Vocabulary Unit: Words and Their Meanings, Lecture notes of English

Download Vocabulary Unit: Words and Their Meanings and more Lecture notes English in PDF only on Docsity! [Unit 1] Vocabulary Words - 90 Words Via (preposition:) Extrapolate (v): Imitible (adj): Inimitable (adj):. Epigram (n.): Maxim (n.): Apothegm (n.): Aphorism (n.): Adage (n.): *Epigraph (n.): Figurative Language: Connotative Meaning vs. Denotative Meaning: Cumulative (adj.): Evoke (v): Inference (n): Initial (adj.): Jesuit (adj.) : A part of the Roman Catholic religious order (Society of Jesus) founded by Ignatius of Loyola in 1534 Pert (adj.): Couth (adj): Kempt (adj): Dour (adj.): relentlessly severe, stern, or Evaluate (v.): gloomy in manner or appearance. Austere (adj): Diction (n.): Communal (adj.): Theme (n.): Conceptualize (v.): Exuberant (adj): Dislocation (n.): To be moved away Shunned (adj.): / Shun (v.): Exultant (adj.): Ostracize (v.): Debutante (n.): Alienate (v.): Etiquette (n.): Rehabilitations: (n): Hirsute (adj.): Apiary (n.): Heifer (n.):🐄🐮 Bipedal (adj.): Purgatory (n.): Gambol (v.): Diminished (adj.): Delectable (adj.): Bristle (v.): Infirm (adj.): Inarticulable (adj.): Incomprehensible Distillate (n.): Endure (v.): Transitory (adj.): Preface (n.): Kinship (n.): Faults (n.): Assent (n./v.): Impulse (n.): Accordance (n.): Solemn (adj.): Facile (adj.): Abundance (adj.): Heartfelt (adj.): Indifferent (adj.): Immersion (n.): Descent (v.): Renounce (v.): Idolatry (n.): Literary Elements vs. Literary Devices Metaphor (n.): Simile (n.): Hyperbole (n.): Understatement (n.): Synaesthesia (n.): Repetition (n.): Juxtaposition (n.): Symbolism (n.): Assonance (n.) Rhyme (n.) Juxtaposition (n.) Anaphora (n.) Symploce (n.) Epistrophe (n.) Alliteration (n.) Symbolism (n.) Adnomination (n.): Amplification (n.) Tempest (n.): Quiver (v.): Restless (adj.): Ecstasy (n.): Enflamed (adj.): Enchant (v.): Furrow (v.): Toiler (n.): Aggrieved (adj.): Reaper (n.): Sap (n.): Furrow (v.): Veil (n.): Eternity (n.): Facet (n.): Transfixed (v.): 154 Unit 3 Prefix Meaning Prefix Meaning Acro- End point Anti- Against / Non Con- / Com- With Inter- Between Contra- Against Intra- / Intro- Within (often itself) Trans- / Peri- / Tele- Around / Across Para- Apart from / Beside Poly- More than one Dia- Through Mono One Acro- End point Pro- Forward / For Anti Against / Non Omni- All Hyper- / Ultra- / Super- / Supra- / Suff- Above / over / beyond In*- / Dis- / Un- / Il- / Non- / A- Not / Without Hypo- / Infra- / Sub- / Suff- Under / below In- / Endo- Within / In Ante- / Pre- / Fore- / Retro Before Ecto- / Exo- / Extra- / Ec- / Ex- / e- Out Post- After De- Off / from Ob- / Ab- Away from / Against Homo- Same Ac- / Ad- Towards Hetero- Different Root Meaning Root Meaning -bio- Life -arche- Old / Origin / Ancient -theo- God -paleo- Ancient -ful full of beautiful, painful -less without careless, helpless in- not inactive, income im- not impossible, improper, import dis- not/opposite of dislike, distrust, disagree pre- before pretest, preplan, premade tele- far, distant telephone, telegraph, television -ies plural, more than one parties, babies, cries -ied past tense cried, tried, -ed past tense stopping, hopping -ing action/process stopped, hopped -ly characteristic of badly, friendly, quickly -y characterized by/like cloudy, fishy bio life biology, biography, biopsy graph write telegraph, photograph, phonograph, autograph phon sound phonograph, symphony, telephone, microphone, phonics scope see microscope, telescope, periscope, stethoscope non- not nonfat, nonsense over- too much, above overdone, overhead mis- bad or wrong misbehave, misread, misspell de- reduce down/away from defeat, deform, decrease under- too little/below underfed, underground bi- two bicycle, binocular tri- three tricycle, triangle quad- four quadrilateral, quadrant oct- eight octagon, octopus -er, -or one who, that which baker, boxer, conductor, survivor -tion act of, state of, result of attention, invitation, restriction -al, -ial related to / characterized by colonial, biennial, dental, betrayal -ness condition, state of darkness, fairness -ment act, process enjoyment, replacement -en made of, to make wooden, dampen, tighten, rupt break, burst bankrupt, rapture, disruptive terr land terrain, territory geo earth, ground, soil geography, geology photo light photograph, telephoto, photocopy tract pull, drag tractor, attract, subtract, traction meter, metr measure speedometer, odometer, metric, diameter, centimeter en-, em- to cause to be, to put into encounter, enable, employ, embark, encircle sub- under, below, secondary subway, subsoil, substitute fore- before, earlier forearm, foreword semi- half semicircle, semicolon anti- opposite, against antibiotic, antifreeze auto- self autograph, automatic multi- many/ much multicolor, multifamily poly- many/ much polygon, polysyllable deca- / deci- ten decathlon, decade, decimal, decimeter kilo- 1,000 kilogram, kilowatt milli- / mille- 1,000 millennium, millimeter