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EXAM REVIEW QUESTIONS: BIO
COMPREHENSIVE FOR AP3.RTF, 2025/
WITH CORRECT/ACCURATE ANSWERS
Which of the following cells develop into macrophages? 25) ______ A) lymphocytes B) basophils C) neutrophils D) monocytes - CORRECT ANSWERS- D) monocytes Hemopoiesis is 26) ______ A) a stain for blood smears. B) blood cell production. C) different from hematopoiesis. D) a disease of erythrocytes. - CORRECT ANSWERS- B) blood cell production. All blood cells arise from ________ stem cells. 27) ______ A) hemopoietic
B) myeloid C) lymphoid D) mesenoid - CORRECT ANSWERS- A) hemopoietic Oxygen levels are lower at higher altitudes. Why would you expect to see increased numbers of reticulocytes in the blood at high altitudes?
A) More reticulocytes would increase the capacity of blood to fight infections, which are common at high altitude. B) Reticulocytes become megakaryocytes, which produce more platelets for clotting at high altitudes. C) Erythrocyte production is being stimulated to increase the oxygen- carrying capacity of the blood. D) Monocyte production is being stimulated in order to deal with the low oxygen levels. - CORRECT ANSWERS- C) Erythrocyte production is being stimulated to increase the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood. The heart chamber that pumps oxygenated blood to the systemic circuit is the 29) ______ A) right ventricle. B) left ventricle
. C) left atrium.
D) visceral layer of serous pericardium. - CORRECT ANSWERS- C) myocardium. The epicardium is the same as the 33) ______ A) fibrous pericardium. B) pericardium. C) endocardium. D) visceral layer of serous pericardium. - CORRECT ANSWERS- D) visceral layer of serous pericardium. The ________ returns most of the venous blood from the heart to the right atrium. 34) ______ A) posterior interventricular vein B) great cardiac vein C) anterior cardiac vein D) coronary sinus - CORRECT ANSWERS- D) coronary sinus The semilunar valves are closed when the 35) ______ A) blood moves into the aorta and pulmonary trunk. B) atrioventricular valves are closed. C) ventricles are relaxed.
D) ventricles are contracting. - CORRECT ANSWERS- C) ventricles are relaxed. During ventricular systole, blood is 36) ______ A) forced from the ventricles into the aorta and pulmonary trunk. B) not flowing into or out of the heart. C) flowing from the systemic and pulmonary circuits into both the atria and ventricles. D) forced from the atria into the ventricles. - CORRECT ANSWERS- A) forced from the ventricles into the aorta and pulmonary trunk. Cells of the conducting system located between the AV node and bundle branches. 37) ______ A) papillary muscles B) pectinate muscles C) atrioventricular bundle D) trabeculae carneae E) crista terminalis - CORRECT ANSWERS- C) atrioventricular bundle
- The parasympathetic fibers of the vagus nerve 38) ______ A) speed up the heartbeat.
B) thoracic duct C) inguinal lymph node D) thymic corpuscle E) aggregated lymphoid nodule - CORRECT ANSWERS- B) thoracic duct
- Set of lymphatic capillaries that collect fat-laden fluids from the intestinal tract. 42) ______ A) intestinal trunk B) bronchomediastinal trunks C) lacteals D) lumbar trunks E) subclavian trunks - CORRECT ANSWERS- C) lacteals
- Small, bean-shaped organs abundant in the cervical, axillary, and inguinal regions. 43) ______ A) afferent lymphatic vessels B) lymphatic capillaries C) lacteals D) lymphatic ducts E) lymph nodes - CORRECT ANSWERS- E) lymph nodes
- Large lymphatic vessel that, if present, is comprised of the right subclavian trunk, right jugular trunk and right bronchomediastinal trunk. 44) ______ A) MALT B) cisterna chyli C) spleen D) thoracic duct E) right lymphatic duct - CORRECT ANSWERS- E) right lymphatic duct
- Masses of lymphoid tissue within a lymph node. 45) ______ A) trabeculae B) white pulp C) lymphoid follicles D) aggregated lymphoid nodules E) subcapsular sinuses - CORRECT ANSWERS- C) lymphoid follicles
- The lymphatic capillaries are 46) ______ A) as permeable as blood capillaries. B) more permeable than blood capillaries. C) less permeable than blood capillaries.
C) aggregated lymphoid nodules D) MALT E) lacteals - CORRECT ANSWERS- D) MALT
- The immune system cell type that is preferentially destroyed by the AIDS virus is the 50) ______ A) cytotoxic T lymphocyte
. B) helper B lymphocyte. C) B lymphocyte. D) helper T lymphocyte. - CORRECT ANSWERS- D) helper T lymphocyte.
