Final exam 6531 Questions And Answers Tested And Verified Solutions 100% Correct Answers, Exams of Nursing

Download Final exam 6531 Questions And Answers Tested And Verified Solutions 100% Correct Answers and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! A Trauma . B Tight shoes . C Arthritis flare . D Hydrochlorothiazi de • Question 1 1 out of 1 points A Metabolic syndrome . B Unilateral . pheochromocytoma C Cushing’s syndrome . D None of the above . • Question 2 1 out of 1 points • Question 3 1 out of 1 points Final exam 6531 Questions And Answers Tested And Verified Solutions 100% Correct Answers With Latest Updates 2023/2024 Central obesity, “moon” face, and dorsocervical fat pad are associated with: An elderly man is started on lisinopril and hydrochlorhiazide for hypertension. Three days later, he returns to the office complaining of left great toe pain. On exam, the nurse practitioner notes an edematous, erythematous tender left great toe. The likely precipitant of this patient’s pain is: The most effective treatment of non-infectious bursitis includes: Conservative treatment • Question 4 1 out of 1 points • Question 5 1 out of 1 points • Question 6 1 out of 1 points • Question 7 1 out of 1 points drugs (NSAIDs), bursal aspiration, and intrabursal steroid injections What conditions must be met for you to bill “incident to” the physician, receiving 100% reimbursement from Medicare? Selected Answer: The physician must be on-site and engaged in patient care Answers: You must initiate the plan of care for the patient The physician must be on-site and engaged in patient care You must be employed as an independent contractor You must be the main health care provider who sees the patient Which of the following is not a risk factor associated with the development of syndrome X and type 2 diabetes mellitus? The metabolic syndrome refers to the co-occurrence of several known cardiovascular risk factors, including insulin resistance, obesity, atherogenic dyslipidemia and hypertension. Which of the following is not a common early sign of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)? A. Nocturia B. Urgency incontinence C. Strong urinary stream flow D. Straining to void Steve, age 69, has gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). When teaching him how to includes rest, cold and heat treatments, elevation, administration of nonsteroidal • Question 21 • Question 16 1 out of 1 points • Question 17 1 out of 1 points • Question 18 1 out of 1 points • Question 19 1 out of 1 points • Question 20 1 out of 1 points The best test to determine microalbuminuria to assist in the diagnosis of diabetic neuropathy s to measure albumin in a spot urine sample, collected either as the first urine in the morning or at random, for example, at the medical visit. This method is accurate,:Early morning What is the first symptom seen in the majority of patients with Parkinson’s disease? Tremor at rest The most commonly recommended method for prostate cancer screening in a 55 year old male is: digital rectal exams, Martin, age 24, presents with an erythematous ear canal, pain, and a recent history of swimming. What do you suspect? Otitis externa/ swimmer’s ear Which of the following symptoms suggests a more serious cause of back pain? Pain associated with lying down at night A patient taking levothyroxine is being over-replaced. What condition is he at risk for? osteoporosis A Lumbar disc disease . B Spinal stenosis . C Traumatic fracture . D OsteoporosisA Arthritis . B Ulnar neuritis . C Septic arthritis . D Olecranon bursitis • Question 22 1 out of 1 points • Question 23 1 out of 1 points Which of the following is the most common cause of low back pain? Which is the most common cause of end-stage renal disease in the United States? Diabetes A 77-year-old female presents to the office complaining a sudden swelling on her right elbow. She denies fever, chills, trauma, or pain. The physical exam reveals a non-tender area of swelling over the extensor surface over the right elbow with evidence of trauma or irritation. The nurse practitioner suspects: 1 out of 1 points • Question 29 • Question 24 1 out of 1 points • Question 25 1 out of 1 points • Question 27 1 out of 1 points • Question 28 1 out of 1 points A 60 year old female patient complains of sudden onset unilateral, stabbing, surface pain in the lower part of her face lasting a few minutes, subsiding, and then returning. The pain is triggered by touch or temperature extremes. Physical examination is normal. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis? A. fibromyligia or neuro something Beth, age 49, comes in with low back pain. An x-ray of the lumbosacral spine is within normal limits. Which of the following diagnoses do you explore further? Arthritis, C • Question 26 1 out of 1 points A patient exhibits extrapyramidal side effects of antipsychotic medications. Which of the following symptoms would lead you to look for another diagnosis? high fever (102 to 104 degrees F), irregular pulse, accelerated heartbeat (tachycardia), increased rate of respiration (tachypnea), muscle rigidity, altered mental status, autonomic nervous system dysfunction resulting in high or low blood pressure, profuse perspiration, and excessive sweating. called Malignant Hyperthermia” OR Neuroleptic malignant