Final Exam (1) | PSYC 10300 - General Psychology, Quizzes of Psychology

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The Medical Model

proposes that it is useful to think of abnormal behavior as a disease. This point of view is the basis for many of the terms used to refer to abnormal psych: mental illness, psychological disorder, psychopathology TERM 2

Criteria of Abnormal Behavior

DEFINITION 2 deviance, maladaptive behavior, and personal distress TERM 3

Deviance

DEFINITION 3 behavior that deviates from what society considers acceptable. note: context of behaviors changes meaning (watering the lawn vs. watering the lawn in the rain) TERM 4

Maladaptive Behavior

DEFINITION 4 everyday adaptive behavior is impaired (seen a lot in drug addicts); aggression, passivity, self-inflected injury, substance abuse TERM 5

Personal

Distress

DEFINITION 5 the individual's report of distress (helpful for determining depression and anxiety disorders)

Anxiety Disorders

a class of disorders marked by feelings of excessive apprehension and anxiety. these people experience high levels of anxiety with disturbing regularity TERM 7

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

DEFINITION 7 marked by a chronic, high level of anxiety that is not tied to any specific threat. overall anxious feeling, not assigned to anything TERM 8

Phobic Disorder

DEFINITION 8 marked by a persistent and irrational fear of an object or situation that presents no realistic danger. many people troubled by phobias realize that their fears are irrational but still are unable to calm themselves when confronted by a phobic object/event. TERM 9

Panic Disorder

DEFINITION 9 (Buster Bluth) characterized by recurrent attacks of overwhelming anxiety that usually occur suddenly and unexpectedly. these attacks are paralyzing and are accompanied by the physical symptoms of anxiety. fear of exhibiting panic in public may result in agoraphobia which is the fear of going out to public places TERM 10

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

DEFINITION 10 obsessions are thoughts that repeatedly intrude on one's consciousness in a distressing way. compulsions are actions that one feels forced to carry out. this disorder is marked by persistent, uncontrollable intrusions of unwanted thoughts (obsessions) and urges to engage in senseless rituals (compulsions)

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

involves enduring a psychological disturbance attributed to the experience of a major traumatic event. common symptoms: re-experiencing the traumatic even in the form of nightmares and flashbacks, emotional numbing, alienation, problems in social relations, an increased sense of vulnerability, and elevated arousal, anxiety, anger, and guilt TERM 12

Psychosomatic Diseases

DEFINITION 12 have genuine physical ailments caused in part by psychological factors, especially emotionally distress TERM 13

Somatoform Disorders

DEFINITION 13 person has physical ailments that cannot be fully explained by organic conditions are are largely due to psychological factors TERM 14

Malingering

DEFINITION 14 deliberate faking of illness for personal gain TERM 15

Somatization Disorder

DEFINITION 15 marked by a history of diverse physical complaints that appear to be psychological in origin. report an endless succession of minor physical ailments that seem to wax and wane in response to the stress in their lives

Conversion Disorder

characterized by a significant loss of physical function (with no apparent organic basis), usually in a single organ system. common symptoms: partial or complete loss of vision, partial of complete loss of hearing, partial paralysis, severe laryngitis or mutism, and loss of feeling of function in limbs TERM 17

Hypochondriasis

DEFINITION 17 characterized by excessive preoccupation with one's health and incessant worry about developing physical illnesses. often skeptical and disbelieving of physicians who assure there is no real illness. don't subjectively suffer from physical distress so much as they overinterpret every conceivable sign of illness TERM 18

The Sick Role

DEFINITION 18 some people grow fond of the role associated with being sick. their complaints of physical symptoms may be reinforced by indirect benefits derived from their illness TERM 19

Dissociative Disorders

DEFINITION 19 class of disorder in which people lose contact with portions of their consciousness or memory, resulting in disruptions in their sense of identity TERM 20

Dissociative Amnesia

DEFINITION 20 a sudden lose of memory for important personal information that is too extensive to be due to normal forgetting

Dissociative

Fugue

people lose their memory for their entire lives along with their sense of personal identity, but remember matters unrelated to their identity, such as how to drive and how to do math TERM 22

Dissociative Identity Disorder

DEFINITION 22 involves the coexistence in one person of two or more largely complete, and usually very different personalities. each personality has his or her own name, memories, traits, and physical mannerisms. causes are obscure and clouded with doubt TERM 23

Mood Disorders

DEFINITION 23 a class of disorders marked by emotional disturbances of varied kinds that my spill over to disrupt physical, social, and thought processes. there are 2 basic types: bipolar and unipolar TERM 24

Bipolar Disorder

DEFINITION 24 experience emotional extremes at both ends of the mood continuum, going through period of depression and mania (excitement and elation) TERM 25

UniPolar Disorder

DEFINITION 25 experience emotional extremes at just one end of the mood continuum, as they are troubled only be periodic bouts of depression

Major Depressive Disorder

people show persistent feelings of sadness and despair and a loss of interest in previous sources of pleasure TERM 27

Schizophrenic Disorders

DEFINITION 27 a class of disorders marked by delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, and deterioration of adaptive behavior. general symptoms: delusions and irrational thought, deterioration of adaptive behavior, distorted perception and disturbed emotion TERM 28

Paranoid Type

DEFINITION 28 dominated by delusions of persecution, along with delusions of grandeur TERM 29

Catatonic Type

DEFINITION 29 marked by striking motor disturbance, ranging from muscular rigidity to random motor activity. some go into an extreme form of withdrawal known as a catatonic stupor. others go into catatonic excitement: they become hyperactive and incoherent TERM 30

Disorganized Type

DEFINITION 30 a particularly severe deterioration of adaptive behavior. emotional indifference, frequency incoherence, and virtually complete social withdrawal. aimless babbling and giggling are common. delusion often center on bodily functions

Undifferentiated Type

marked by idiosyncratic mixtures of schizophrenic symptoms TERM 32

Negative Symptoms

(schizophrenia)

DEFINITION 32 involve behavioral deficits, such as flattened emotions, social withdrawal, apathy, impaired attention, and poverty of speech TERM 33

Positive Symptoms

(schizophrenia)

DEFINITION 33 involve behavioral excesses of peculiarities, such as hallucinations, delusions, bizarre behavior, and wild flights of ideas TERM 34

Relativistic View

DEFINITION 34 the criteria of mental illness vary greatly across cultures and there are no universal standards of normality and abnormality. DSM reflects Western, white, urban, upper and middle class cultural orientation and has limited relevance in other cultural contexts TERM 35

Pancultural View

DEFINITION 35 criteria of mental illness are much the same around the world and that basic standards of normality and abnormality are universal across cultures