. She cannot hold her head up to talk. You should a. administer oxygen via blow-by at 6 lpm. b. contact medical control before assisting patient with prescribed inhaler. c. administer oxygen via nonrebreather mask at 15 lpm. d. ventilate via bag-valve mask at 15 lpm. - ✔✔b. contact medical control before assisting patient with prescribed inhaler.
50. A four year old patient has hot, dry skin after being inside a car with the windows rolled up on a hot day. You should a. call the police to report suspected child abuse. b. cover with wet blankets to prevent rapid cooling. c. rapidly cool the patient with ice packs everywhere. d. pour water on patient and fan them vigorously. - ✔✔b. cover with wet blankets to prevent rapid cooling.
51. A four year old patient is experiencing breathing difficulty and is not tolerating an oxygen mask. You should a. have the mother hold the mask over the patient's face. b. place the patient on the stretcher and hold the mask on the face.

c. have the mother hold the mask near the patient's face. d. ventilate using a bag-valve-mask device with supplemental oxygen. - ✔✔a. have the mother hold the mask over the patient's face.

52. A good EMS quality improvement (QI) program includes a. response to media requests for patient data. b. annual review of ambulance fees. c. education and feedback regarding patient care. d. discipline for agency policy infractions. - ✔✔c. education and feedback regarding patient care.
53. A malfunction of the heart's electrical system may result in a. pericarditis. b. aneurysm. c. arrhythmia. d. atherosclerosis. - ✔✔c. arrhythmia.
54. A patient becomes unresponsive. You find she is apneic and pulseless. You should a. start CPR and apply the AED. b. apply O2 via BVM and apply the AED. c. request advanced life support and begin CPR. d. apply the AED and analyze. - ✔✔a. start CPR and apply the AED.

55. A patient complains of left side chest discomfort. The vital signs are BP 108/68, P 104, R 24, SpO2 90%, and her hands are cyanotic. You should a. use flow restricted positive pressure ventilation. b. ventilate using the bag-valve-mask at 15 L/minute. c. administer oxygen by nasal cannula a 4L/minute. d. administer oxygen by nonrebreather at 15L/minute. - ✔✔d. administer oxygen by nonrebreather at 15L/minute.
56. A patient has been kicked in the chest. One section of ribs is moving separately during respirations. You should a. listen for lung sounds. b. transport emergently. c. initiate positive pressure ventilations. d. place a sandbag on the injury. - ✔✔a. listen for lung sounds.
57. A patient involved in a vehicle crash does not open his eyes, respond verbally, or move when stimulated. What is his Glasgow Coma Score? a. 3 b. 15 c. 1 d. 0 - ✔✔a. 3

58. A patient is experiencing seizure activity and a bystander has placed a spoon in the patient's mouth to help control the airway. You should a. tape the spoon in place to protect the airway. b. remove the spoon and establish an airway. c. restrain the patient's movements. d. hold the spoon in place and grab the patient's tongue. - ✔✔b. remove the spoon and establish an airway.
59. A patient is in respiratory distress after eating soup brought by her neighbor. Her neighbor states "She was eating and suddenly her throat got tight." She is sitting bolt upright in a tripod position. You should suspect a. emphysema. b. anaphylaxis. c. asthma. d. choking. - ✔✔d. choking.
60. A patient with chest discomfort becomes unresponsive during transportation to the hospital. What is the most appropriate action? a. Confirm pulselessness, initiate CPR, stop the vehicle and apply an AED. b. Stop vehicle, confirm pulselessness and apnea, apply an AED, and shock if necessary. c. Start CPR while you assess for pulselessness and apnea, then apply AED and shock if necessary.

d. Confirm pulselessness and apnea, apply an AED, and advise partner to drive vehicle emergently. - ✔✔a. Confirm pulselessness, initiate CPR, stop the vehicle and apply an AED.

61. A pulseless and apneic 68 year old male has an implanted pacemaker in his right shoulder. Without delaying defibrillation where should you apply the AED pads? a. Right shoulder (directly over the pacemaker) and the left lower chest b. Left shoulder (to avoid pacemaker) and right lower chest c. Nipple line under the left and right armpits d. Anterior chest and back (between shoulder blades) - ✔✔a. Right shoulder (directly over the pacemaker) and the left lower chest
62. A seventeen-year old patient has ingested sleeping pills and alcohol. They are responsive only to pain. Vital signs are BP 100/60, P 58, R 8. You should a. place patient into recovery position. b. contact the parents for consent to transport. c. administer activated charcoal. d. ventilate with a bag-valve-mask. - ✔✔d. ventilate with a bag- valve-mask.