syndrome hallucinations. Phalen’s test, 90°wrist flexion for 60 seconds, reproduces symptoms of: carpal tunnel syndrome The most common cause of elevated liver function tests is: alcohol • Question 35 1 out of 1 points • Question 36 1 out of 1 points • Question 37 1 out of 1 points A Weight gain . B Fracture risk . C Hypoglycem . ia D Weight loss . A 20 year old male patient complains of “scrotal swelling.” He states his scrotum feels heavy, but denies pain. On examination, the nurse practitioner notes transillumination of the scrotum. What is the most likely diagnosis? hydrocele A 32 year old male patient complains of urinary frequency and burning on urination for 3 days. Urinalysis reveals bacteriuria. He denies any past history of urinary tract infection. The initial treatment should be: nclude nitrofurantoin monohydrate/macrocrystals, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX), or fosfomycin. trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole Diagnostic radiological studies are indicated for low back pain: Diagnostic imaging is indicated for patients with low back pain only if they have severe progressive neurologic deficits or signs or symptoms that suggest a serious or specific underlying condition. In other patients, evidence indicates that routine imaging is not associated with clinically meaningful benefits but can lead to harms. An 81-year-old female is diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. When considering drug therapy for this patient, the nurse practitioner is most concerned with which of the following side effects? is an asymptomatic thyroid mass or a nodule that can be felt • Question 38 1 out of 1 points • Question 39 1 out of 1 points • Question 40 1 out of 1 points • Question 41 1 out of 1 points • Question 42 1 out of 1 points women with a family history of Duchenne or Becker MD may be carriers. The diagnosis of human papilloma virus (HPV) infection in males is usually made by: The diagnosis of HPV in men is made when external genital warts are seen. The diagnosis of genital warts is made by examination of the lesions Which history is commonly found in a patient with glomerulonephritis? upper respiratory tract infection or a skin infection that was caused by those bacteria A patient complains of generalized joint pain and stiffness associated with activity and relieved with rest. This patient history is consistent with which of the following disorders? Osteoarthritis The most common presentation of thyroid cancer is: The obligatory criteria for diagnosis of muscular dystrophy (MD) are: Genetic testing to evaluate missing or repeated mutations in the dystrophin gene. A lack of the dystrophin gene can lead to a diagnosis of Duchenne or Becker MD. The test is important not only to confirm the MD diagnosis in males but also to determine hether The case for genetic diagnosis. Accurate diagnosis of the muscular dystrophies is important for patients, their families, and efficient and cost-effective use of medical resources. • Question 43 1 out of 1 points • Question 44 1 out of 1 points • Question 45 1 out of 1 points • Question 46 1 out of 1 points • Question 47 1 out of 1 points (EEG.) The diagnosis which must be considered in a patient who presents with a severe headache of sudden onset, with neck stiffness and fever, is: viral meningitis A 60 year old male patient with multiple health problems presents with a complaint of erectile dysfunction (ED). Of the following, which medication is most likely to be causing the problem? Hypertensive medication such as hydrochlorothiazides, and other DM2 medications A 72 year old patient exhibits sudden onset of fluctuating restlessness, agitation, confusion, and impaired attention. This is accompanied by visual hallucinations and sleep disturbance. What is the most likely cause of this behavior? A. Dementia B. Delirium C. Parkinson's disease D. Depression Which of the following set of symptoms should raise suspicion of a brain tumor? Holocranial headaches present in the morning and accompanied by projectile vomiting without nausea • Question 56 1 out of 1 points • Question 57 1 out of 1 points • Question 58 1 out of 1 points • Question 59 1 out of 1 points • Question 60 1 out of 1 points prepatellar bursitis? Jack, age 55, comes to the office with a blood pressure of 144/98 mm Hg. He states that he did not know if it was ever elevated before. When you retake his blood pressure at the end of the exam, it remains at 144/98. What should your next action be? Answer: stage 2 hypertension (lifestyle change, and medication Martin is complaining of erectile dysfunction. He also has a condition that has reduced arterial blood flow to his penis. The most common cause of this condition is: diabetes mellitus Successful management of a patient with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may be achieved with: Ritalin and diet What diabetic complications result from hyperglycemia? Retinopathy Hypertension resistant to treatment 3. Peripheral neuropathy 4. Accelerated atherogenesis In which of the following presentations is further diagnostic testing not warranted? 1. 