Essentials Of Human Anatomy & Physiology -11th Edition by Elaine N. Marieb – Test Bank LAT, Exams of Nursing

Download Essentials Of Human Anatomy & Physiology -11th Edition by Elaine N. Marieb – Test Bank LAT and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! Essentials Of Human Anatomy & Physiology -11th Edition by Elaine N. Marieb - Test Bank. Essentials Of Human Anatomy & Physiology -11th Edition by Elaine N. Marieb – Test Bank Description INSTANT DOWNLOAD COMPLETE TEST BANK WITH ANSWERS Essentials of Human Anatomy & Physiology -11th Edition by Elaine N. Marieb – Test Bank Sample Questions Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology, 11e, (Marieb) Chapter 5 The Skeletal System 5.1 Multiple Choice Part I Questions Essentials Of Human Anatomy & Physiology -11th Edition by Elaine N. Marieb - Test Bank. Using Figure 5.1, identify the following: 1) The proximal epiphysis is represented by . 1. A) Label H 2. B) Label C 3. C) Label A 4. D) Label B 5. E) Label F Answer: D Page Ref: 162 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 2) The area that causes the lengthwise growth of a long bone is indicated by . 1. A) Label F 2. B) Label D 3. C) Label A 4. D) Label E 5. E) Label C Answer: D Page Ref: 161, 162 Bloom’s: 2) Comprehension Essentials Of Human Anatomy & Physiology -11th Edition by Elaine N. Marieb - Test Bank. Answer: B Page Ref: 159 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 8) What bones protect the spinal cord? 1. A) ribs 2. B) sternum 3. C) vertebrae 4. D) coxal bones Answer: C Page Ref: 159 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 9) Cube-shaped bones that contain mostly spongy bone are called bones. 1. A) flat 2. B) long 3. C) short 4. D) irregular Answer: C Page Ref: 160 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 10) Small canals that connect osteocytes in their lacunae to the central canal are known as . 1. A) canaliculi Essentials Of Human Anatomy & Physiology -11th Edition by Elaine N. Marieb - Test Bank. 2. B) perforating (Volkmann’s) canals 3. C) central (Haversian) canals 4. D) perforating (Sharpey’s) fibers Answer: A Page Ref: 161 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 11) The process of bone formation is known as . 1. A) hematopoiesis 2. B) hemostasis 3. C) metabolism 4. D) ossification Answer: D Page Ref: 165 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 12) Bone-destroying cells known as osteoclasts are activated by the hormone . 1. A) calcitonin 2. B) parathyroid hormone (PTH) 3. C) insulin 4. D) growth hormone Answer: B Page Ref: 166 Essentials Of Human Anatomy & Physiology -11th Edition by Elaine N. Marieb - Test Bank. Bloom’s: 2) Comprehension 13) The first step in bone healing involves the formation of a blood-filled swelling known as a(n) . 1. A) epiphyseal line 2. B) bony callus 3. C) hematoma 4. D) fibrocartilage callus Answer: C Page Ref: 169 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 14) An incomplete bone break, known as a(n) fracture, is commonly seen in children. 1. A) spiral 2. B) greenstick 3. C) impacted 4. D) comminuted Answer: B Page Ref: 168 Bloom’s: 2) Comprehension 15) The skull, vertebral column, and thoracic cage form the skeleton. 1. A) appendicular 2. B) central 3. C) axial Essentials Of Human Anatomy & Physiology -11th Edition by Elaine N. Marieb - Test Bank. Page Ref: 190 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 21) Immovable joints are functionally classified as . 1. A) diarthroses 2. B) synarthroses 3. C) amphiarthroses 4. D) symphyses Answer: B Page Ref: 190 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge Using Figure 5.2, identify the following: 22) The parietal bone is indicated by . 1. A) Label M 2. B) Label O 3. C) Label A 4. D) Label H 5. E) Label P Answer: C Essentials Of Human Anatomy & Physiology -11th Edition by Elaine N. Marieb - Test Bank. Page Ref: 171 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 23) The fibula is indicated by . 1. A) Label Q 2. B) Label X 3. C) Label R 4. D) Label T 5. E) Label W Answer: B Page Ref: 188, 189 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 24) The patella is indicated by . 1. A) Label E 2. B) Label G 3. C) Label I 4. D) Label U 5. E) Label A Answer: C Page Ref: 189 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge Essentials Of Human Anatomy & Physiology -11th Edition by Elaine N. Marieb - Test Bank. 25) The manubrium and xiphoid process are markings on the bone indicated by . 1. A) Label O 2. B) Label N 3. C) Label A 4. D) Label K 5. E) Label B Answer: A Page Ref: 181 Bloom’s: 2) Comprehension 26) The radius bone is indicated by . 1. A) Label T 2. B) Label R 3. C) Label F 4. D) Label S 5. E) Label Q Answer: E Page Ref: 184, 185 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 27) The mandible is indicated by . 1. A) Label N Essentials Of Human Anatomy & Physiology -11th Edition by Elaine N. Marieb - Test Bank. Answer: D Page Ref: 159 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 2) The arrangement of bone tissue shown in Figure 5.3 consists of . 1. A) osteons (Haversian systems) 2. B) yellow marrow 3. C) trabeculae 4. D) neurons 5. E) red marrow Answer: A Page Ref: 161 Bloom’s: 2) Comprehension 3) Where does hematopoiesis occur? 1. A) marrow cavity 2. B) epiphyseal plate 3. C) articular cartilage 4. D) periosteum 5. E) endosteum Answer: A Page Ref: 159 Essentials Of Human Anatomy & Physiology -11th Edition by Elaine N. Marieb - Test Bank. Bloom’s: 2) Comprehension 4) The femur, tibia, humerus, and radius are all classified as . 1. A) compact bones 2. B) irregular bones 3. C) flat bones 4. D) long bones 5. E) sesamoid bones Answer: D Page Ref: 160 Bloom’s: 2) Comprehension 5) What type of tissue covers the epiphysis of bones and reduces friction in the joints? 