63. A victim of smoke inhalation has developed difficulty breathing. He does not like the smell of the mask you are using to deliver oxygen. You should a. explain that the mask is very important and continue its use. b. administer blow-by oxygen via simple mask. c. switch to a nasal cannula set to deliver oxygen at 6 L/min. d. restrain the patient and continue administering oxygen via non-rebreather mask. - ✔✔a. explain that the mask is very important and continue its use.
64. According to family members, your patient has been seizing for ten minutes. You should
65. a. open the airway and provide oxygen. b. administer one tube of oral glucose. c. place the patient in the shock position. d. hold the patient's arms and legs securely. - ✔✔a. open the airway and provide oxygen.
66. After air passes through the vocal cords during inhalation, which structure does it reach next?
67. a. Bronchus b. Alveolus c. Trachea d. Epiglottis - ✔✔c. Trachea

68. After delivering a shock with an AED, the patient begins to move and speak. You should
69. a. begin bag-valve-mask ventilations. b. assess vital signs and begin transport. c. immediately remove the AED pads to avoid accidental shock. d. perform a sternal rub to assess level of consciousness. - ✔✔b. assess vital signs and begin transport.
70. Albuterol is an example of a(an)
71. a. vasoconstrictor medication. b. vasodilator medication. c. beta-agonist medication. d. antihypertensive medication. - ✔✔b. vasodilator medication.
72. All of the following are indications for the use of nitroglycerin EXCEPT
73. a. the patient's physician has prescribed nitroglycerin. b. patient has a history of cardiac problems. c. patient complains of chest pain. d. the patient's systolic blood pressure is less than 90. - ✔✔d. the patient's systolic blood pressure is less than 90.
74. Allowing for appropriate time on exhalation when assisting ventilations can reduce/alleviate

a. the amount of air required to ventilate. b. secretions when suctioning the patient's airway. c. gastric distention. d. airway obstructions. - ✔✔c. gastric distention.

76. An 18 year old hiker has been bitten by a rattle snake. Vital Signs are BP 140/90, P 130, R 24. You should
77. a. Apply a tourniquet to the limb above the bite b. Vigorously scrub the area with soap and water c. Calm the patient and coach him not to move d. Make an incision on the site and suction the venom out - ✔✔a. Apply a tourniquet to the limb above the bite
78. An 18 year old male has become increasingly shaky several minutes after administration of a prescribed bronchodilator. You should
79. a. assist the patient with another dose of the medication. b. continue to reassess the patient every 5 minutes. c. document the patient's response to the medication. d. contact medical control to report the patient's response. - ✔✔b. continue to reassess the patient every 5 minutes.
80. An 18 year old soccer player is feeling disoriented. He has been playing soccer in 90 degree heat. You should
81. a. move the patient somewhere cool and assess vital signs.

b. remove the patient's clothes and pour ice cold water on him. c. direct the patient to drink at least 8 oz. of orange juice. d. direct the patient to rest on the bench until he feels better. - ✔✔a. move the patient somewhere cool and assess vital signs.

82. An AED has advised no shock be delivered to a 60 year old pulseless and apneic patient. You should
83. a. reposition the airway and perform a finger sweep. b. leave the AED pads in place and begin CPR. c. reposition the AED pads and attempt to defibrillate. d. turn off the AED and begin CPR immediately. - ✔✔b. leave the AED pads in place and begin CPR.
84. An alert and oriented male is complaining of severe chest pain, but he refuses transportation against medical advice. You should
85. a. accept his right to refuse care and leave the scene. b. insist that he be transported by ambulance. c. ask family to help convince him to be transported. d. contact law enforcement for assistance. - ✔✔c. ask family to help convince him to be transported.
86. An infant is choking on a piece of candy. You are unable to see chest rise after numerous attempts to ventilate. You should
87. a. perform abdominal thrusts. b. apply an automatic external defibrillator.