EMT FISDAP READINESS EXAM 4 Questions and Answers (2023) (Verified Answers), Exams of Nursing

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EMT FISDAP READINESS EXAM 4 Questions and Answers (2023)

(Verified Answers)

1. In contrast to the assessment of a trauma patient, assessment of a medical patient almost exclusively focuses on physical signs that indicate the patient is experiencing a problem. is focused on the nature of illness, the patient's chief complaint, and his or her symptoms. requires a thorough head-to-toe exam that involves a detailed assessment of all body systems. is not as complex for the EMT because most patients typically present with classic symptoms.(ANSWER) b 2. Which of the following statements regarding medical emergencies is cor- rect? Medical emergencies always take priority over traumatic injuries. Medical emergencies can appear to be trauma in nature. Medical emergencies and traumatic injuries always have distinctive presen- tations. Medical emergencies rarely precipitate traumatic injuries.(ANSWER) b 3. You and your EMT partner arrive at the residence of a 50-year-old man who complains of weakness. Your primary assessment reveals that he is critically ill and will require aggressive treatment. The closest hospital is 25 miles away. You should(Answer) perform a detailed secondary assessment, assess his vital signs, and then transport rapidly.

manage all threats to airway, breathing, and circulation and consider request- ing an ALS unit. administer oxygen via nonrebreathing mask and obtain as much of his medical history as possible. load him into the ambulance, begin transport, and perform all treatment en route to the hospital.(ANSWER) b

4. ou have just completed your primary assessment of a 48-year-old man with crushing chest pain. The patient has been given 324 mg of aspirin and is receiving high-flow oxygen via nonrebreathing mask. As you begin your secondary assessment, you note that his mental status has deteriorated and he is now bradycardic. You should(Answer) continue with your secondary assessment. prepare the patient for immediate transport. insert a nasal airway and assist his breathing. request an ALS unit to respond to the scene.(ANSWER) b
5. A 33-year-old female presents with lower abdominal quadrant pain. She is conscious and alert, but in moderate pain. While your partner is asking her questions about her medical history, you take her vital signs. When you assess her radial pulse, you are unable to locate it. You should(Answer) assess the rate, regularity, and quality of her carotid pulse. advise your partner that the patient's blood pressure is low. immediately take her blood pressure to see if she is hypotensive.

conclude that she is perfusing adequately since she is conscious.(ANSWER)

a

6. Ten days after treating a 34-year-old patient with tuberculosis, you are given a tuberculin skin test, which yields a positive result. This MOST likely indicates that(Answer) you are actively infected with tuberculosis and should be treated immediate- ly. the disease is dormant in your body, but will probably never cause symp- toms. you contracted the disease by casual contact instead of exposure to secre- tions. you were exposed to another infected person prior to treating the 34-year- old patient.(ANSWER) d
7. Which of the following statements regarding the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is correct? HIV is far more contagious than hepatitis B and is easily transmitted in the health care setting. The risk of HIV infection is high, even if an infected person's blood comes in contact with your intact skin. The risk of HIV infection is greatest when deposited on a mucous membrane or directly into the bloodstream. Most patients who are infected with HIV experience chronic symptoms that vary in duration and severity.(ANSWER) c
8. A 58-year-old man complains of chest discomfort and nausea. He is conscious and alert. His blood pressure is 140/90 mm Hg, his pulse is 104 beats/min, and his respirations are 16 breaths/min. Your partner has

applied supplemental oxygen. Prior to assisting the patient with one of his prescribed nitroglycerin tablets, you ask him if he takes medication to treat erectile dysfunction and he tells you that he does. You should(Answer) avoid giving him nitroglycerin and transport him at once. ask him what he takes, how much, and when he last took it. recall that medications for erectile dysfunction can cause hypertension if given with nitroglycerin. administer his nitroglycerin and then reassess his blood pressure.(ANSWER) b

9. Your primary assessment of an elderly woman reveals that she is con- scious and alert, but she is experiencing difficulty breathing. She has a history of emphysema, hypertension, and congestive heart failure. As you assess the patient's circulatory status, you should direct your partner to(Answer) perform a head-to-toe secondary assessment. assess her oxygen saturation and blood pressure. retrieve the stretcher and prepare for transport. administer oxygen with the appropriate device.(ANSWER) d
10. Which of the following is MOST characteristic of adequate breathing? 22 breaths/min with an irregular pattern of breathing and cyanosis

20 breaths/min with shallow movement of the chest wall and pallor 24 breaths/min with bilaterally equal breath sounds and pink skin 30 breaths/min with supraclavicular retractions and clammy skin(ANSWER) c

