Download exam 1 | POLS 1101 - American Government and more Quizzes Local Government Studies in PDF only on Docsity! TERM 1 Direct democracy DEFINITION 1 political decisions are made by the people directly rather than by elected representatives TERM 2 representative democracy DEFINITION 2 the power to delegate authority resides with citizens but representatives make law. TERM 3 Federalist 10 DEFINITION 3 In this document, madison questions the ability of majority factions to dominate politics. he then argues that this tyranny of the majority may be diluted in republics TERM 4 initiative DEFINITION 4 a process that allows citizens who collect the required number of petition signatures to place proposed laws directly on the ballot for citizens to vote on TERM 5 referendum DEFINITION 5 allows legislatures to put certain issues on the ballot for citizen approval for legislative action. TERM 6 how much power should be delegated to the national gov't? DEFINITION 6 some examples of tension between gov't and citizens include:manufacturing recallsnational security policiesgreenhouse emissionstaxes TERM 7 The French and Indian War DEFINITION 7 also known as the SEVEN YEARS WAR, this british victory led to to spain ceding FL to britian to regain cuba while gaining LA from france in compensation for its losses and open navigation of the Mississippi River to all nations TERM 8 Name 3 structural characteristics, established under the articles of confederation, which lead to national probz DEFINITION 8 State legislatures had to pay their own legislators. The legislature had no power to tax or regulate trade.States implemented their own laws. There was no national court system. Continental Congress with equal representation of the states and no representation of the people.Decision- making based on 9/13 or 13/13.Under this system, the executive was a figurehead from within the Continental Congress. TERM 9 Name 3 probz that occured as a result of structural errors under the Articles of confederation DEFINITION 9 1. Military crises-Newburgh crises, mutinies, Indian confrontations, British forts. Social and economic-debt (Shays Rebellion and Annapolis Convention), inflation, trade (Jay- Gardoqui Treaty). TERM 10 VA v NJ plans of Representation DEFINITION 10 VA-Bicameral-based on population-legislature had rights and could veto lawsNJ-unicameral-based on states equally-ability to levy tax and regulate trade TERM 21 general revenue sharing DEFINITION 21 money from congress to the states that can be spent any way you want to TERM 22 bifactionalism DEFINITION 22 term to describe when two dominate factions from the same political party TERM 23 constitution of 1945 DEFINITION 23 granted women the right to jury dutyestablished the office of luet governorenlarged the supreme court TERM 24 name 3 implications of GA general assembly being a part-time legislature DEFINITION 24 bills must reach the senate by cross over day in order to become a lawlimited staff resourcesinterns are more involved in policy making TERM 25 one implication of GA having a plural executive DEFINITION 25 executives are elected separately and can be from different political parites TERM 26 what does section 5 of the voting rights act require DEFINITION 26 states must secure an approval of change for election from the department of justice or the district court. TERM 27 social contract theory DEFINITION 27 government has only the authority governed to it by those it's goeverning TERM 28 mob rule DEFINITION 28 gov't is ran by a mass of people with no formal authority TERM 29 hamiltonian view DEFINITION 29 elites should govern the nationstrong executive should head the nationstrong national gov't would unify the coloniesmore industrial and military power TERM 30 the policy making process follows a series of stages. name them: DEFINITION 30 Identification, agenda-setting, formulation (ideas are proposed), enactment (legislature passes a law), implementation, and evaluation. TERM 31 the gateways to democracy have opened wider. name 3 reasons why: DEFINITION 31 1) Citizens now vote for the president and U.S. senators;2) initiatives and referenda allow many citizens a direct say in policy making in the states;3) equal suffrage has been extended to all Americans;4) new media has opened new avenues of communication between citizens and elected leaders;6) scientific polling has deepened understanding of public opinion; and7) increased educational opportunities have made it possible for more citizens to be better informed about government and policy debates TERM 32 natural rights DEFINITION 32 rights that every individual has and gov't can't take away TERM 33 barron v baltimore DEFINITION 33 This Supreme Court decision declared that the Bill of Rights was not binding on the states and was slowly reversed in the twentieth century. TERM 34 compelling interest case DEFINITION 34 used by the supreme court in civil liberties cases to determine if a state has a compelling interest for infringing on a right and if the law is narrowly drawn to meet that interest. TERM 35 hate speech DEFINITION 35 attacks a group