ESSENTIALS OF HUMAN ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY EDITION 11 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS RATED A+ NE, Exams of Nursing

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PHYSIOLOGY – EDITION 11 EXAM QUESTIONS AND

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PHYSIOLOGY – EDITION 11 EXAM QUESTIONS AND

• Which of the following statements is NOT part of the cell theory?
  1. A) The biochemical activities of cells depends on the number of their subcellular structures.
  2. B) The human body is composed of 50 to 100 trillion cells.
  3. C) Cells are the basic structural and functional unit of living organisms.
  4. D) The activity of an organism depends on its collective cellular activities.
  5. E) The continuity of life has a cellular basis. Answer: B Page Ref: 87 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge
• What is the arrangement of the phospholipids as a substance passes through the plasma membrane?
  1. A) phospholipid head, phospholipid tails, phospholipid head, phospholipid tails
  2. B) phospholipid head, phospholipid head, phospholipid tails, phospholipid tails
  3. C) phospholipid head, phospholipid tails, phospholipid tails, phospholipid head
  4. D) phospholipid tail, phospholipid head, phospholipid tail
  5. E) phospholipid tails, phospholipid head, phospholipid

PHYSIOLOGY – EDITION 11 EXAM QUESTIONS AND

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PHYSIOLOGY – EDITION 11 EXAM QUESTIONS AND

head, phospholipid tails Answer: C Page Ref: 89 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge

PHYSIOLOGY – EDITION 11 EXAM QUESTIONS AND

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PHYSIOLOGY – EDITION 11 EXAM QUESTIONS AND

• Which of the following is NOT a structural component of the nucleus?
  1. A) nuclear envelope
  2. B) nucleolus
  3. C) Golgi apparatus
  4. D) chromatin
  5. E) nuclear pores Answer: C Page Ref: 88 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge
• Nutrients and ions can pass directly from cell to cell through special membrane junctions known as _.
  1. A) desmosomes
  2. B) gap junctions
  3. C) inclusions
  4. D) microvilli
  5. E) tight junctions Answer: B Page Ref: 90 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge
• The three major components of the cytoplasm are the _.

PHYSIOLOGY – EDITION 11 EXAM QUESTIONS AND

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1. A) cytosol, organelles, and inclusions
2. B) cytosol, inclusions, and nucleoli
3. C) cytosol, organelles, and nucleoli
4. D) organelles, inclusions, and nucleoli
5. E) organelles, inclusions, and ribosomes Answer: A Page Ref: 91 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge

• Which of the following is NOT considered a cytoplasmic organelle?

1. A) mitochondrion
2. B) Golgi apparatus
3. C) flagellum
4. D) rough endoplasmic reticulum
5. E) peroxisome Answer: C Page Ref: 95 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge

• The preparation of secretory vesicles for export from the cell is the responsibility of the _.

PHYSIOLOGY – EDITION 11 EXAM QUESTIONS AND

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PHYSIOLOGY – EDITION 11 EXAM QUESTIONS AND

1. A) mitochondrion
2. B) Golgi apparatus
3. C) cytoskeleton
4. D) peroxisome
5. E) smooth endoplasmic reticulum Answer: B Page Ref: 92 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge

PHYSIOLOGY – EDITION 11 EXAM QUESTIONS AND

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PHYSIOLOGY – EDITION 11 EXAM QUESTIONS AND

• The organelle that contains enzymes produced by ribosomes and packaged by the Golgi apparatus is the _.
  1. A) Golgi apparatus
  2. B) lysosome
  3. C) peroxisome
  4. D) ribosome
  5. E) rough endoplasmic reticulum Answer: B Page Ref: 94 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge
• The movement of fluid through the cell membrane from a high pressure area to a lower pressure area is called.
  1. A) active transport
  2. B) bulk transport
  3. C) osmosis
  4. D) diffusion
  5. E) filtration Answer: E Page Ref: 102 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge
• Passive processes that move substances across membranes _.

PHYSIOLOGY – EDITION 11 EXAM QUESTIONS AND

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1. A) utilize ATP
2. B) employ protein pumps
3. C) transport substances against their concentration gradients
4. D) require no ATP
5. E) include exocytosis and endocytosis Answer: D Page Ref: 100 Bloom’s: 2) Comprehension

• Osmosis transports water across membranes using.

1. A) ATP
2. B) solute pumping
3. C) aquaporins
4. D) sodium-potassium pump
5. E) vesicles Answer: C Page Ref: 101 Bloom’s: 2) Comprehension

• What assists the movement of substances by facilitated diffusion?