- Of the following, which is the only organ that is not an upper respiratory structure? 51) ______ A) nasal cavity B) bronchi C) vestibule of the nose D) oropharynx - CORRECT ANSWERS- B) bronchi
- Which of the following puts the pathway air travels to the alveoli in the correct order? 52) ______
A) larynx โ primary bronchi โ trachea โ lobar bronchi โ bronchioles โ segmental bronchi B) trachea โ larynx โ segmental bronchi โ primary bronchi โ lobar bronchi โ bronchioles C) larynx โ trachea โ lobar bronchi โ primary bronchi โ bronchioles โ segmental bronchi D) larynx โ trachea โ primary bronchi โ lobar bronchi โ segmental bronchi โ bronchioles - CORRECT ANSWERS- D) larynx โ trachea โ primary bronchi โ lobar bronchi โ segmental bronchi โ bronchioles
- What type of epithelium occurs in the respiratory mucosa? 53)
A) pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium B) stratified squamous epithelium C) simple columnar epithelium D) simple squamous epithelium - CORRECT ANSWERS- A) pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium
- Which cells produce surfactant? 54) ______ A) alveolar macrophages B) chondrocytes C) Type I cells
C) bronchodilation. D) a decrease in blood supply to the bronchioles. - CORRECT ANSWERS- C) bronchodilation.
- Which of the following statements concerning the endocrine glands is incorrect? 1) _______ A) The hormones they secrete regulate processes such as growth and metabolism. B) The hormones they secrete travel more quickly than nerve impulses. C) They secrete messenger molecules called hormones. D) They are a group of ductless glands. - CORRECT ANSWERS- B) The hormones they secrete travel more quickly than nerve impulses.
- The major stimulus for the release of thyroid hormone is 2) _______ A) hormonal. B) humoral. C) calcium. D) nervous. - CORRECT ANSWERS- A) hormonal.
- Which of the following hormones is secreted by neurons? 3) _______ A) growth hormone
B) insulin C) thyroid hormone D) oxytocin - CORRECT ANSWERS- D) oxytocin
- The anatomical stalk of the pituitary is also known as the 4) _______ A) neurohypophysis. B) pars tuberalis. C) tuber cinerum. D) infundibulum. E) adenohypophysis. - CORRECT ANSWERS- D) infundibulum.
- Hormone that inhibits osteoclast activity in children. 5) _______ A) calcitonin B) oxytocin C) parathyroid hormone D) catecholamines E) thyroxine - CORRECT ANSWERS- A) calcitonin
- Class of hormones secreted during chronic stress that depress immune function. 6) _______ A) gonadotrophins
- Class of hormones that regulates secretions of other endocrine glands. 9) _______ A) basophilic B) acidophilic C) atrial naturetic peptide D) renin E) tropic - CORRECT ANSWERS- E) tropic
- Which of the following hormones is secreted by the posterior lobe of the pituitary? 10) ______ A) glucagon B) LH C) adrenaline D) ADH - CORRECT ANSWERS- D) ADH
- Parathyroid hormone causes all of the following except 11) ______ A) activation of vitamin D. B) increase in plasma calcium. C) decreased secretion of calcium by the kidney. D) inhibition of osteoclasts. - CORRECT ANSWERS- D) inhibition of osteoclasts.
- The hormone produced by the heart 12) ______ A) increases the excretion of sodium in the urine. B) decreases urine output. C) increases calcium levels in the blood. D) is secreted in response to low blood volumes. - CORRECT ANSWERS- A) increases the excretion of sodium in the urine.
- Which of the following hormones indirectly increases the secretion of aldosterone from the adrenal cortex? 13) ______ A) renin B) TSH C) corticotropin-releasing hormone D) ACTH - CORRECT ANSWERS- A) renin
- Individuals with type 2 diabetes 14) ______ A) have pancreases that produce and secrete very little insulin. B) have an absolute requirement for insulin injections. C) may often control their disease by diet and exercise.
C) plasma. D) platelets. - CORRECT ANSWERS- B) erythrocytes.
- A plasma protein involved in blood clotting is 18) ______ A) globulin. B) albumin. C) fibrin (and fibrinogen). D) a platelet. - CORRECT ANSWERS- C) fibrin (and fibrinogen).
- The blood's globulins include 19) ______ A) antibodies
. B) hemoglobin. C) albumin. D) fibrinogen. - CORRECT ANSWERS- A) antibodies
- Which of the following groups of cells are most structurally related?
A) eosinophils, basophils, and neutrophils B) basophils, lymphocytes, and monocytes C) monocytes, platelets, and macrophages
D) lymphocytes, erythrocytes, and basophils - CORRECT ANSWERS- A) eosinophils, basophils, and neutrophils
- Leukocytes, ordered from most to least abundant, are the 21)
A) basophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, and neutrophils. B) neutrophils, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils, and lymphocytes. C) neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, and basophils. D) basophils, eosinophils, monocytes, lymphocytes, and neutrophils. - CORRECT ANSWERS- C) neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, and basophils.
- What type of white blood cell increases dramatically during parasitic infections or allergic reactions? 22) ______ A) neutrophil B) basophil C) eosinophil D) monocyte - CORRECT ANSWERS- C) eosinophil
- Which of the following is true regarding T cells and B cells? 23)
