EPSY EXAM 1 STUDY GUIDE questions well answered to pass, Exams of Nursing

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EPSY EXAM 1 STUDY GUIDE questions

well answered to pass

Experienced teachers often ask several of the following questions as they teach. Which question is most likely to be the metacognitive concern of a beginning teacher? A. How might I help my students become self-regulated learners? B. How well did I handle that disruptive behavior? C. What might help my high achievers extend their learning? D. What does Student A need in order to learn this skill? - correct answer ✔✔B. How well did I handle that disruptive behavior?

1. Mr. Grant is a reflective teacher who is always trying to improve his teaching practices to increase student learning. He has conducted several research projects and changed teaching strategies on the basis of the results. In his latest reflections, he predicted that his low-achieving students would complete their spelling tasks in less time and score higher on spelling tests if he began using a buddy system. In the research cycle, Mr. Grant has developed: A. a theory. B. a principle. C. a hypothesis. D. a plan for data analysis. - correct answer ✔✔a hypothesis
2. Javier emigrated from Mexico with his family and is starting third grade with minimal ability to speak English. Mrs. Foster has worked with other students like Javier and can't wait to see how much progress Javier will make in her class this year. Mrs. Foster's attitude seems to be evidence of: A. the teacher's sense of efficacy. B. overly optimistic beliefs. C. an underperforming school. D. the teacher's ability to speak languages other than English. - correct answer ✔✔teachers sense of self efficacy

1. According to the No Child Left Behind (NCLB) Act, which children were required to reach proficiency and meet adequate yearly performance goals? A. All students B. All students without developmental disabilities C. All students in elementary grades D. All English-speaking students - correct answer ✔✔all students
2. Dr. Casey studied the effects of a particular after-school tutoring program on the academic achievement of children in his state who live in extreme poverty. He followed children from kindergarten through the fifth grade. What type of research is involved in such a study? A. Ethnographic B. Case study C. Longitudinal D. Action research - correct answer ✔✔longitudinal
3. A correlation is a statistical description indicating the A. direction but not the strength of a relationship. B. direction and strength of a relationship. C. strength and direction of a treatment effect. d. strength but not the direction of a relationship - correct answer ✔✔direction and strength of a relationship
4. Rachel has a hard time relating to other students. She is very independent, but wants to have friends. She has tried to carry on conversations about the science concepts that interest her and information she learned from her dad who is a civil engineer. She's trying to branch out and watch a TV show some of the students like so she can discuss it with them at school tomorrow. Rachel's experiences target development in which of the following areas? A. Cognitive development B. Personal development C. Physical development D. Social development - correct answer ✔✔social development

1. Peyton's language skills are developing rapidly, and he seems to add several new words to his vocabulary every day. What is responsible for this development in a two-year-old? A. Culture B. Environmental influences C. Coaction of nature and nurture D. Biology and maturation - correct answer ✔✔coaction of nature and nurture
2. Mr. Mills instructs his students to practice the steps in the process over and over. As a result of students' practice, what is happening in their brains? A. Overproduction of neurons in the amygdala B. Strengthening of connections between neurons C. Pruning of neurons in the amygdala D. Increase in number of axons per neuron - correct answer ✔✔strengthening of connections between neurons
3. What part of the brain has the information processing capacity of a small computer? A. Each neuron B. Cerebellum C. Thalamus D. Hippocampus - correct answer ✔✔each neuron
4. In which of the following situations does Mr. Cannon scaffold learning? A. Mr. Cannon assigned readings in the text about the period of history immediately following the Civil War in the U.S. B. Mr. Cannon gave a student a choice between two actions: return to his seat quietly and immediately or stay after school. C. Mr. Cannon showed a brief video with a close-up demonstration of the detailed steps he had explained to the class. D. Mr. Cannon divided students into groups to play their favorite game of trivial pursuit in history. - correct answer ✔✔c

1. All developmental theories have the following general principle in common A. Development is balanced. B. Development is gradual. C. Development occurs in a random way. D. Individuals develop at the same rate. - correct answer ✔✔development is gradual
2. The last part of the brain to develop fully is the A. cerebellum. B. cerebral cortex. C. frontal lobe. D. thalamus. - correct answer ✔✔frontal lobe
3. Paige talks out loud to herself as she gets her backpack ready for school. She doesn't want to forget anything important. What would Vygotsky most likely say about Paige's behavior? A. Paige's inner speech is a sign of immaturity. B. Paige's self-talk serves a positive self-guiding function. C. Paige's private speech is a sign of instability. d. Paige's private speech is egocentric and negative - correct answer ✔✔b
4. Piagetʹs theory of cognitive development proposes that childrenʹs intellect (cognitive ability) progresses through four stages in which individuals A. demonstrate thinking patterns called scaffolds. B. process information patterns by scaffolding. C. demonstrate thinking abilities through repetition of modeled behaviors. d. organize and process information as cognitive structures called schemes - correct answer ✔✔d
5. Which of the following adages depicts Piagetʹs belief that infants lack object permanence? A. Have your cake and eat it too. B. Six of one, half dozen of another.

