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English Grammar Tenses and Sentence Structure, Schemes and Mind Maps of English

A comprehensive overview of the key english grammar concepts, including the present tense, present continuous tense, present perfect tense, past tense, and sentence structure. It covers the usage, formation, and examples of these grammatical elements, equipping readers with a solid understanding of how to effectively communicate in english. The document delves into the nuances of tense usage, highlighting the differences between permanent situations, general truths, and temporary arrangements. It also explores the formation of negative sentences, questions, and the use of various adverbs and conjunctions to enhance sentence structure. Additionally, the document introduces common prepositions, transition words, and correlative conjunctions, demonstrating how they can be employed to create more cohesive and logical written and spoken english. This comprehensive resource is valuable for language learners, students, and anyone seeking to improve their english proficiency.

Typology: Schemes and Mind Maps

2023/2024

Uploaded on 08/22/2024

jade-ng-1
jade-ng-1 🇹🇼

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Download English Grammar Tenses and Sentence Structure and more Schemes and Mind Maps English in PDF only on Docsity! # 時態 (Tense) Present Tense A. Use: (everyday, often, sometimes, always, usually, seldom, never, first…then, …) 1. Habits/ Repeated actions 習慣/重複的行動 She goes to church every Sunday. 2. Permanent situations 固定狀態 Leon lives in Beijing. 3. General truths 恆常事實 The earth rotates once every 24 hours. B. Form: Base form: e.g. I go to church every Sunday. Base form + (e)s: e.g. Sandy goes to church every Sunday. Negative: doesn't/ don't + base form Question: do/ does + subject + base form Present Continuous Tense A. Use: (now, at the moment, this week, this minute, for the time being, Look!, Listen!) 1. Actions happening now 正在進行中 She is drawing a picture now. 2. Temporary arrangements at the moment I am studying at the Hilton this week. 3. Complaining about people's bad habits You are always losing your key. B. Form: am/ is/ are + -ing e.g. I am/ Sandy is/ They are drawing a picture now. Negative: am/ is/ are not + -ing Question: am/ is/ are + subject + -ing Present Perfect Tense  A. Use: (just, yet, never, already, ever, so far, up to now, recently, since, for) 1. Past actions with unspecified time I have seen that man before. 2. Recently completed actions I have just finished the work. 3. Incomplete action which began in the past till now I have lived here for 13 years. B. Form: has/ have + past participle e.g. Sandy has/ We have seen that man before. Negative: has/ have not + past participle Question: has/ have + subject + past participle Past Tense A. Use: 1. Actions took place at a particular time or over a period of time in the past I stayed with my uncle last summer. 2. Habits/ Repeated actions in the past Last summer, I went for a walk with her uncle everyday afternoon. B. Form: Regular verbs: Base form + -(e)d e.g. Sandy stayed with my uncle last summer. Irregular verbs: e.g. Last summer, Sandy went for a walk with her uncle everyday afternoon. Negative: didn't + base form Question: did + subject + base form 3. if(如果) - 例詞:if I have time(如果我有時間) - 例句:If I have time, I will help you with your project.(如果我有時間,我會幫你做專案。) 4. when(當...時候) - 例詞:when I wake up(當我醒來時) - 例句:I will call you when I wake up.(當我醒來時,我會給你打電話。) 5. while(當...