1. A) ATP

PHYSIOLOGY – EDITION 11 EXAM QUESTIONS AND

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PHYSIOLOGY – EDITION 11 EXAM QUESTIONS AND

2. B) protein carrier or channel
3. C) lysosomes
4. D) aquaporins
5. E) solute pumps Answer: B Page Ref: 101 Bloom’s: 2) Comprehension

PHYSIOLOGY – EDITION 11 EXAM QUESTIONS AND

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• What is required for diffusion to occur?
  1. A) protein carrier or channel
  2. B) concentration gradient
  3. C) ATP
  4. D) solute pump
  5. E) ribosomes Answer: B Page Ref: 100 - 101 Bloom’s: 4) Analysis
• Two types of endocytosis are _.
  1. A) cellular secretion and solute pumping
  2. B) solute pumping and active transport
  3. C) active transport and phagocytosis
  4. D) phagocytosis and pinocytosis
  5. E) pinocytosis and passive transport Answer: D Page Ref: 103 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge
• A solution that contains fewer solutes than the cell is _.
  1. A) hypotonic
  2. B) hypertonic

PHYSIOLOGY – EDITION 11 EXAM QUESTIONS AND

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PHYSIOLOGY – EDITION 11 EXAM QUESTIONS AND

3. C) intravenous
4. D) isotonic
5. E) Ringer’s lactate Answer: A Page Ref: 108 Bloom’s: 2) Comprehension

• Which of the following substances must travel across a membrane via facilitated diffusion?

1. A) carbon dioxide
2. B) water
3. C) oxygen
4. D) fat-soluble vitamins
5. E) glucose Answer: E Page Ref: 101 Bloom’s: 2) Comprehension

• Which of the following processes require the use of protein carrier molecules?

1. A) facilitated diffusion and solute pumping

PHYSIOLOGY – EDITION 11 EXAM QUESTIONS AND

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2. B) facilitated diffusion and vesicular transport
3. C) vesicular transport and osmosis
4. D) osmosis and filtration
5. E) filtration and exocytosis Answer: A Page Ref: 101 - 103 Bloom’s: 2) Comprehension

• A cell is isotonic to its 4% dextrose solution. When moved to a 6% dextrose solution, that cell will _.

1. A) shrink

PHYSIOLOGY – EDITION 11 EXAM QUESTIONS AND

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2. B) plump
3. C) bloat
4. D) rupture
5. E) lyse Answer: A Page Ref: 108 Bloom’s: 3) Application

• The portion of the cell’s life cycle that does NOT involve cell division is known as.

1. A) interphase
2. B) mitosis
3. C) metaphase
4. D) prophase
5. E) cytokinesis Answer: A Page Ref: 105 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge

• The molecule that carries an amino acid to the ribosome for

PHYSIOLOGY – EDITION 11 EXAM QUESTIONS AND

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incorporation into a protein is _.

1. A) ATP
2. B) messenger RNA (mRNA)
3. C) ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
4. D) DNA
5. E) transfer RNA (tRNA) Answer: E Page Ref: 109 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge

• The correct order of phases of the mitosis is.

1. A) prophase, interphase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
2. B) prophase, anaphase, telophase, metaphase
3. C) metaphase, anaphase, prophase, telophase
4. D) telophase, metaphase, anaphase, prophase
5. E) prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase Answer: E Page Ref: 106 - 107 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge

• The process of transcription _.

1. A) produces ATP from glucose and oxygen

PHYSIOLOGY – EDITION 11 EXAM QUESTIONS AND

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2. B) transfers information from DNA into mRNA
3. C) occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell
4. D) creates proteins from mRNA
5. E) translates nucleic acids into amino acids Answer: B Page Ref: 109 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge

• Sequences of three bases found in messenger RNA (mRNA) are called _.

1. A) anticodons
2. B) deoxyribose sugars
3. C) codons

PHYSIOLOGY – EDITION 11 EXAM QUESTIONS AND

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PHYSIOLOGY – EDITION 11 EXAM QUESTIONS AND

4. D) ribosomes
5. E) amino acids Answer: C Page Ref: 109 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge

• The two major phases of protein synthesis are _.

1. A) transcription and replication
2. B) mitosis and interphase
3. C) replication and translation
4. D) transcription and translation
5. E) synthesis and cytokinesis Answer: D Page Ref: 109 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge

• Which of the following represents a segment of RNA?

1. A) AUGUCA
2. B) ATGCTA
3. C) TGCGTT
4. D) CTGTGG
5. E) GTCATA

PHYSIOLOGY – EDITION 11 EXAM QUESTIONS AND

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Answer: A Page Ref: 109, 111 Bloom’s: 2) Comprehension

• DNA replication takes place during _.
  1. A) interphase
  2. B) prophase
  3. C) metaphase
  4. D) anaphase
  5. E) telophase Answer: A Page Ref: 105 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge
• During transcription, which base pairs with adenine of DNA in the newly formed molecule of RNA?
  1. A) thymine
  2. B) adenine
  3. C) uracil
  4. D) cytosine
  5. E) guanine

PHYSIOLOGY – EDITION 11 EXAM QUESTIONS AND

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Answer: C Page Ref: 105 - 106 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge

• If the sequence of nitrogenous bases in one strand of DNA is GTA- GCA, the sequence of bases on its complementary DNA strand would be _.
  1. A) CAU-CGU
  2. B) CAT-CGT
  3. C) GAU-GCU