C. A stitch in time saves nine. D. Out of sight, out of mind. - correct answer ✔✔out of sight out of mind

1. Self-regulation refers to the condition whereby individuals internalize cultural language signs so that they can A. think and solve problems without the help of others. B. reference complex information. C. focus on the systematic development of discrete skills. D. work in cooperative groups. - correct answer ✔✔a
2. The role of private speech, in Vygotskyʹs view, is to A. guide oneʹs activities in solving a problem. B. satisfy the egocentric needs of preoperational children. C. call attention to oneself during play. D. stimulate the development of language from telegraphic speech to full sentences. - correct answer ✔✔a
3. Nick is doing her sixth-grade homework in history. The task requires her to make two maps of her state and compare the two maps. One map represents the state in 1850 and the other represents the state in current times. Nick is working at the task, following the instructions, and feeling that she can complete it successfully. She does need to ask the teacher one question before she finishes. Which of the following terms best describes the relationship of this assignment to Nick's level of performance? A. Above her zone of proximal development B. In her zone of proximal development C. Below her zone of proximal development D. Unrelated to her zone of proximal development - correct answer ✔✔in her zone of proximal development
4. Which teacher is helping third grade students to develop metacognitive skills in writing? A. "After you choose your topic, come up with three points you want to communicate about the topic." B. "You should choose a topic that is very familiar to you. Then you will be able to write about it in a way that holds your reader's interest."

C. "Write a topic sentence first. Your topic sentence should introduce your reader to the topic and capture the reader's attention." D. "Ask yourself what helped you remember the boy's appearance, and use that knowledge to come up with descriptive words." - correct answer ✔✔d

1. Gillian noticed his bicycle making a new sound as he rides it in the neighborhood. He doesn't know much about bicycles, but he believes he can use general problem-solving strategies to approach the problem. What step should he take first in his general problem-solving approach? A. Create a path to reach her goals B. Identify possible solutions C. Identify the problem D. Analyze subgoals - correct answer ✔✔identify the problem
2. Students in Mr. Lester's class are practicing the strategy of organizing lecture information by using Cornell notes. Mr. Lester is circulating the classroom and giving students feedback about their notes. Some of the students have used the strategy effectively, and the feedback from Mr. Lester is positive. Others are struggling, and the feedback provides additional instruction. Mr. Lester's class is at what stage of transfer of this strategy? A. Acquisition phase B. Transfer phase C. Retention phase D. Expert phase - correct answer ✔✔retention phase
3. The main difficulty that occurs when students are too quick to decide what a problem asks is that they may A. activate an inappropriate schema. B. become too reflective. C. experience overgeneralization. D. rely on heuristics instead of algorithms to solve it. - correct answer ✔✔activate an inappropriate schema

1. Greg ponders over a math problem. He looks, frowns, and several minutes pass as he continues to study and shuffle his papers. All at once, he smiles, picks up his pencil, and writes down the correct answer. The suddenness of Greg's solution best exemplifies A. functional fixedness. B. Insight. C. problem representation. D. transfer. - correct answer ✔✔insight
2. According to constructivist thought, as it draws on Vygotskyʹs theories, four key concepts for classroom instruction are zone of proximal development; cognitive apprenticeship; scaffolding or mediated learning; and A) rote learning. B) shaping. C) social learning. D) computer-based learning. - correct answer ✔✔social learning
3. Constructivist theories of learning usually agree on two central ideas. One central idea states that social interactions are important in the process of constructing knowledge. What is the other central idea? a. Individuals do not construct knowledge; groups construct knowledge. b. Learners must be taught to construct knowledge. c. The role of the teacher is important in the process of constructing knowledge. d. Learners are active in constructing their own knowledge. - correct answer ✔✔d
4. In science class, the teacher posed the question, "Can photosynthetic plants live without sunlight?" Students planted seeds, provided water and sunlight, and watched them grow. Now they are formulating hypotheses about the teacher's question, denying sunlight to their plants and collecting data day by day. At this point they are ready to discuss their evidence and draw conclusions. What teaching approach is being used in this classroom? a. Problem-based learning b. Direct teaching c. Unassisted discovery

d. Inquiry learning - correct answer ✔✔inquiry learning

1. What types of problems do students confront in problem-based learning? a. Highly structured problems b. Ill-structured problems c. Skill-building problems d. Scientific problems - correct answer ✔✔ill structured problems
2. Carrie is preparing her school lunch and sees leftovers in the refrigerator. She doesn't remember when her mom cooked the meal, so it may not have been very recently. She's running late and needs to make a quick decision. She says to herself, "When in doubt, throw it out" and chooses something else. What problem-solving method is she using? A. Functional fixedness B. Algorithm C. Heuristic D. Means-end analysis - correct answer ✔✔heuristic
3. Which of the following learning strategies would a constructivist be LEAST likely to advocate? A) cooperative learning B) discovery C) inquiry D) drill and practice - correct answer ✔✔d
4. Which of the following statements best characterizes scaffolding? A) As a set of lessons progresses, students are give more and more structure. B) The teacher gradually assigns the students more responsibility for their learning. C) The teacher initially gives the students major responsibility for their learning, and then tunes it downward, as needed. D) The teacherʹs role is consistent throughout a set of lessons. - correct answer ✔✔b