11. You are dispatched to a residence for a 67-year-old female who was awak- ened by shortness of breath and sharp chest pain. Her husband tells you

that she was recently discharged from the hospital after having hip surgery. Your assessment reveals dried blood around her mouth, facial cyanosis, and an oxygen saturation of 88%. This patient's presentation is MOST consistent with(Answer) acute pulmonary edema. right-sided heart failure. acute pulmonary embolism. spontaneous pneumothorax.(ANSWER) c

12. Which of the following statements regarding anaphylaxis is correct? Patients with asthma are at lower risk of developing anaphylaxis. Anaphylaxis is characterized by airway swelling and hypotension. Most anaphylactic reactions occur within 60 minutes after exposure. The signs of anaphylaxis are caused by widespread vasoconstriction.(ANSWER) b
13. A 59-year-old male with a history of emphysema complains of an acute worsening of his dyspnea and pleuritic chest pain following a forceful cough. Your assessment reveals that he has a barrel-shaped chest, unilaterally diminished breath sounds, and tachycardia. What is the MOST likely cause of this patient's condition? rupture of the diaphragm

exacerbation of his COPD acute pulmonary embolism

spontaneous pneumothorax(ANSWER) d

14. You receive a call for a 70-year-old female with respiratory distress. Her husband tells you that she has congestive heart failure; however, he does not think that she has been taking her medications as prescribed.The patient is laboring to breathe, appears tired, and has cyanosis around her lips. You should(Answer) assist her ventilations with a bag-mask device. apply a pulse oximeter and obtain vital signs. administer oxygen via a nonrebreathing mask. obtain a complete list of all of her medications.(ANSWER) a
15. 22-year-old female patient is complaining of dyspnea and numbness and tingling in her hands and feet after an argument with her fiancé. Her respirations are 40 breaths/min. You should(Answer) have her breathe into a paper or plastic bag. provide reassurance and give oxygen as needed. request a paramedic to give her a sedative drug. position her on her left side and transport at once.(ANSWER) b
16. A 62-year-old man with a history of congestive heart failure presents with severe respiratory distress and an oxygen saturation of 82%. When you auscultate his lungs, you hear widespread rales. He is conscious and alert, is able to follow simple commands, and can only speak in two- to three-

word sentences at a time. You should(Answer)

place him in a position of comfort, deliver oxygen via nasal cannula, and closely monitor his breathing. apply a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) device, monitor his blood pressure, and observe him for signs of improvement or deterioration. force fluid from his alveoli by hyperventilating him with a bag-mask device at a rate of at least 20 breaths/min. place him in a supine position and assist his ventilations with a bag- mask device and high-flow oxygen.(ANSWER) b

17. A conscious and alert 29-year-old woman with a history of asthma com- plains of difficulty breathing that began after her morning jog. The temper- ature outside is 40°F (5°C). On examination, you hear bilateral expiratory wheezing. After providing 100% oxygen, you should(Answer) place her in a recumbent position to facilitate breathing. contact medical control and administer an antihistamine. call medical control and ask how to proceed with treatment. determine if she has been prescribed a beta-agonist inhaler.(ANSWER) d
18. While auscultating an elderly woman's breath sounds, you hear low-pitched "rattling" sounds at the bases of both of her lungs. This finding is MOST consistent with which of the following conditions? acute asthma attack widespread atelectasis aspiration pneumonia

early pulmonary

edema(ANSWER) c

19. When auscultating the lungs of a patient with respiratory distress, you hear adventitious sounds. This means that the patient has(Answer) normal breath sounds. abnormal breath sounds. diminished breath sounds. an absence of breath sounds.(ANSWER) b
20. A 60-year-old man presents with acute respiratory distress. He is con- scious and alert, has pink, dry skin, and has respirations of 24 breaths/min with adequate depth. Which of the following treatment modalities is MOST appropriate for this patient? assisted ventilation with a bag-mask device and a head-to-toe exam oxygen via nonrebreathing mask and a focused secondary assessment positive-pressure ventilations and immediate transport to the closest hospi- tal oxygen via a nasal cannula, vital signs, and prompt transport to the hospi- tal(ANSWER) b
21. A 30-year-old man presents with acute shortness of breath, widespread hives, and facial swelling. He denies any past medical history and takes no medications. During your assessment, you hear wheezing over all lung fields. His blood pressure is 90/50 mm Hg and his heart rate is 110 beats/min. In addition to giving him 100% oxygen, the MOST important treatment for

this patient is(Answer) albuterol. epinephrine. an antihistamine. a beta-antagonist.(ANSWER) b

22. An alert patient presents with a regular pattern of inhalation and exhala- tion and breath sounds that are clear and equal on both sides of the chest. These findings are consistent with(Answer) an obstructed airway. adequate air exchange. respiratory difficulty. respiratory insufficiency.(ANSWER) b
23. At 0500 hours, you respond to the home of a 76-year-old man complaining of chest pain. Upon arrival, the patient states that he had been sleeping in the recliner all night due to indigestion, when the pain woke him up. He also tells you he has taken two nitroglycerin tablets. His vital signs are as follows(ANSWER) respirations, 16 breaths/min; pulse, 98 beats/min; blood pressure, 92/76 mmHg. He is still complaining of chest pain. What actions should you take to intervene? Provide high-flow oxygen. Administer a third nitroglycerin tablet. Apply an AED.