PHYSIOLOGY – EDITION 11 EXAM QUESTIONS AND

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PHYSIOLOGY – EDITION 11 EXAM QUESTIONS AND

4. D) GAT-GCT

5. E) ACG-

ATT Answer: B Page Ref: 106 Bloom’s: 2) Comprehension

• A tissue constructed of a single layer of flattened cells is known as _.
  1. A) simple squamous epithelium
  2. B) simple columnar epithelium
  3. C) simple cuboidal epithelium
  4. D) stratified squamous epithelium
  5. E) transitional epithelium Answer: A Page Ref: 112 Bloom’s: 2) Comprehension
• Which type of tissue conducts electrochemical impulses?
  1. A) epithelial tissue
  2. B) muscle tissue
  3. C) nervous tissue
  4. D) connective tissue
  5. E) dense tissue Answer: C Page Ref: 123 - 124

PHYSIOLOGY – EDITION 11 EXAM QUESTIONS AND

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PHYSIOLOGY – EDITION 11 EXAM QUESTIONS AND

Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge

• Which of the following is NOT classified as a connective tissue?
  1. A) bone
  2. B) cartilage
  3. C) blood
  4. D) skeletal muscle
  5. E) adipose Answer: D Page Ref: 117 Bloom’s: 3) Application
• Which type of tissue is situated in the lining of the urinary bladder and urethra where stretching occurs?
  1. A) simple cuboidal epithelium
  2. B) stratified squamous epithelium
  3. C) simple squamous epithelium
  4. D) pseudostratified columnar epithelium
  5. E) transitional epithelium Answer: E Page Ref: 113, 115, 116

PHYSIOLOGY – EDITION 11 EXAM QUESTIONS AND

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PHYSIOLOGY – EDITION 11 EXAM QUESTIONS AND

Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge

• The tissue that is usually well vascularized and has an extensive extracellular matrix is called _.
  1. A) epithelial tissue
  2. B) connective tissue
  3. C) nervous tissue
  4. D) muscle tissue

PHYSIOLOGY – EDITION 11 EXAM QUESTIONS AND

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5. E) brain tissue Answer: B Page Ref: 117 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge

• Which of the following epithelial tissues is composed of many layers of cells?

1. A) pseudostratified columnar epithelium
2. B) simple squamous epithelium
3. C) simple columnar epithelium
4. D) simple cuboidal epithelium
5. E) stratified squamous epithelium Answer: E Page Ref: 116 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge

• Bone is best described as _.

1. A) dense connective tissue
2. B) epithelial tissue
3. C) adipose tissue
4. D) areolar tissue
5. E) osseous tissue Answer: E Page Ref: 117

PHYSIOLOGY – EDITION 11 EXAM QUESTIONS AND

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PHYSIOLOGY – EDITION 11 EXAM QUESTIONS AND

Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge

• Identify the type of connective tissue that is found in lymph nodes, the spleen, and bone marrow.
  1. A) adipose tissue
  2. B) dense connective tissue
  3. C) areolar tissue
  4. D) reticular connective tissue
  5. E) osseous tissue Answer: D Page Ref: 120, 121 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge
• Glands, such as the thyroid, that secrete their products directly into the blood rather than through ducts are classified as _.
  1. A) exocrine
  2. B) endocrine
  3. C) sebaceous
  4. D) ceruminous
  5. E) sudoriferous Answer: B

PHYSIOLOGY – EDITION 11 EXAM QUESTIONS AND

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Page Ref: 116 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge

• Which of these characteristics best describes cardiac muscle tissue?
  1. A) movement is involuntary and cells possess striations
  2. B) attached to the skeleton
  3. C) movement is voluntary and cells possess striations
  4. D) single nucleus and spindle-shaped cells
  5. E) multinucleate and long, cylindrical cells

PHYSIOLOGY – EDITION 11 EXAM QUESTIONS AND

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Answer: A Page Ref: 123 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge

• The type of muscle found in the walls of hollow organs, such as the stomach, and in the walls of blood vessels is.
  1. A) cardiac muscle
  2. B) skeletal muscle
  3. C) smooth muscle
  4. D) both smooth muscle and skeletal muscle
  5. E) both cardiac muscle and skeletal muscle Answer: C Page Ref: 123 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge
• The presence of chondrocytes indicates that a tissue is _.
  1. A) adipose
  2. B) cartilage
  3. C) bone
  4. D) blood
  5. E) areolar

PHYSIOLOGY – EDITION 11 EXAM QUESTIONS AND

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Answer: B Page Ref: 117 Bloom’s: 2) Comprehension

• Damaged tissues that are repaired by the same kind of cells experience a replacement process known as _.
  1. A) inflammation
  2. B) regeneration
  3. C) fibrosis
  4. D) scarring
  5. E) clotting Answer: B Page Ref: 125 Bloom’s: 1) Knowledge
• Intercalated discs found in cardiac muscle tissue are _.
  1. A) tight junctions
  2. B) phagocytes
  3. C) gap junctions
  4. D) signet ring cells
  5. E) desmosomes