的同時) - 例詞:while I 很抱歉,由於回答的字數限制,無法提供完整的詳細筆記。我將繼續提供一些其他常見的從屬 連接詞和協同連接詞的例子,以供您參考: 6. unless(除非) - 例詞:unless it rains(除非下雨) - 例句:I won't go out unless it rains.(除非下雨,否則我不會出去。) 7. while(當...時候) - 例詞:while I was studying(當我正在學習時) - 例句:While I was studying, my phone rang.(當我正在學習時,我的手機響了。) 8. before(在...之前) - 例詞:before the meeting(在會議之前) - 例句:Please submit your report before the meeting.(請在會議之前提交你的報告。) 9. after(在...之後) - 例詞:after work(下班後) - 例句:I usually go to the gym after work.(我通常下班後去健身房。) 10. since(因為、自從) - 例詞:since I was a child(自從我小時候) - 例句:I have loved music since I was a child.(自從我小時候,我就喜歡音樂。) # 介詞、介系詞(英語:Adposition) 介系詞用於表示詞彙、片語或句子之間的關係。 1. at(在、在...時間上、在...地點上) - Example: She is waiting at the bus stop.(她正在公車站等待。) - Example: The meeting will start at 9 a.m.(會議將在上午 9 點開始。) - Example: He is good at playing the piano.(他擅長彈鋼琴。) 2. in(在、在...時間上、在...地點上) - Example: The book is in the bag.(書在包裡。) - Example: I will see you in the afternoon.(我將在下午見你。) - Example: She lives in New York.(她住在紐約。) 3. for(為了、給予、持續的時間) - Example: I bought a gift for my friend.(我為我的朋友買了一份禮物。) - Example: They are studying for the exam.(他們正在為考試而學習。) - Example: I will be away for a week.(我將離開一個星期。) 我希望這些例句能夠幫助你更好地理解這些介系詞的用法。如果你有其他問題,請隨時提出。 常見的介詞(Prepositions) 介詞用於表達名詞、代詞或名詞片語與其他詞語之間的關係。以下是一些常見的介詞:  位置:  in(在...內部):in the city(在城市裡)  on(在...上面):on the table(在桌子上)  at(在...處):at the park(在公園裡)  under(在...下面):under the tree(在樹下)  above(在...上方):above the clouds(在雲上方)  below(在...下方):below the surface(在水面下)  beside(在...旁邊):beside the river(在河邊)  between(在...之間):between the buildings(在建築物之間)  among(在...之中):among the crowd(在人群中)  near(靠近...):near the station(靠近車站)  far from(離...遠):far from home(離家遠)  next to(在...旁邊):next to the park(在公園旁邊)  behind(在...後面):behind the house(在房子後面)  in front of(在...前面):in front of the building(在建築物前面)  at the corner of(在...的轉角處):at the corner of the street(在街道 轉角處)  inside(在...內部):inside the room(在房間內部)  outside(在...外部):outside the store(在商店外部)  國家、城市等地理位置  in(在...國家/城市):in China(在中國)、in Tokyo(在東京)  from(來自...國家/城市):from France(來自法國)、from New York (來自紐約)  to(到...國家/城市):to Italy(到義大利)、to London(到倫敦)  at(在...國家/城市):at the United States(在美國)、at Paris(在巴 黎)  on(在...國家/城市):on the island(在島上)、on the coast(在海岸)  near(靠近...國家/城市):near Australia(靠近澳洲)、near Sydney (靠近悉尼)  between(在...國家之間):between Canada and Mexico(在加拿大和 墨西哥之間)  among(在...國家/城市之中):among the European countries(在歐洲 國家之中)  across(橫越...國家/城市):across the Atlantic(橫越大西洋)  beyond(超過...國家/城市):beyond the borders(超過邊界)   方向:  to(到...):go to school(去學校)  from(從...):come from Japan(來自日本)  into(進入...):jump into the pool(跳進游泳池)  out of(從...出來):get out of the car(從車裡出來)  時間:  at(在...時刻):at 9 o'clock(在九點)  on(在...日期):on Monday(在星期一), on June 12th(在 6月 12日)  in(在...時間段):in the morning(在早上), in 2022(在 2022年), in July(在 7月)  during(在...期間):during the summer(在夏天期間)  for(持續...時間):for two hours(持續兩小時)  since(自從...以來):since yesterday(自從昨天以來)  from...to(從...到...):from Monday to Friday(從星期一到星期五)  before(在...之前):before noon(在中午之前)  after(在...之後):after dinner(在晚餐之後)  by(在...之前):by 5 p.m.(在下午五點之前)  until/until(直到...為止):study until midnight(學習到午夜)  within(在...之內):within a week(在一週之內)  throughout(在整個...期間):throughout the year(全年)  方式:  with(用...):write with a pen(用筆寫)  by(藉由...):travel by train(乘火車旅行)  like(像...):dance like a professional(像專業舞者一樣跳舞)  原因:  because of(因為...):cancel the event because of bad weather(因 為天氣不好取消活動)  due to(由於...):delayed due to traffic jam(因交通阻塞而延遲)  其他:  about(關於...):talk about the movie(談論關於電影的事情)  for(為了...):buy flowers for my mother(為我的媽媽買花)  of(屬於...):a friend of mine(我朋友的)