1. A) yellow marrow 2. B) endosteum 3. C) spongy bone 4. D) periosteum 5. E) articular cartilage Answer: E Page Ref: 161 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 6) In adults, the function of the yellow marrow is to . 1. A) store adipose tissue Essentials Of Human Anatomy & Physiology -11th Edition by Elaine N. Marieb - Test Bank. 2. B) form blood cells 3. C) store calcium and phosphorus 4. D) promote lengthwise growth in long bones 5. E) decrease friction at joint surfaces Answer: A Page Ref: 161 Bloom’s: 2) Comprehension 7) The presence of an epiphyseal plate indicates that . 1. A) bone is dead 2. B) bone length is no longer increasing 3. C) bone diameter is increasing 4. D) bone diameter is decreasing 5. E) bone length is increasing Answer: E Page Ref: 161 Bloom’s: 3) Application 8) Each complex of central canal and matrix rings in compact bone is known as . 1. A) a perforating (Volkmann’s) canal 2. B) the epiphysis 3. C) a canaliculus Essentials Of Human Anatomy & Physiology -11th Edition by Elaine N. Marieb - Test Bank. 13) The canal that runs through the core of each osteon (Haversian system) contains . 1. A) cartilage and lamellae 2. B) osteoclasts and osteoblasts 3. C) yellow marrow and perforating, or Sharpey’s, fibers 4. D) blood vessels and nerve fibers 5. E) red marrow Answer: D Page Ref: 161 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 14) The small cavities in bone tissue where osteocytes are found are called . 1. A) lacunae 2. B) perforating (Volkmann’s) canals 3. C) central (Haversian) canals 4. D) trabeculae 5. E) lamellae Answer: A Page Ref: 161 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 15) What kind of tissue is the forerunner of long bones in the embryo? 1. A) elastic connective tissue 2. B) dense fibrous connective tissue 3. C) fibrocartilage Essentials Of Human Anatomy & Physiology -11th Edition by Elaine N. Marieb - Test Bank. 4. D) hyaline cartilage 5. E) loose fibrous connective tissue Answer: D Page Ref: 165 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 16) What type of bone cell is primarily active when bone growth occurs? 1. A) osteocyte 2. B) erythrocyte 3. C) chondrocyte 4. D) osteoblast 5. E) osteoclast Answer: D Page Ref: 165 Bloom’s: 2) Comprehension 17) The factor(s) that determine where bone matrix is to be remodeled is (are) . 1. A) sex hormones 2. B) growth hormone 3. C) stress of gravity and pull of muscles on the skeleton 4. D) parathyroid hormone (PTH) 5. E) calcium level of the blood Essentials Of Human Anatomy & Physiology -11th Edition by Elaine N. Marieb - Test Bank. Answer: C Page Ref: 166 Bloom’s: 3) Application 18) There are four stages in the healing of a bone fracture. Which of the following best illustrates the sequence of these stages? 1. bony callus formation 3. fibrocartilage callus formation 2. bone remodeling 4. hematoma formation 3. A) 4, 3, 2, 1 4. B) 4, 3, 1, 2 5. C) 1, 2, 3, 4 6. D) 1, 3, 4, 2 7. E) 1, 3, 2, 4 Answer: B Page Ref: 169 Bloom’s: 4) Analysis 19) Bone growth that occurs due to weight lifting at age 40 is most likely . 1. A) endochondrial growth 2. B) none since bones do not grow after adolescence 3. C) appositional growth 4. D) occurring at the epiphyseal lines 5. E) occurring at the epiphyseal plates Answer: C Essentials Of Human Anatomy & Physiology -11th Edition by Elaine N. Marieb - Test Bank. 3. true and false ribs 4. vertebrae 5. phalanges 6. A) 1, 3, 4, 5 7. B) 1, 3, 4 8. C) 2, 5 9. D) 2, 3, 4, 5 10. E) 1, 2, 3, 5 Answer: B Page Ref: 170 Bloom’s: 4) Analysis 25) The suture situated anteriorly between the parietal bones and occipital bone is the . 1. A) squamous suture 2. B) lambdoid suture 3. C) sagittal suture 4. D) coronal suture 5. E) both the squamous suture and the sagittal suture Answer: B Page Ref: 172 Bloom’s: 2) Comprehension 26) Identify the bones that do NOT house a paranasal sinus . Essentials Of Human Anatomy & Physiology -11th Edition by Elaine N. Marieb - Test Bank. 1. A) frontal bones 2. B) maxillary bones 3. C) ethmoid bones 4. D) sphenoid bones 5. E) zygomatic bones Answer: E Page Ref: 172-175 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 27) The fibrous connections between the bones of a fetal skull are . 1. A) alveolar margins 2. B) sinuses 3. C) palates 4. D) crista galli 5. E) fontanels Answer: E Page Ref: 176 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 28) Which of these bones is associated with the hand? 1. A) talus 2. B) calcaneus 3. C) metatarsals Essentials Of Human Anatomy & Physiology -11th Edition by Elaine N. Marieb - Test Bank. 4. D) tarsals 5. E) metacarpals Answer: E Page Ref: 185 Bloom’s: 2) Comprehension 29) The hyoid bone is unique because it . 1. A) is the only bone of the body that does not directly articulate with any other bone 2. B) is an irregular bone 3. C) belongs to both the axial and appendicular skeletons 4. D) has no specific function 5. E) largely consists of cartilage Answer: A Page Ref: 175 Bloom’s: 3) Application 30) What feature is uniquely associated with cervical vertebrae? 1. A) spinous processes 2. B) transverse processes 3. C) vertebral foramina 4. D) transverse foramina 5. E) pedicles Answer: D Essentials Of Human Anatomy & Physiology -11th Edition by Elaine N. Marieb - Test Bank. 3. C) manubrium, body, xiphoid process 4. D) jugular notch, sternal angle, xiphisternal joint 5. E) true ribs, manubrium, xiphoid process Answer: C Page Ref: 181 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 36) Which two bones constitute the forearm? 