Begin chest compressions.(ANSWER) a

24. Your EMS team is performing CPR on a 60-year-old male in cardiac arrest. You connect the AED, push the analyze button, and receive a "no shock advised" message. You should(Answer)

reanalyze the patient's cardiac rhythm. perform CPR for 2 minutes and reassess. determine if a palpable pulse is present. immediately assess the patient's airway.(ANSWER) b

25. You are dispatched to a convenience store for a patient who passed out. Upon arriving at the scene, you find two bystanders performing CPR on the patient, a 58-year-old male. Your initial action should be to(Answer) assess the effectiveness of the bystanders' CPR. quickly attach the AED and push the analyze button. have the bystanders stop CPR and assess the patient. request a paramedic unit and quickly attach the AED.(ANSWER) c
26. A 66-year-old female with a history of hypertension and diabetes presents with substernal chest pressure of 2 hours' duration. Her blood pressure is 140/90 mm Hg, her pulse is 100 beats/min and irregular, and her respira- tions are 22 breaths/min with adequate depth. The patient does not have prescribed nitroglycerin, but her husband does. You should(Answer) administer oxygen, give her 324 mg aspirin, and assess her further. obtain a SAMPLE history and contact medical control for

advice. give her 100% oxygen, attach the AED, and transport immediately.

apply oxygen via a nonrebreathing mask, place her on her left side, and give her one nitroglycerin and reassess her systolic blood pressure.(ANSWER) a

27. You are dispatched to a residence for a 56-year-old male with an altered mental status. Upon arrival at the scene, the patient's wife tells you that he complained of chest pain the day before, but would not allow her to call EMS. The patient is semiconscious; has rapid, shallow respirations; and has a thready pulse. You should(Answer) obtain baseline vital signs. begin ventilatory assistance. attach the automated external defibrillator (AED) immediately. apply a nonrebreathing mask.(ANSWER) b
28. You are assessing a 49-year-old man who complains of chest pressure that began the night before. He is conscious, but anxious, and tells you he has a history of angina and hypertension. After applying high-flow oxygen, you expose his chest to auscultate his lungs and note that he has a nitro- glycerin patch on his right upper chest. His skin is cool and pale, his blood pressure is 78/50 mm Hg, and his pulse is 110 beats/min and irregular. You should(Answer) remove the nitroglycerin patch, place him in a supine position and elevate his lower extremities, and prepare for immediate transport. immediately remove the nitroglycerin patch, apply the AED in case he devel- ops cardiac arrest, and transport to the closest hospital. move the nitroglycerin patch to the other side of his chest in case you need

apply oxygen via a nonrebreathing mask, place her on her left side, and to apply the AED, keep him warm, and transport without delay. ask him if the nitroglycerin patch he is wearing has improved his chest pressure, complete your secondary assessment, and transport promptly.(ANSWER) a

29. You and your partner arrive at the scene of a middle- aged man who collapsed about 5 minutes ago. He is unresponsive, apneic, and pulseless.Bystanders are present, but have not provided any care. You should(Answer) begin CPR and apply the AED without delay. have your partner perform CPR while you question bystanders. perform two-rescuer CPR for 5 minutes and request ALS backup. immediately apply the AED pads and analyze the cardiac rhythm.(ANSWER) a
30. A 40-year-old man is in cardiac arrest. Your partner is performing CPR. You are attaching the AED when the patient's wife tells you that he has an automatic implantable cardiac defibrillator (AICD). The AED advises that a shock is indicated. What should you do? Avoid defibrillation as this will damage the patient's AICD. Contact medical control and request permission to defibrillate. Deliver the shock followed by immediate resumption of CPR. Continue CPR and transport the patient to the closest appropriate hospital.- (ANSWER) c
31. A 66-year-old woman presents with a stabbing pain in the middle of her

apply oxygen via a nonrebreathing mask, place her on her left side, and chest that radiates to her back. She tells you that the pain suddenly began about 30 minutes ago and has been severe since the onset. She has a history of hypertension, but admits to not being compliant with her regimen of antihypertensive medications. During the primary assessment, you find that her blood pressure is significantly higher in her left arm than it is in her right arm. What do these signs and symptoms MOST likely indicate? unstable angina dissecting aortic aneurysm AMI hypertensive emergency(ANSWER) b

