Key Concepts in Psychology and Learning Theories, Quizzes of Psychology

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Overestimated

In a study by Elizabeth Loftus, participants who watched a

video of an accident tended to ______ the speed of the

vehicle when the researchers used the word "smash" instead

of "hit"?

TERM 2

Cognitive

DEFINITION 2

A_____ perspective on motivation emphasizes the importance

of goals, and feedback on our progress towards those goals.

TERM 3

Extinction

DEFINITION 3

If an unconditioned stimulus is not repeatedly paired with a

conditioned stimulus, _____ will occur?

TERM 4

Sensitization

DEFINITION 4

Sitting in class, neighbor clicks pen. Initially it doesn't bother

me but after a while you can't stand the subtle noise. This

experience is_________?

TERM 5

James

DEFINITION 5

Who believed we feel sad because we cry?

In classical conditioning, what is spontaneous

recover?

after extinction from association, animal shows conditioned

response again

TERM 7

The Hippocampus is involved with

____memory but not ____memory?

DEFINITION 7

explicit; implicit

TERM 8

Opposites attract?

DEFINITION 8

False

TERM 9

maintenace of "internal milieu" requires

coordinated changes in btoh ____ and ____?

DEFINITION 9

physiology; behavior

TERM 10

Over generations, average IQ scores have

steadily ____?

DEFINITION 10

decreased

emotion involved the interpretation of a

physiological response and the

stimulus/situation..believed by who?

Schachter/Singer

TERM 12

___memories are strong, likely due to

emotional activation of memory during

encoding and even recall?

DEFINITION 12

lightbulb

TERM 13

which property statements is a special

property of the Garcia effect not seen in

classical conditioning?

DEFINITION 13

temporal proximity is not important

TERM 14

Genetically similar to them

DEFINITION 14

In a study by Jacob Et Al, women smelled t-shirts and liked

the ones that were______?

TERM 15

Latent learning

DEFINITION 15

learning that occurs without reinforcement but is only visible

with reinforcement?

Symmetry and statistically average

features?

which is associated with attractiveness in facial features?

TERM 17

Leptin

DEFINITION 17

protein that regulates energy intake/appetite/metabolism?

TERM 18

All cultures have languages

DEFINITION 18

what is NOT used as an indication that humans are hardwired

to hear speech?

TERM 19

highly but not perfectly

DEFINITION 19

a person's score on a test of mental ability is likely to be

_____correlated with his or her scores on other tests?

TERM 20

proximity

DEFINITION 20

Westgate Housing Experiment indicated _____as best

friendship indicator?

Long term memory

Which is reflected by the primacy effect?

TERM 22

Halo Effect

DEFINITION 22

the concept that attractive people are good people is?

TERM 23

Ratio, children

DEFINITION 23

_______ IQ is calculated by dividing a perosn'a mental age by

a physical age and multiplying by 100. This is used to

calculate IQ in _____?

TERM 24

James and Lange

DEFINITION 24

who believed that we feell sad because we cry?

TERM 25

facial expressions influence emotions and

reflect them

DEFINITION 25

what is the basic ideal of the facial feedback hypothesis?

there was sufficient activation of subcortical

structures (Lange = physical changes like

increase in heart rate)

according to the Cannon-Bard theory, you would have the

emotional experience of fear at the sight of a grizzly bear if:

TERM 27

tribe in Papua New Guinea express emotion

similarly to those from Western cultures

DEFINITION 27

which of the following is the strongest evidence for

universality of emotional expression?

TERM 28

self-actualization

DEFINITION 28

acording to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which is at the top

of the hierarchy?

TERM 29

Leptin

DEFINITION 29

_____ is a hormone released by fat cells, which signals

satiety?

TERM 30

Temporal proximity is not important

DEFINITION 30

after extinction of the association, the animal shows the

conditioned response again. What is a special property of the

conditioned food aversion that is not seen in classical

conditioning?

Thorndike

Who proposed the Law of Effect?

TERM 32

Variable interval

DEFINITION 32

which reinforcement schedule involves being reinforced after

a random time period?

TERM 33

responses are higher for ratio schedules than

intervals.

DEFINITION 33

which is true concerning operant conditioning?

TERM 34

Fear of snakes can be acquired by others

DEFINITION 34

Mineka studied the fear responses of wild and lab raises

rhesus monkeys to snakes. What was the primary finding?

TERM 35

Dopamine

DEFINITION 35

which neurotransmitter is believed to play a key role in the

reward system in the brain?

habituation

clicking a pen, opening and closing it, initially you find it

annoying but after a while you realize you don't hear it

anymore...This is called _____?

TERM 37

diurnal

DEFINITION 37

the timing humans sleep can be characterized as:

TERM 38

fatal familial insomnia

DEFINITION 38

which genetically based disease is characterized as the

inability to sleep, loss of motor and cognitive funcitions, and

death within one year of onset?

TERM 39

muscles are paralyzed

DEFINITION 39

which best describes the "paradoxical" aspect of REM sleep?

TERM 40

Crystallized intelligence (knowledge of the

world)

DEFINITION 40

which increases gradually with age throughout the lifetime?

Howard

Gardner

who proposed the idea of multiple intelligences?

TERM 42

Alfred Binet

DEFINITION 42

who devloped the first intelligence test?

TERM 43

12 [(mental age/actual age) x

100]

DEFINITION 43

what is the mental age of an eight year old who has an IQ of

150?

TERM 44

Lower than average intelligence (it's lower

than 100)

DEFINITION 44

A person with an IQ of 80 would be considered to have what?

TERM 45

TRUE

DEFINITION 45

general intelligence predicts a variety of outcomes such as

future employment, income, longevity?

FLUID intelligence

your ability to solve sodoku problems most likely tests which

intelligence?

TERM 47

WISC

DEFINITION 47

IQ test used for children?

TERM 48

unconditioned response

DEFINITION 48

in Pavlov's experiment, salivation to food is known as the:

TERM 49

generalization

DEFINITION 49

_____ refers to the occurrence of the conditioned response

when the stimulus is slightly different than the conditioned

stimuls?

TERM 50

Pavlovian

DEFINITION 50

classical conditioning is aslo known as ______ conditioning?

eating salad with infected lettuce

which has the strongest learning effect?

TERM 52

learning is adaptive

DEFINITION 52

which is an assumption of learning theories?

TERM 53

extinction

DEFINITION 53

if an unconditioned stimulus is not repeatedly paired with the

conditioned stimulus, _____ will occur?

TERM 54

habituation

DEFINITION 54

_____ occurs when a person's responses gradually diminish

after prolonged exposure to a stimulus?

TERM 55

unconditioned stimulus

DEFINITION 55

Joey likes to listen to rock music when cutting onions. After

doing so for a while, he notices his eyes get teary when

listening to rock music. The onion in this situation is

the_____?

the organism learns an association between a

behavior and a consequence

which best characterizes operant learning?

TERM 57

Garcia Effect Learning

DEFINITION 57

the strongest form of learning is...?

TERM 58

association between unconditioned stimulus

and conditioned stimulus

DEFINITION 58

what does an animal learn in classical conditioning?

TERM 59

FALSE

DEFINITION 59

if an animal becomes conditioned to a given stimulus the

animal will show the conditioned response to only that

particular stimulus...?

TERM 60

removing food

DEFINITION 60

which is an example of negative punishment