1. A) radius and humerus 2. B) humerus and scapula 3. C) fibula and tibia 4. D) ulna and radius 5. E) femur and fibula Answer: D Page Ref: 185 Bloom’s: 2) Comprehension 37) The tailbone is the . 1. A) ischium 2. B) sacrum 3. C) pubis 4. D) coccyx Essentials Of Human Anatomy & Physiology -11th Edition by Elaine N. Marieb - Test Bank. 5. E) patella Answer: D Page Ref: 180 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 38) You examine an articulated skeleton in the laboratory and determine the skeleton to be a female since . 1. A) the angle of the female pubic arch is smaller than in a male 2. B) the distance between the female ischial spines is greater than in a male 3. C) the distance between the female ischial tuberosities is less than in a male 4. D) the female iliac bones are less flared than in a male 5. E) the female pelvis as a whole is deeper, and the bones are heavier and thicker than in a male Answer: B Page Ref: 186 Bloom’s: 3) Application 39)39) The type of joint shown in Figure 5.4 is . 1. A) a suture 2. B) a fibrous joint 3. C) an amphiarthrotic joint 4. D) a cartilaginous joint 5. E) a synovial joint Essentials Of Human Anatomy & Physiology -11th Edition by Elaine N. Marieb - Test Bank. Answer: E Page Ref: 194 Bloom’s: 2) Comprehension 40) A structure found on the femur is the . 1. A) anterior crest 2. B) trochlea 3. C) lateral malleolus 4. D) intercondylar fossa 5. E) medial malleolus Answer: D Page Ref: 188-189 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 41) Articulations permitting only slight degrees of movement are , whereas articulations permitting no movement are called . 1. A) amphiarthroses; synarthroses 2. B) synarthroses; amphiarthroses 3. C) diarthroses; amphiarthroses 4. D) amphiarthroses; diarthroses 5. E) diarthroses; synarthroses Answer: A Page Ref: 190 Bloom’s: 2) Comprehension Essentials Of Human Anatomy & Physiology -11th Edition by Elaine N. Marieb - Test Bank. Bloom’s: 2) Comprehension 2) Articular cartilage covers the diaphysis of long bones. Answer: FALSE Page Ref: 161 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 3) The arrangement of lamellae around central (Haversian) canals forms osteons (Haversian systems). Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 161 Bloom’s: 2) Comprehension 4) Hypercalcemia promotes the deposition of calcium to bones. Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 166 Bloom’s: 2) Comprehension 5) A closed, or simple, fracture is one that penetrates through the skin’s surface. Answer: FALSE Page Ref: 169 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 6) The last two pairs of ribs are called true ribs because they have no anterior attachments. Essentials Of Human Anatomy & Physiology -11th Edition by Elaine N. Marieb - Test Bank. Answer: FALSE Page Ref: 182 Bloom’s: 2) Comprehension 7) Teeth are anchored in the maxillary bones and the mandible. Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 173, 175 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 8) The spinal cord passes through the body of each vertebra. Answer: FALSE Page Ref: 178 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 9) The intervertebral discs that cushion the spine and absorb shock are composed of fibrocartilage. Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 193 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 10) In anatomical position, the lateral lower leg bone is the fibula. Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 189 Bloom’s: 2) Comprehension Essentials Of Human Anatomy & Physiology -11th Edition by Elaine N. Marieb - Test Bank. 11) There are seven cervical, twelve thoracic, and five lumbar vertebrae. Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 176-177 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 12) A newborn baby has an S-shaped spinal curvature known as a primary curvature. Answer: FALSE Page Ref: 177 Bloom’s: 2) Comprehension 13) Diarthroses have a greater degree of mobility and flexibility than synarthroses. Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 190-191 Bloom’s: 4) Analysis 14) Joint inflammation is known as ankylosis. Answer: FALSE Page Ref: 196 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 5.4 Matching Questions Essentials Of Human Anatomy & Physiology -11th Edition by Elaine N. Marieb - Test Bank. 8) Small channels that radiate through the matrix of compact bone Page Ref: 161 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 9) Cells that can build bony matrix Page Ref: 165 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 10) Area where bone growth takes place in a long bone Page Ref: 161 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge Answers: 6) A 7) C 8) E 9) D 10) B Match the following: 1. A) ball-and-socket joint 2. B) pivot joint 3. C) plane joint 4. D) hinge joint 5. E) condylar joint Essentials Of Human Anatomy & Physiology -11th Edition by Elaine N. Marieb - Test Bank. 11) Wrist joint Page Ref: 194 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 12) Shoulder joint Page Ref: 196 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 13) Ankle joint Page Ref: 194 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 14) Knuckle joints Page Ref: 196 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 15) Joint between atlas and axis Page Ref: 194 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge Answers: 11) C 12) A 13) D 14) E 15) B Match the following: Essentials Of Human Anatomy & Physiology -11th Edition by Elaine N. Marieb - Test Bank. 1. A) appendicular skeleton 2. B) axial skeleton 16) Tarsals Page Ref: 170 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 17) Femur Page Ref: 170 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 18) Phalanges Page Ref: 170 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 