2. • Question 61 1 out of 1 points • Question 62 1 out of 1 points • Question 63 1 out of 1 points A Chlamydia . trachomatis B Ureaplasma . urealyticum C Mycoplasma . hominis D Trichonomas . vaginalis • Question 64 1 out of 1 points The most common symptoms of transient ischemic attack (TIA) include: Common symptoms are sudden and transient, and include unilateral paresis, speech disturbance, and monocular blindness. clinical symptoms typically lasting less than one hour, and without evidence of infarction on Establishment of a definitive diagnosis of osteomyelitis requires: Bone biopsy leads to a definitive diagnosis . Which of the following is the most common causative organism of nongonococcal urethritis? A 30 year old female patient presents to the clinic with heat intolerance, tremors, nervousness, and weight loss inconsistent with increased appetite. Which test would be imag • Question 65 1 out of 1 points • Question 66 1 out of 1 points • Question 67 1 out of 1 points A Klebsiella . B Neiserria . gonorrhoaes C Chlamydia . trachomatis D Escherichia coli . • Question 68 1 out of 1 points most likely to confirm the suspected diagnosis? TSH. We also assess free thyroid hormone (FT4) and at times T3 Potential causes of hypocalcemia include which of the following? Hypoalbuminemia is the most common cause of hypocalcemia. Causes include cirrhosis, nephrosis . hypoparathyroidism, vitamin D deficiency, and renal disease. Which of the following is a contraindication for metformin therapy? hypersensitity metabolic acidiosis, dehydration, sepsis, hypoxemia, hepatic impairment, renal dysfunction The organism most often associated with prostatitis is: The most effective intervention(s) to prevent stroke is (are): 1 out of 1 points How do you respond when Jessica, age 42, asks you what constitutes a good minimum cardiovascular workout? 20 3x per week • Question 77 1 out of 1 points The intervention known to be most effective in the treatment of severe depression, with or without psychosis, is: electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). • Question 78 1 out of 1 points Which of the following accounts for half of the bladder tumors among men and one- third in women? Cigarette smoke, both active and passive inhalation • Question 79 1 out of 1 points A 21-year-old female presents to the office complaining of urinary frequency and urinary burning. The nurse practitioner suspects a urinary tract infection when the urinalysis reveals Answer: 10WBC/HPF • Question 80 1 out of 1 points The initial clinical sign of Dupuytren’s contracture is: Answer: Painless nodule on palmer fascia • Question 81 1 out of 1 points A nurse practitioner diagnoses a 60 year old male with balanitis. Which disease is commonly associated with balanitis? ( • Question 82 Josh, age 22, is a stock boy and has an acute episode of low back pain. You order and NSAID and tell him which of the following? Begin lower back strengthening exercises depending on pain tolerance. • Question 83 1 out of 1 points A 72 year old female patient reports a 6 month history of gradually progressive swollen and painful distal interphalangeal (DIP) joints of one hand. She has no systemic symptoms but the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), antinuclear antibody (ANA), and rheumatoid factor (RF) are all minimally elevated. What is the most likely diagnosis? Osteoarthritis See a podiatrist yearly; wash your feet daily with warm, soapy water and towel dry between the toes; inspect your feet daily for any lesions; and apply lotion to any dry areas. • Question 91 1 out of 1 points Potential causes of septic arthritis include which of the following? Lyme disease and prosthetic joint infection • Question 92 1 out of 1 points Which of the following is the best response to a woman who has just admitted she is a victim of spousal abuse? "I am concerned about your safety." • Question 93 1 out of 1 points A patient has been diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Which of the following medications may be used to treat generalized anxiety disorder? benzodiazepines include Xanax, Librium, Valium, and Ativan • Question 94 1 out of 1 points Sam, age 67, is a diabetic with worsening renal function. He has frequent hypoglycemic episodes, which he believes means that his diabetes is getting “better.” How do you respond? Because your kidneys are not functioning well, your insuling is not being metabolized and excreted as it should, so you need less of it • Question 95 1 out of 1 points A 35 year old male presents with a complaint of low pelvic pain, dysuria, hesitancy, urgency, and reduced force of stream. The nurse practitioner suspects acute bacterial prostatitis. Which of the following specimens would be least helpful for diagnosis? Midstream urine specimens for culture and sensitivity CBC and differential Blood urea nitrogen Creatinine • Question 96 1 out of 1 points A patient has just been diagnosed with Bell’s palsy. He is understandably upset and has questions about the prognosis. You response should be: the condition is self-limiting, and most likely complete recovery will occur • Question 97 1 out of 1 points What is the first step in the treatment of uric acid kidney stones? Encouraging hydration • Question 98 1 out of 1 points Urine cultures should be obtained for which of the following patients? All of the above All of the above (pregnant females, males, and febrile patients) • Question 99 1 out of 1 points A patient has been diagnosed with hypothyroidism and thyroid hormone