Exam 2: NUR209/ NUR 209 (New 2024/ 2025 Update) Medical Surgical Nursing II Review | Q&A, Exams of Nursing

Download Exam 2: NUR209/ NUR 209 (New 2024/ 2025 Update) Medical Surgical Nursing II Review | Q&A and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! Exam 2: NUR209/ NUR 209 (New 2024/ 2025 Update) Medical Surgical Nursing II Review | Questions and Verified Answers| 100% Correct| A Grade – Fortis QUESTION Heart failure pt at home, they need to know when to call provider Answer: -weight gain -increase dyspnea QUESTION nursing interventions for fluid volume overload or deficit Answer: daily weight and I's and o's QUESTION Signs and symptoms of dig toxicity Answer: (head and gut) Confusion, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, or vision problems. QUESTION what can taking captopril put the patient at risk for? Answer: -severe hypotension -hyperkalemia -angioedema QUESTION what do digoxin and lassie do to potassium? Answer: increase potassium QUESTION what is the normal pr interval? Answer: 0.24 QUESTION what level of potassium can cause a PVC? Answer: hypokalemia QUESTION what will a patients urine amount be if they have decreased cardiac output? Answer: Answer: turns it brown QUESTION what urine test will the dr order for a urine protein count? Answer: 24 hour urine QUESTION therapies for high potassium levels Answer: -calcium glutinate IV -dietary restriction -hemodialysis -patiromer -regular insulin IV -sodium bicarb -sodium polystyrene sulfonate QUESTION what is erythropoietin used for? Answer: CHRONIC kidney disease QUESTION a patient just has a TURP and the catheter is clogged, what do you do? Answer: irrigate the catheter QUESTION what to do if a patients potassium is higher than 5.5? Answer: put them on a cardiac monitor immediately to watch their rhythm to make sure they are okay QUESTION what to give a patient with acute hyperkalemia? Answer: IV glucose and insulin or IV 10% calcium gluconate QUESTION how does kayexalate work? Answer: - Given by mouth or retention enema - When resin is in the bowel, potassium is exchanged for sodium - Produces osmotic diarrhea, allowing for evacuation of potassium-rich stool - Removes 1 mEq of potassium per 1 g of drug QUESTION when is kayexalate contraindicated? Answer: with a patient with a paralytic ileus (bowel necrosis can occur) QUESTION what will a patient with end stage chronic kidney diseases BUN, creatinine, and GFR look like? Answer: GFR: < 15 -BUN and creatinine will INCREASE as GFR decreases QUESTION how to look for signs and symptoms of infection during peritoneal dialysis? Answer: -redness, tenderness, drainage -most often caused by staphylococcus aureus QUESTION how to tell hematocrit if only given hemoglobin levels? Answer: hematocrit is 3 times hemoglobin QUESTION why do we give chronic kidney patients epoetin alfa? Answer: they have anemia due to a decreased production of erythropoietin by the kidneys. QUESTION patient teaching for urinalysis Answer: -before: wash perineal area before collection -during: try to obtain first urinated morning specimen -after: ensure specimen is examined within 1 hr QUESTION patient teaching for culture and sensitivity test Answer: -during: use sterile container (touch only the outside) -women: wipe front to back, dry with sterile swab, separate labia -men: retract foreskin, cleanse around glans, replace foreskin after cleaning -after cleaning: collect the specimen about 1-2 seconds after voiding starts QUESTION normal finding of a creatinine clearance? Answer: 87-139mL/min QUESTION pt teaching for 24 hr collection (creatinine clearance) Answer: -discard first urine when starting -save urine from all urinations in 24 hr -have pt urinate at the end of 24 hr and collect the specimen -ensure blood serum creatinine is measured during the 24 hr period QUESTION how to manage hyperkalemia Answer: - calcium gluconate IV - Dietary restrictions - Hemodialysis - Patiromer (Veltassa) (oral suspension that binds potassium in the GI tract - Regular insulin IV - Sodium bicarbonate - Sodium polystyrene sulfonate (kayexalate) QUESTION What are TURP complications? Answer: -nausea -vomiting -confusion bradycardia -HTN -bleeding and clot retention QUESTION how to manage the 3 way CBI after a TURP? Answer: continuous bladder irrigation for the first 24 hours to prevent obstruction from blood clots QUESTION what dysrhythmias can hypokalemia cause? Answer: -QT Prolongation -appearance of U waves that mimic atrial flutter -T-wave flattening -ST-segment depression QUESTION a patient is having PVC's what electrolyte imbalance is most likely the cause of this? Answer: hypokalemia QUESTION a patient with endocarditis has a decreased cardiac output, what would you suspect their urinary output to be? Answer: less than 30ml/hr QUESTION how would a nurse assess for tamponade on a patient with acute pericarditis? Answer: listen with the BP cuff for korotkoff sounds QUESTION what OTC meds should a patient with mitral valve prolapse avoid?