19) Ulna Page Ref: 170 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 20) Atlas Page Ref: 170 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge Essentials Of Human Anatomy & Physiology -11th Edition by Elaine N. Marieb - Test Bank. Step 2 is fibrocartilage callus formation. The site of damage experiences growth of new capillaries into the clotted blood and disposal of dead tissue by phagocytes. Connective tissue cells of various types form a mass of repair tissue called fibrocartilage callus. This fibrocartilage callus contains several elements: some cartilage matrix, some bony matrix, and collagen fibers. This fibrocartilage callus acts to splint the broken bone, closing the gap. Step 3 is bony callus formation. As more osteoblasts and osteoclasts migrate into the area and multiply, fibrocartilage is gradually replaced by a callus of spongy bone (the bony callus). Step 4 is bone remodeling. Over the next few months, bony callus is remodeled in response to the mechanical stresses placed on it, so that it forms a strong, permanent patch at the fracture site. Page Ref: 169 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 4) Explain how the anatomy of compact bone differs from that of spongy bone. Answer: Compact bone is composed of osteons (Haversian systems). Concentric rings of matrix, called lamellae, are situated around a central (Haversian) canal. The rings and central canal constitute an osteon, or Haversian system. Other canals, called canaliculi, spread outward from central canals to connect to lacunae which house osteocytes. Spongy bone is open, airy, spiky and is composed of small, needlelike pieces of bone. Spongy bone lacks osteons and a network of canals. Page Ref: 159, 161-162 Bloom’s: 4) Analysis 5) Explain how bones are remodeled in response to parathyroid hormone (PTH). Answer: Parathyroid hormone (PTH) activates bone-destroying cells called osteoclasts to break down the bone’s matrix and release the stored calcium into the blood. PTH determines when bone will be broken down in response to the level of calcium ions in the blood. Page Ref: 166 Bloom’s: 2) Comprehension Essentials Of Human Anatomy & Physiology -11th Edition by Elaine N. Marieb - Test Bank. 6) List some of the features of a female pelvis that make it different from a male pelvis. Answer: The female pelvis: 1. has a larger and more circular inlet. 2. is shallower than the male pelvis. 3. has lighter and thinner bones. 4. has a shorter and less curved sacrum. 5. has a more rounded pubic arch. 6. has shorter ischial spines that are also farther apart. Page Ref: 186 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 7) If 6-year-old Sarah fell and broke her femur, damaging the proximal epiphyseal plate, what might she expect as she grows older? What is an epiphyseal plate and why is it significant to this situation? Answer: The epiphyseal plate is a flat plate of hyaline cartilage seen in young growing bone. Epiphyseal plates cause the lengthwise growth of long bone. Since this child is still growing and has not completed puberty, she may expect impaired growth in that one epiphyseal plate. Lucky for Sarah, there is an epiphyseal plate located at both the distal and proximal ends of the femur. The healthy distal plate can continue to grow. Page Ref: 161, 165-166 Bloom’s: 3) Application 8) Maria observes a patient in her clinic with a spinal curvature abnormality. She notices the patient’s spine curves laterally from the midline. Determine the abnormality she observed and explain how she differentiated it from the other two types of spinal abnormalities. Answer: Maria observed a patient with scoliosis in which the spinal strays laterally from the midline. Lordosis, or sway back, results in lumbar curvature exaggerated in the ventral (anterior) Essentials Of Human Anatomy & Physiology -11th Edition by Elaine N. Marieb - Test Bank. direction. Kyphosis produces a humped back due to a thoracic curvature exaggerated in the dorsal (posterior) direction. Page Ref: 177-178 Bloom’s: 3) Application 9) Explain how atlas and axis are different from other vertebrae. Discuss the roles they play in the body. Answer: 1. Unlike all other vertebra, atlas (C1) has no body. Axis (C2) has a large process called the dens. 2. The structural differences of these two vertebrae allow you to rotate your head from side to side to indicate “no.” The joint between these two vertebrae is a pivot joint. Page Ref: 178, 180 Bloom’s: 4) Analysis 10) Differentiate among the three types of joints based on structural and functional classification. Provide examples of each type of joint. Answer: 1. Synarthroses are immovable joints. These joints are structurally classified as fibrous joints since the bones are united by fibrous tissue. Skull sutures are one example of a fibrous joint. 2. Amphiarthroses are slightly movable joints. These joints are structurally classified as cartilaginous joints since the bone ends are connected by cartilage. The pubic symphysis and intervertebral joints are two examples. 3. Diathroses are freely movable joints. These joints are structurally classified as synovial joints since the articulating bone ends are separated by a joint cavity containing synovial fluid. There are many examples of synovial joints, including the elbow, knee, and shoulder. Page Ref: 190-191 Bloom’s: 4) Analysis Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology, 11e, (Marieb) Chapter 7 The Nervous System Essentials Of Human Anatomy & Physiology -11th Edition by Elaine N. Marieb - Test Bank. 1. A) Label D 2. B) Label H 3. C) Label B 4. D) Label F 5. E) Label A Answer: B Page Ref: 253, 254 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 6) The nucleus of the neuron is indicated by . 