FAML 400 Exam 1 2024/2025: Guaranteed Pass, Exams of Nursing

Download FAML 400 Exam 1 2024/2025: Guaranteed Pass and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! FAML 400 EXAM 1 2024\2025 | GUARANTEED PASS Theories: - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ Are a set of propositions which explain a social phenomena Inform research Examples of the inductive process - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ Observations of 3 families with troubled teens leads to empirical generalization about all families with teens Research on a group of individuals leading to a new theory Your hypothesis (eating Twinkies twice a day will make people gain weight) was supported in your research study. Based on this finding, you suggest that it's not just Twinkies that make you fat; it's probably all Hostess snack cakes that make you fat. Are hypotheses constructed using inductive or deductive thinking in the Wallace Wheel? - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ Hypothesis is on the deductive side of the wheel Give an example of how theory could inform research: - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ Theories are weeded out through history. The good ones that help society stay while the others are forgotten. These good theories are ones that researches go back to when they have new questions or problems they want to solve. By using knowledge (or theories) that have already been established as a base will give researchers a place to jump from instead of starting from ground zero. There are 3 major parts of theories: - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ Assumptions: non-tested, foundations of a theory (beliefs that are taken for granted or believed to be true.) Concepts: the building blocks of a theory Propositions: how the concepts of a theory affect one another (The relationships between the concepts, the "glue" holding the theory together.) Positivism: - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ Truth is truth and will always be. For example, someone may really dislike gravity and try to defy it by jumping off a roof, but no matter how hard they try that truth (gravity) cannot be overcome or changed. What is NOT an assumption of the Family Developmental Theory - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ Successful families have several common character traits. Assumption of the Family Developmental Theory - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ Families undergo stages of development. Exchange theory stems from which paradigm? - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ positivistic When an individual is evaluating the profit available to them they may use either the Comparison Level of Comparison Level for Alternatives. Which of the answers below shows an example of Comparison Level? - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ John compares his marriage with his brother Allan's marriage to determine if he (John) has a good marriage (i.e. is profiting in his marriage) What is the difference between reward and a profit? - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ Reward is something tangible or intangible that is desired. It could be one time or something desired more frequently. Profit is what is left after you take the reward minus the costs. (Profit = Reward-Costs) Comparison level: - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ This is when you compare your situation (the profit=reward-cost) to the someone in a similar situation. Paradigms/ philosophies of science - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ Positivism: positive facts to discover, scientific method, laws of science, no emotional feelings Interpretive: truths are created," Context is important. "It depends on the situation." This theory does not focus on the facts, but how the facts are interpreted. Conflict/critical: There are the haves, and the have nots. Conflict exists over the scarce resources. Tenets of Positivism: - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ There are phenomena and processes that operate independently of human awareness of them. There are laws that govern at least some of the phenomena and processes. We can discover these laws through the scientific processes. Knowledge of these laws can help humans to predict and control some of the phenomena and processes. This type of prediction and control can help humans better meet their needs and desires. Tenets of Interpretive: - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ Natural science methods are not always appropriate for gaining insight into human interaction. Many human actions cannot be predicted or controlled. Attempts to manipulate and control others are not ethical. There is no single reality of life; knowledge is created by individuals living in a historical era. Gaining understanding or reflecting on meaning will serve as a catalyst for action. Tenets of Conflict/critical - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ In situations of inequality, those groups that control resources are likely to exploit those that lack resources. Exploitations may not be conscious calculation by those in control, but rather merely the pursuits of their own self interests. In the process they take advantage of those who lack resources. Those with resource, and thus the power, can impose their idea systems on those without resources. I.e., those without resources have an idea system imposed on them. Conflict allows for change, but conflict is not solvable. Wallace Wheel 6 different steps (or methods) - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ Theory Hypothesis Design Research Observation Generalizations Theories help us interpret phenomena in families How families are unique (and thus we need family theories to work with this unique animal) - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ It is uncommon that one theory will work for all families. Every family is unique and therefore some theories may work better for some than others. For example, although the Family Developmental Theory is amazing and full of great theories, it is based on the idea that every family will go through all 8 stages when in reality we know that there are plenty of families that do not make it that far. Critiques of Family Development Theory - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ Criticized as being only descriptive and not research generating. Failed to include family identity factors such as race, socioeconomic status, ethnicity and family structures. Duvall's eight-stage model was based on... A nuclear family An intact marriage throughout the life cycle of the family Was organized around the Oldest Child's developmental needs Critiques of Social Exchange Theory - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ The exchange theory is criticized for the way in which it assumes that people are looking out for their own interests. People also accuse the theory for being to biased towards masculinity. Too simplistic, does not account for wide rage of personalities Rewards and Cost are difficult to define Stages and Tasks in FDT - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ Married couple, Childbearing, Preschool age, School age, Teenage, Launching center, Middle aged parents, Aging family members Dynamics of families with teens - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ Balancing freedom with responsibility. Establishing post-parental interests and careers as growing parents. Individual development drives the stage. Rapid physical (sexual), cognitive, and psychosocial change. The establishment of a child's separate identity is needed; parents need to allow them to develop autonomy. Concerns for future arise (cost of college) Teens can share in more family responsibilities Parents can work longer hours with the help of teens and therefore make more money and avoid child-care costs. Open communication helps parents and adolescents to learn from each other and bridge generation gaps. Cycle of violence - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ 1. Building anger. (Tension building phase) 2. Violence. (Acute or crisis phase) 3. Honeymoon. (Calm phase) Important characteristics of the cycle Cycle goes faster each time. Violence gets more severe every time. Cycle is reinforced according to behavioral psychology principles. FDT Basic Assumptions - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ Just like individuals, families change over time, and these developmental processes are essential for understanding families. There are tasks associated with each stage of development. Institutional norms regulate family behavior. Development is reciprocal.