centi- 100 centimeter, centipede -ion, -tion, -ation, -ition act of/ state of/ result of tension, attention, elevation, union -able / -ible can be done enjoyable, sensible, likable -ive / -ative -tive inclined/ tending toward an action festive, talkative, active, sensitive -logy, -ology science of/ study of biology, chronology -ence / -ance act/ condition of persistence, excellence, assistance, importance -an, -an one having a certain skill/ relating to/ belonging to electrician, magician, American, suburban ject to throw inject, objection, project struct to build construct, instructor vis to see vision, evidence vid see video, evidence, provide, providence jur juris judge, oath law jury, jurisdiction log / logue word prologue, apology, dialogue, eulogy, monologue path feeling/ suffering/ disease apathetic, pathology ast astr star astronaut, astronomy, disaster, asterisk mit to send emit, transmit, admit, remit audi (aud) hear audience, auditorium, audiovisual dict to say, tell diction, dictator in- (il-, im-, ir- ) not inability, impatient, irregular, illegal inter- between intercept, interview, interstate trans- across/ change/ through transformation, transportation, transfer super- above/ on top of/ beyond superfine, superhuman, supersonic micro- small/ minute microbiology, microscope uni- one/ single unicorn, unicycle, uniform -ent -ant an action/ condition student, contestant, immigrant -ent -ant causing a specific action obedient, absorbent, abundant, elegant -ity -ty state of/ quality of prosperity, equality -ic relating to/ characterized by energetic, historic -ize to make/ to cause to become fertilize, criticize, apologize -age result of an action/ collection manage, drainage, acreage -ous -eous -ious full of/ characterized by adventurous, nervous, mysterious, courteous port to carry portable, transport scrib script to write describe, manuscript spect to see/ watch/ observe prospect, respect, specimen vac empty vacate, evacuate hydr water hydrogen, hydrant, hydroplane chron time chronological, synchronize, chronicle, chronic therm heat thermometer, thermostat, thermos bene good/ good benefit, benign, beneficial Misanthropic (adj): Vacuous (adj.): Incomprehensibilities (adj.): Ingrate (n.): Heterochromia (n.) Novice (n./adj.): Novella (n.): Novelistic (adj.): Theology (n.): Philophobia (n.): Aphotic (adj.): Bibliophile (n.): 166 Words Unit 4: 55 Words [221 Cumulatively] Permeable (adj): Dispositions (n.): Multicultural (adj.): Prejudice (n.): Agency (n.): Brevity (n.): Unsubstantiated (adj.): Wager (n.): Provisions (n.): Jostle (v.): Unit 6 - 12 [238] Adroit (adj): Coax (v.): Jaded (adj.): Cynical (adj.): Jaundice (n.): Stern (adj.): Perks (n.): Wallflower (n.): Epistolary (adj.): Introverted (adj.): Poignant (adj.): Spur (v.): Unit 7 - [238] Adroit (adj): Coax (v.): Jaded (adj.): Cynical (adj.): Jaundice (n.): Stern (adj.): LIT. DEVICE (repetition) DEFINITION EXAMPLE Anaphora Repetition of words/phrases at beginning of line/stanzas I had a dream that I could fly I had a dream that you were mine ;) Epistrophe Repetition of words/phrases at end of lines/stanzas World is holy! Soul is holy! Butt is holy! Symploce Repetition at beginning and end If we were to cheat we fail If we were to hate we fail Amplification Restating word, belief Adding more detail Love, real love, takes time Adnomination Use of words with same root in same sentence Someday, somewhere, somehow I will stop being in love with you Zeugma Figure of speech applying to where word conveys 2 meanings John and his license expired last week Repetition The act of repeating… Rhyme Repetition of similar sounds Assonance (Dissonance) Repetition of vowel sound The rain in spain Alliteration Repetition of initial consonant Peter piper picked a peck… (the P) LIT DEVICE. DEFINITION EXAMPLE Parallelism Style/structure of sentences are same (1)Tonight I will watch TV and eat dinner. (2)Tonight I will text my bf and sleep. ( ͡❛ ͜ʖ ͡❛)✊ Anthithesis Makes a connection between 2 things using contrast Love is an ideal thing Marriage is a real thing Chiasmus (Antimetabole) Reversal of grammatical structures in successive phrases When the going gets tough, The tough get going Allusion An indirect reference Chocolate cake is my “Achilles heel” Foreshadowing An warning/indication of a future event Flashback A part of story/film that shows past events Apostrophe The addressing of an absent person as if present The addressing of personified thing Come on phone, give me a ring! O grave, where is thy victory Idiom (adage, epigram) Phrase/expression that presents nonliteral figurative meaning It is raining cats and dogs! Metaphor comparison without using like or as The snow is a white blanket Metonym Word/expression used as a substitute for something which it is closely related “Give me a helping hand” Hand- assistance Simile comparison using like/as She was as pretty as the moon Synecdoche A part is made to represent whole, vice versa “Nice wheels” Wheels- whole car