1. A) Label E 2. B) Label I 3. C) Label A 4. D) Label B 5. E) Label F Answer: A Page Ref: 253, 254 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 7) The nervous system is structurally subdivided into two systems: nervous system and nervous system. 1. A) central; peripheral 2. B) somatic; autonomic 3. C) parasympathetic; sympathetic Essentials Of Human Anatomy & Physiology -11th Edition by Elaine N. Marieb - Test Bank. 4. D) autonomic; sympathetic Answer: A Page Ref: 250-251 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 8) cells form the myelin sheaths around nerve fibers in the PNS. 1. A) Satellite 2. B) Ependymal 3. C) Schwann 4. D) Nerve Answer: C Page Ref: 253 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 9) Support cells in the central nervous system are collectively called . 1. A) myelin sheaths 2. B) neuroglia 3. C) oligodendrocytes 4. D) microglia Answer: B Page Ref: 252 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge Essentials Of Human Anatomy & Physiology -11th Edition by Elaine N. Marieb - Test Bank. 10) The part of the neuron that typically conducts nerve impulses away from the cell body is the . 1. A) dendrite 2. B) cell body 3. C) synaptic cleft 4. D) axon Answer: D Page Ref: 253 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 11) The gaps between Schwann cells found at regular intervals in peripheral system neurons are called . 1. A) synaptic clefts 2. B) axon terminals 3. C) nodes of Ranvier 4. D) myelin sheaths Answer: C Page Ref: 255 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 12) Sensory receptors located in muscles and tendons are termed . 1. A) Meissner’s corpuscles 2. B) proprioceptors 3. C) lamellar corpuscles 4. D) association neurons Essentials Of Human Anatomy & Physiology -11th Edition by Elaine N. Marieb - Test Bank. Answer: A Page Ref: 260 Bloom’s: 2) Comprehension 18) reflexes include the secretion of saliva, changes in the size of our pupils, and digestion involve the activities of smooth muscles. 1. A) Somatic 2. B) Voluntary 3. C) Autonomic 4. D) Sympathetic Answer: C Page Ref: 261 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 19) The thalamus, hypothalamus, and epithalamus collectively constitute the . 1. A) cerebellum 2. B) dicephalon (interbrain) 3. C) brain stem 4. D) cerebrum Answer: B Page Ref: 265, 269 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge Essentials Of Human Anatomy & Physiology -11th Edition by Elaine N. Marieb - Test Bank. 20) The brain dysfunction where blood supply to a region (or regions) of the brain is blocked and vital brain tissue dies, as by a blood clot or a ruptured blood vessel, is called . 1. A) cerebrovascular accident (CVA), or stroke 2. B) Parkinson’s disease 3. C) Huntington’s disease 4. D) multiple sclerosis Answer: A Page Ref: 275 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 21) The brain and spinal cord are protected and cushioned by three connective tissue membranes that are collectively called . 1. A) ventricles 2. B) arachnoid villi 3. C) meninges 4. D) sinuses Answer: C Page Ref: 271 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 22) Cerebrospinal fluid is formed from blood by clusters of capillaries in the brain known as . 1. A) choroid plexuses 2. B) arachnoid villi 3. C) ventricles 4. D) sinuses Essentials Of Human Anatomy & Physiology -11th Edition by Elaine N. Marieb - Test Bank. Answer: A Page Ref: 272 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 23) The primary somatic sensory cortex is located in the lobe of the cerebrum. 1. A) parietal 2. B) frontal 3. C) temporal 4. D) occipital Answer: A Page Ref: 264 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 24) The blood-brain barrier is formed by junctions that nearly seamlessly bind capillaries in the brain. 1. A) gap 2. B) intercalated 3. C) desmosome 4. D) tight Answer: D Page Ref: 274 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge Essentials Of Human Anatomy & Physiology -11th Edition by Elaine N. Marieb - Test Bank. 1. A) dura 2. B) arachnoid 3. C) periosteal 4. D) pia Answer: D Page Ref: 271 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 31) Hemiplegia and aphasia characterize those patients who have experienced a . 1. A) concussion 2. B) cerebrovascular accident (CVA), or stroke 3. C) contusion 4. D) cerebral edema Answer: B Page Ref: 275 Bloom’s: 2) Comprehension 32) There are pairs of cranial nerves and pairs of spinal nerves in the peripheral nervous system. 1. A) 5; 7 2. B) 18; 34 3. C) 12; 31 4. D) 15; 25 Answer: C Page Ref: 281 Essentials Of Human Anatomy & Physiology -11th Edition by Elaine N. Marieb - Test Bank. Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 33) disease results from a degeneration of the dopamine-releasing neurons of the substantia nigra. 1. A) Parkinson’s 2. B) Alzheimer’s 3. C) Huntington’s 4. D) Autoimmune Answer: A Page Ref: 276 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 34) The is a connective tissue wrapping around fascicles of neuron fibers. 1. A) epineurium 2. B) endoneurium 3. C) perineurium 4. D) perimysium Answer: C Page Ref: 280 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 35) Sweat glands that produce perspiration when stimulated are innervated only by the fibers. Essentials Of Human Anatomy & Physiology -11th Edition by Elaine N. Marieb - Test Bank. 1. A) sympathetic 2. B) parasympathetic 3. C) somatic 4. D) afferent Answer: A Page Ref: 292 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 36) The only pair of cranial nerves to extend to the thoracic and abdominal cavities is the nerves. 