replacement therapy is prescribed. How long should the nurse practitioner wait before checking the patient’s TSH? Answer: 6 – 8 weeks • Question 100 1 out of 1 points Which of the following patients most warrants screening for hypothyroidism? An elderly female with recent onset of mental dysfunction • Question 101 1 out of 1 points 1 out of 1 points Which of the following medications increase the risk for metabolic syndrome? Answer: antihistamines and proton pump inhibitors, diuretics, beta-blockers • Question 110 1 out of 1 points A 27 year old female patient with epilepsy is well controlled with phenytoin (Dilantin). She requests information about contraception. The nurse practitioner should instruct her that while taking phenytoin: the effective of an oral contraceptive may be reduced • Question 111 1 out of 1 points Risk factors for prostate cancer include all of the following except: BPH • Question 112 1 out of 1 points Maria, age 17, was raped when she was 13 year old. She is now experiencing sleeping problems, flashbacks, and depression. What is your initial diagnosis? Post-traumatic stress disorder • 111 1 out of 1 points • 1 out of 1 points • 112 1 out of 1 points • 113 1 out of 1 points • 114 0 out of 1 points • 115 1 out of 1 points Diabetes screening recommendations for asymptomatic adults age 45 and over include which of the following: (HbA1C and 2-hour 75gram oral glucose tolerance test) A child with type 1 diabetes mellitus has experienced excessive hunger, weight gain and increasing hyperglycemia. The Somogyi effect is suspected. What steps should be taken to diagnose and treat this condition? -------------------------------------------- Potential side effects of levofloxacin include which of the following? Confusion, Hypoglycemia, Achilles tendon rupture, All of the above. Which of the following is the most common complication of the myelodysplastic syndromes? Bleeding Which of the following is characteristic of a manic episode? Grandiosity or grandiose delusions Which of the following characteristics are associated with prepatellar bursitis? Repetitive knee trauma 1 out of 1 points • 116 1 out of 1 points • 117 1 out of 1 points • 118 1 out of 1 points • 119 1 out of 1 points • 120 1 out of 1 points A middle-aged female presents complaining of recent weight loss. The physical exam reveals an enlarged painless cervical lymph node. The differential diagnosis for this patient’s problem includes: Answer: infection What is the most common cause of Cushing’s syndrome? the long-term, high-dose use of the cortisol-like glucocorticoids A diabetic patient is taking low-dose enalapril for hypertension. A record of the patient’s blood pressure over 4 weeks ranges from 130 to 142 mmHg systolic and 75 to 85 mmHg diastolic. How should the nurse practitioner respond? Answer: Current guidelines recommend lowering BP to <135/80 mmHg Your patient has an elevated mean cell volume (MCV). What should you be considering in terms of diagnosis? Anemia (pernicious or folic acid anemia) macrocytic Liver disease What information should patients with diabetes and their families receive about • 130 1 out of 1 points • 131 0 out of 1 points • 132 1 out of 1 points • 133 0 out of 1 points Which of the following is the most common causative organism of nongonococcal urethritis? Chlamydia trachomatis A 65 year old patient complains of recurrent bilateral temporal headaches, malaise, muscle aches, and low grade fever. The headache is described as superficial tenderness rather than deep pain. Giant cell arteritis is suspected. Appropriate treatment is: refer for temporal artery biopsy and initiation of oral prednisone The most reliable diagnostic indicator of gout is: Elevated serum uric acid levels • 134 1 out of 1 points • 135 1 out of 1 points • 136 1 out of 1 points • 137 1 out of 1 points A patient with HIV infection has a fever of unknown origin (FUO). Which of the following is a possible cause of FUO in a patient with HIV? drug fever After treating a patient for Helicobacter pylori infection, what test do you order to see if it has been cured? A urea breath test Which of the following physical modalities recommended for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis provides the most effective long term pain relief? Your physical therapist may use modalities, such as gentle heat and electrical stimulation to help manage your RA symptoms. Other than smoking cessation, which of the following slows the progression of COPD in smokers? oxygen What intervention does the American College of Rheumatology recommend as first line therapy for osteoarthritis? Acetaminophen should be used as first-line therapy for mild osteoarthritis. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are superior to acetaminophen for treating moderate to severe osteoarthritis • 138 1 out of 1 points • 139 0 out of 1 points The best test to determine microalbuminuria to assist in the diagnosis of diabetic neuropathy: Answer: measure albumin (microalbuminuria A 26 year old female presents with elbow pain that is described as aching and burning. There is point tenderness along the lateral aspect of the elbow and painful passive flexion and extension. She reports she has been playing tennis almost daily for the past month. The most likely diagnosis is: lateral epicondylitis (tennis elbow)