32. A 67-year-old woman presents with difficulty breathing and chest dis- comfort that awakened her from her sleep. She states that she has conges- tive heart failure, has had two previous heart attacks, and has prescribed nitroglycerin. She is conscious and alert with adequate breathing. Her blood pressure is 94/64 mm Hg and her heart rate is 120 beats/min. Treatment for this patient includes(Answer) nitroglycerin for her chest pain. ventilations with a bag-mask device. oxygen at 4 L/min via nasal cannula. placing her in an upright position.(ANSWER) d
33. You are called to a home and find a 56-year-old woman supine in her bed. She appears alert, but has slurred speech. Her family tells you she has a history of TIAs and hypertension.You ask the patient, "What day is it

apply oxygen via a nonrebreathing mask, place her on her left side, and today?" Her reply is "butterfly." Which area of the brain is likely affected? Occipital lobe Left hemisphere Cerebellum Right hemisphere(ANSWER) b

34. You arrive at a local grocery store approximately 5 minutes after a 21-year-old female stopped seizing. She is confused and disoriented; she keeps asking you what happened and tells you that she is thirsty. Her brother, who witnessed the seizure, tells you that she takes phenytoin (Dilantin) for administer one tube of oral glucose and prepare for immediate transport. place her in the recovery position and transport her with lights and siren. monitor her airway and breathing status and assess her blood glucose level. give her small cups of water to drink and observe for further seizure activi- ty.(ANSWER) c
35. You arrive at a grocery store shortly after a 35-year-old male stopped seizing. Your assessment reveals that he is confused and incontinent of urine. The patient's girlfriend tells you that he has a history of seizures and takes carbamazepine (Tegretol).When obtaining further medical history from the girlfriend, it is MOST important to(Answer)

apply oxygen via a nonrebreathing mask, place her on her left side, and determine if the patient is a known alcohol abuser. obtain a description of how the seizure developed. determine when he was last seen by his physician. ask her how long the patient has been taking his medication.(ANSWER) b

36. Law enforcement has summoned you to a nightclub, where a 22-year-old female was found unconscious in an adjacent alley. Your primary assess- ment reveals that her respirations are rapid and shallow and her pulse is rapid and weak. She is wearing a medical alert bracelet that identifies her as an epileptic.There is an empty bottle of vodka next to the patient.You should(Answer) place a bite block in her mouth in case she has a seizure and transport at once.

transport. assist ventilations, perform a rapid exam, and prepare for immediate trans- port. apply oxygen via nonrebreathing mask and transport her for a blood- alcohol test.(ANSWER) c

37. A 29-year-old man is experiencing a severe headache and nausea that has gradually worsened over the past 12 hours. He is conscious, alert, and oriented and tells you that his physician gave him a diagnosis of migraine headaches. He further tells you that he has taken numerous different medica- tions, but none of them seem to help. His blood pressure is 132/74 mm Hg, his pulse is 110 beats/min and strong, and his respirations are 20 breaths/min and adequate. In addition to high-flow oxygen, further treatment should include(Answer) assisting him with his migraine medication and transporting without lights and siren. placing him in a supine position and transporting with lights and siren to a stroke center. applying warm compresses to the back of his neck and transporting with lights and siren. dimming the lights in the back of the ambulance and transporting without lights and siren.(ANSWER) d
38. What Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score would you assign to a patient who responds to painful stimuli, uses inappropriate words, and maintains his or her arms in a flexed position? 6 8

10 (ANSWER) b

39. You are caring for a semiconscious man with left-sided paralysis. His airway is patent and his respirations are 14 breaths/min with adequate tidal volume. Treatment for this patient should include(Answer) oxygen via a nonrebreathing mask, left lateral recumbent position, and trans- port. assisted ventilation with a bag-mask device, right lateral recumbent position, and transport. an oral airway, assisted ventilation with a bag-mask device, Fowler's posi- tion, and transport. oxygen via a nonrebreathing mask, supine position with legs elevated 6 to 12 inches, and transport.(ANSWER) a
40. You respond to a residence for a child who is having a seizure. Upon arrival at the scene, you enter the residence and find the mother holding her child, a 2-year-old boy. The child is conscious and crying. According to the mother, the child had been running a high fever and then experienced a seizure that lasted approximately 3 minutes. You should(Answer) cover the child with wet towels and give oxygen via nasal cannula. transport the child to the hospital and reassure the mother en route. advise the mother to take her child to the doctor the following day. call medical control and request permission to give the child aspirin.(ANSWER) b

41. ou are assessing a 49-year-old man who, according to his wife, experi- enced a sudden, severe headache and then passed out. He is unresponsive and has slow, irregular breathing. His blood pressure is 190/94 mm Hg and