1. A) glossopharyngeal 2. B) oculomotor 3. C) vestibulocochlear 4. D) vagus Answer: D Page Ref: 281 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 37) Cranial nerve III is known as the nerve. 1. A) optic 2. B) olfactory 3. C) oculomotor 4. D) trochlear Answer: C Page Ref: 282 Essentials Of Human Anatomy & Physiology -11th Edition by Elaine N. Marieb - Test Bank. Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 7.2 Multiple Choice Part II Questions 1) The term central nervous system refers to the . 1. A) autonomic and peripheral nervous systems 2. B) brain, spinal cord, and cranial nerves 3. C) brain and cranial nerves 4. D) spinal cord and spinal nerves 5. E) brain and spinal cord Answer: E Page Ref: 250, 251 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 2) Fibers that carry information from the skin, joints, and skeletal muscles to the central nervous system are . 1. A) motor 2. B) visceral sensory 3. C) somatic sensory 4. D) interneurons (association neurons) 5. E) parasympathetic Answer: C Page Ref: 251 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge Essentials Of Human Anatomy & Physiology -11th Edition by Elaine N. Marieb - Test Bank. 3) Which of these neuroglial cells forms the myelin sheath in the central nervous system? 1. A) astrocytes 2. B) oligodendrocytes 3. C) Schwann cells 4. D) ependymal cells 5. E) satellite cells Answer: B Page Ref: 253 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 4) The Schwann cell forms a myelin sheath around the . 1. A) dendrites 2. B) cell body 3. C) nucleus 4. D) axon 5. E) nodes of Ranvier Answer: D Page Ref: 253 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 5) The neuron processes that normally receive incoming stimuli are called . 1. A) axons Essentials Of Human Anatomy & Physiology -11th Edition by Elaine N. Marieb - Test Bank. 2. B) dendrites 3. C) neurolemmas 4. D) Schwann cells 5. E) satellite cells Answer: B Page Ref: 253 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 6) Unmyelinated nerve fibers are known as . 1. A) white matter 2. B) sensors 3. C) myelin sheaths 4. D) receptors 5. E) gray matter Answer: E Page Ref: 256 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 7) The major role of the interneuron (association neuron) is to . 1. A) carry information from the central nervous system to muscles and/or the viscera 2. B) form a lipid-protein (lipoprotein) cell membrane on the outside of axons 3. C) transmit nerve impulses from the skin and organs to the central nervous system 4. D) connect motor and sensory neurons in their pathways Essentials Of Human Anatomy & Physiology -11th Edition by Elaine N. Marieb - Test Bank. 12) Bipolar neurons are commonly . 1. A) motor neurons 2. B) called neuroglia 3. C) found in ganglia 4. D) found in the eye and nose 5. E) more abundant in adults than in children Answer: D Page Ref: 258 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 13) During the resting state, a neuron is . 1. A) polarized with more sodium ions outside the cell and more potassium ions inside the cell 2. B) propagating the action potential 3. C) depolarizing and generating an action potential 4. D) restoring the ionic conditions utilizing the sodium-potassium pump 5. E) repolarizing as potassium ions diffuse out of the cell Answer: A Page Ref: 258 Bloom’s: 2) Comprehension 14) Immediately after an action potential is propagated, which one of the following ions rapidly diffuses out of the cell into the tissue fluid . 1. A) sodium 2. B) chloride Essentials Of Human Anatomy & Physiology -11th Edition by Elaine N. Marieb - Test Bank. 3. C) calcium 4. D) potassium 5. E) magnesium Answer: D Page Ref: 260 Bloom’s: 2) Comprehension 15) An action potential is caused by an influx of these ions into the cell . 1. A) potassium 2. B) sodium 3. C) calcium 4. D) magnesium 5. E) both potassium and sodium Answer: B Page Ref: 260 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 16) Nerve impulse transmissions occurring along myelinated neurons are called . 1. A) saltatory conduction 2. B) threshold 3. C) graded potential 4. D) sodium-potassium pump 5. E) all-or-none response Essentials Of Human Anatomy & Physiology -11th Edition by Elaine N. Marieb - Test Bank. Answer: A Page Ref: 260 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 17) Neurons either conduct action potentials along the length of their axons, or they remain at rest. This statement best describes . 1. A) a reflex arc 2. B) the all-or-none response 3. C) repolarization 4. D) saltatory conduction 5. E) graded potential Answer: B Page Ref: 260 Bloom’s: 2) Comprehension 18) Which one of the following is the correct sequence of events that correlates to the sequence of events of a nerve impulse? 1. the membrane becomes depolarized 2. sodium channels open and sodium ions diffuse inward 3. the membrane becomes repolarized 4. potassium channels open and potassium ions diffuse outward while sodium is actively transported out of the cell 5. A) 3, 2, 4, 1 6. B) 2, 1, 4, 3 7. C) 2, 1, 3, 4 Essentials Of Human Anatomy & Physiology -11th Edition by Elaine N. Marieb - Test Bank. 23) Rick quickly pulled his hand away from the hot stove. This reflex is best known as a(n) . 1. A) two-neuron reflex 2. B) patellar reflex 3. C) knee-jerk reflex 4. D) withdrawal reflex 5. E) autonomic reflex Answer: D Page Ref: 263 Bloom’s: 2) Comprehension 24) Which type of reflex involves skeletal muscles? 1. A) parasympathetic 2. B) sympathetic 3. C) autonomic 4. D) somatic 5. E) visceral Answer: D Page Ref: 261 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 25) The sensory homunculus is located in the primary somatic sensory area in the . 1. A) parietal lobe 2. B) occipital lobe Essentials Of Human Anatomy & Physiology -11th Edition by Elaine N. Marieb - Test Bank. 3. C) frontal lobe 4. D) temporal lobe 5. E) cerebellum Answer: A Page Ref: 264 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 26) A stroke in the primary motor area has caused Don to lose control over his skeletal muscles on the right side of his body. What lobe of his brain was damaged? 1. A) occipital lobe 2. B) temporal lobe 3. C) frontal lobe 4. D) parietal lobe 5. E) pyramidal tract Answer: C Page Ref: 264 Bloom’s: 3) Application 27) Sally has a brain injury; she knows what she wants to say but can’t vocalize the words. The part of her brain that deals with the ability to speak is the . 1. A) longitudinal fissure 2. B) gyrus 3. C) central sulcus 4. D) Broca’s area Essentials Of Human Anatomy & Physiology -11th Edition by Elaine N. Marieb - Test Bank. 5. E) primary motor area Answer: D Page Ref: 264 Bloom’s: 2) Comprehension 28) The midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata are housed in the . 1. A) diencephalon 2. B) hypothalamus 3. C) brain stem 4. D) pineal gland 5. E) cerebellum Answer: C Page Ref: 265, 270 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 29) What part of the brain stem houses reflex centers for vision and hearing? 1. A) pons 2. B) corpora quadrigemina 3. C) fourth ventricle 4. D) medulla oblongata 5. E) reticular formation Answer: B Page Ref: 270 Essentials Of Human Anatomy & Physiology -11th Edition by Elaine N. Marieb - Test Bank. 3. C) midbrain 4. D) cerebrum 5. E) hypothalamus Answer: B Page Ref: 270 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 35) Loss of muscle coordination results from damage to the . 1. A) cerebrum 2. B) hypothalamus 3. C) cerebellum 4. D) thalamus 5. E) midbrain Answer: C Page Ref: 270-271 Bloom’s: 2) Comprehension 36) Which one of the following represents the correct sequence from outermost to innermost layers of the meninges? 1. A) pia mater, dura mater, arachnoid mater 2. B) pia mater, arachnoid mater, dura mater 3. C) arachnoid mater, dura mater, pia mater 4. D) dura mater, pia mater, arachnoid mater Essentials Of Human Anatomy & Physiology -11th Edition by Elaine N. Marieb - Test Bank. 5. E) dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater Answer: E Page Ref: 271 Bloom’s: 2) Comprehension 37) Cerebrospinal fluid is reabsorbed into venous blood in the dural sinuses via the . 1. A) cerebral aqueduct 2. B) hypothalamus 3. C) arachnoid villus 4. D) choroid plexus 5. E) pons Answer: C Page Ref: 271 Bloom’s: 2) Comprehension 38) The cerebrospinal fluid . 1. A) is secreted by the arachnoid villi 2. B) enters the four ventricles after filling and circulating through the subarachnoid space 3. C) is secreted mostly by the ependymal cells lining the brain ventricles 4. D) is continually formed mostly by the choroid plexuses 5. E) is identical in composition to whole blood Answer: D Page Ref: 272 Essentials Of Human Anatomy & Physiology -11th Edition by Elaine N. Marieb - Test Bank. Bloom’s: 2) Comprehension 39) The blood-brain barrier is effective against the passage of . 1. A) water 2. B) nutrients such as glucose 3. C) alcohol 4. D) anesthetics 5. E) metabolic waste such as urea Answer: E Page Ref: 274 Bloom’s: 2) Comprehension 40) Which of the following brain dysfunctions is also known as a stroke? 1. A) cerebrovascular accident (CVA) 2. B) Alzheimer’s disease 3. C) aphasia 4. D) cerebral edema 5. E) Parkinson’s disease Answer: A Page Ref: 275 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 41) The spinal cord terminates around vertebra . Essentials Of Human Anatomy & Physiology -11th Edition by Elaine N. Marieb - Test Bank. Page Ref: 281 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 46) How many pairs of cranial nerves branch from the surface of the brain? 1. A) three 2. B) five 3. C) seven 4. D) twelve 5. E) eighteen Answer: D Page Ref: 281 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 47) Which cranial nerves control eye movement? 1. A) cranial nerve II, IV, V 2. B) cranial nerve III, IV, VI 3. C) cranial nerve V, VI, VIII 4. D) cranial nerve VIII, X, XII 5. E) cranial nerve IX, X, XI Answer: B Page Ref: 282-283 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge Essentials Of Human Anatomy & Physiology -11th Edition by Elaine N. Marieb - Test Bank. 48) The ventral rami of the spinal nerves form complex networks of nerves known as a . 1. A) ganglion 2. B) reflex 3. C) plexus 4. D) tract 5. E) fascicle Answer: C Page Ref: 285 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 49) Which cranial nerve descends into the thoracic and abdominal cavities to regulate heart rate and promote digestive activity? 1. A) oculomotor 2. B) vagus 3. C) hypoglossal 4. D) accessory 5. E) glossopharyngeal Answer: B Page Ref: 283 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 50) Which nervous system subdivision is a chain of two motor neurons consisting of a preganglionic neuron and a postganglionic neuron? 1. A) somatic Essentials Of Human Anatomy & Physiology -11th Edition by Elaine N. Marieb - Test Bank. 2. B) central 3. C) autonomic 4. D) skeletal 5. E) sensory Answer: C Page Ref: 289 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 51) Which of the following is NOT a major nerve of the brachial nerve plexus? 1. A) radial 2. B) axillary 3. C) musculocutaneous 4. D) median 5. E) phrenic Answer: E Page Ref: 286 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 52) The sciatic nerve is the largest nerve in the body resulting from a combination of which two nerves? 1. A) pudendal and femoral nerves 2. B) femoral and tibial nerves 3. C) pudendal and common peroneal nerves Essentials Of Human Anatomy & Physiology -11th Edition by Elaine N. Marieb - Test Bank. 57) Which of the following effects is characteristic of the parasympathetic nervous system? 1. A) decreased activity of the digestive system 2. B) stimulated sweat glands to produce perspiration 3. C) decreased urine output 4. D) increased metabolic rate 5. E) decreased heart rate Answer: E Page Ref: 290, 292 Bloom’s: 4) Analysis 58) The effects of the sympathetic nervous system are essentially opposite of the . 1. A) central nervous system 2. B) parasympathetic nervous system 3. C) autonomic nervous system 4. D) motor division 5. E) sensory division Answer: B Page Ref: 251, 290 Bloom’s: 2) Comprehension 59) Sympathetic division fibers leave the spinal cord in the . 1. A) craniosacral regions, and the postganglionic fibers secrete norepinephrine 2. B) thoracolumbar region, and the postganglionic fibers secrete acetylcholine 3. C) craniosacral region, and the postganglionic fibers secrete acetylcholine Essentials Of Human Anatomy & Physiology -11th Edition by Elaine N. Marieb - Test Bank. 4. D) thoracolumbar region, and the postganglionic fibers secrete norepinephrine 5. E) craniosacral region, and the preganglionic fibers secrete norepinephrine Answer: D Page Ref: 290 Bloom’s: 2) Comprehension 60) What congenital disorder results when the vertebrae fail to form completely around the spinal cord, typically in the lumbosacral region? 1. A) cystic fibrosis 2. B) anencephaly 3. C) hydrocephaly 4. D) cerebral palsy 5. E) spina bifida Answer: E Page Ref: 293 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 61) Which one of the following statements about aging is most accurate? 1. A) the brain reaches its maximum weight around the seventh decade of life 2. B) synaptic connections are too fixed to permit a great deal of learning after the age of 35 3. C) despite some neuronal loss, an unlimited number of neural pathways are available and ready to be developed; therefore, additional learning can occur throughout life 4. D) learning throughout the adult and aging years is supported primarily by glial proliferation Essentials Of Human Anatomy & Physiology -11th Edition by Elaine N. Marieb - Test Bank. 5. E) increased efficiency of the sympathetic nervous system enhances the ability to learn Answer: C Page Ref: 294-295 Bloom’s: 3) Application 7.3 True/False Questions 1) The central nervous system includes the spinal nerves and cranial nerves. Answer: FALSE Page Ref: 250 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 2) The parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems are subdivisions of the autonomic nervous system. Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 250, 251 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 3) Ependymal cells beat their cilia to help circulate cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 252-253 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 4) Gaps between adjacent Schwann cells of a myelin sheath are known as nodes of Ranvier. Answer: TRUE Essentials Of Human Anatomy & Physiology -11th Edition by Elaine N. Marieb - Test Bank. Page Ref: 270 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 14) The thalamus plays a role in regulation of body temperature, metabolism, and water balance. Answer: FALSE Page Ref: 270 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 15) Cerebrospinal fluid circulates within the ventricles of the brain and also in the subarachnoid space outside the brain. Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 272, 273 Bloom’s: 2) Comprehension 16) The collection of spinal nerves at the inferior end of the spinal cord is called the cauda equina. Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 277 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 17) There is no possibility of damaging the spinal cord below the third lumbar vertebra. Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 277 Bloom’s: 2) Comprehension Essentials Of Human Anatomy & Physiology -11th Edition by Elaine N. Marieb - Test Bank. 18) The ventral and dorsi rami of each spinal nerve contain both sensory and motor nerves. Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 281 Bloom’s: 2) Comprehension 19) Cranial nerve X is the vestibulocochlear nerve, its fibers carry sensations of hearing and equilibrium to the brain. Answer: FALSE Page Ref: 282-283 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 20) There are 31 pairs of cranial nerves and 12 pairs of spinal nerves. Answer: FALSE Page Ref: 277, 281 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 21) Complex networks of spinal nerves are termed nerve plexuses. Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 285 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 22) Sympathetic postganglionic fibers release norepinephrine and the preganglionic axon releases acetylcholine. Essentials Of Human Anatomy & Physiology -11th Edition by Elaine N. Marieb - Test Bank. Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 290 Bloom’s: 2) Comprehension 23) Both the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems operate with a chain of two motor neurons. Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 289 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 24) The parasympathetic division is also called the craniosacral division since the preganglionic neurons originate in the brain and sacral region of the spinal cord. Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 290 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge 25) The usual cause of nervous system deterioration as we age is circulatory system problems. Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 294 Bloom’s: 2) Comprehension 7.4 Matching Questions Match the following: