Final Exam ACLS 2024/2025 100% VERIFIED CORRECT ANSWERS, Exams of Nursing

Download Final Exam ACLS 2024/2025 100% VERIFIED CORRECT ANSWERS and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! Final Exam ACLS 2024/2025 100% VERIFIED CORRECT ANSWERS A patient experiences cardiac arrest, and the resuscitation team initiates ventilations using a bag- valve-mask (BVM) resuscitator. The development of which condition during the provision of care would lead the team to suspect that improper BVM technique is being used? Select the correct answer to this question. Rib fracture Esophageal injury Pneumothorax Hypertension Pneumothorax 1 A member of the resuscitation team is preparing to administer medications intravenously to a patient in cardiac arrest. The team member follows each medication administration with a bolus of fluid. How much would the team member give? Select the correct answer to this question. 5 to 10 mL 10 to 20 mL 20 to 30 mL 30 to 40 mL When administering medications during a cardiac arrest, all medications administrated through the IV or intraosseous infusion route should be followed by a 10- to 20-mL fluid bolus. The resuscitation team suspects that hyperkalemia is the cause of cardiac arrest in a patient brought to the emergency department. Which finding on a 12-lead ECG would confirm this suspicion? Wide-complex ventricular rhythm and tall, peaked T waves ST-segment changes, T-wave inversion Flat T waves, prominent U waves and possibly prolonged QT intervals Narrow-complex ventricular tachycardia Wide-complex ventricular rhythm and tall, peaked T waves In hyperkalemia the patient's 12-lead ECG rhythm strip will show wide-complex ventricular rhythm and tall, peaked T waves. A patient with an ischemic stroke arrives at the emergency department at 2 a.m. The patient's symptoms started about 12:30 a.m. After completing the necessary assessments, the healthcare team diagnoses an ischemic stroke, and the patient is determined to be a candidate for fibrinolytic therapy. To achieve the best outcomes, the team should initiate therapy for this patient no later than by which time? Select the correct answer to this question. 3:00 a.m. 5:30 a.m. 6:00 a.m. 8:30 a.m. 1 3:00 a.m. A resuscitation team is debriefing following a recent event. A patient experienced cardiac arrest, and advanced cardiac life support was initiated. The patient required the placement of an advanced airway to maintain airway patency. Which statement indicates that the team performed high-quality CPR? Select the correct answer to this question. "We kept the rate of chest compressions to around 100 per minute but adjusted their depth to 1.5 inches while giving 1 ventilation every 3 seconds." "We delivered chest compressions at a rate of 80 to 100 per minute to a depth of at least 2 inches and gave 1 ventilation every 6 seconds." Ventricular fibrillation Atrial flutter Atrial flutter A patient is experiencing respiratory distress secondary to an exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The patient begins to exhibit signs and symptoms of worsening respiratory function and experiences respiratory arrest. The team intervenes, delivering ventilations via BVM resuscitator. The team would deliver 1 ventilation at which interval? Every 3 to 4 seconds Every 5 to 6 seconds Every 7 to 8 seconds Every 8 to 9 seconds The team would deliver 1 ventilation every 5 to 6 seconds. Each ventilation should last about 1 second and make the chest begin to rise. Assessment of a patient in the emergency department reveals that the patient is experiencing respiratory compromise. From the assessment, the team identifies that the patient is in the earliest stage of this condition. Which stage would this be? Select the correct answer to this question. Respiratory distress Respiratory arrest Respiratory acidosis Respiratory failure Respiratory distress Respiratory compromise occurs along a continuum, beginning with respiratory distress, progressing to respiratory failure and then to respiratory arrest After cardiac arrest and successful resuscitation, the patient has a return of spontaneous circulation. The patient is unable to follow verbal commands. Targeted temperature management is initiated. Which method(s) would be appropriate for the resuscitation team to use? Giving an ice-cold IV fluid bolus Applying cooling blankets to the patient's body Administering cool-mist oxygen therapy Applying a cool compress to the patient's forehead Using an endovascular catheter Giving an ice-cold IV fluid bolus Applying cooling blankets to the patient's body Using an endovascular catheter A patient has experienced return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) after cardiac arrest. The healthcare team is conducting a secondary assessment to determine the possible cause of the patient's cardiac arrest. The history reveals that before the arrest, the patient exhibited jugular venous distension, cyanosis, apnea and hyperresonance on percussion. The patient was also difficult to ventilate during the response. The team would most likely suspect which condition as the cause? Select the correct answer to this question. Tension pneumothorax Cardiac tamponade Acidosis Hypothermia Tension pneumothorax Prearrest signs of tension pneumothorax in the advanced stage include jugular venous distension, cyanosis, apnea and hyperresonance on percussion. Difficulty ventilating the patient may also be a sign of tension pneumothorax. A 40-year-old patient in the waiting room of the primary care provider's office approaches a staff member and says, "I'm having really severe, crushing chest pain that is moving to both my arms." The patient is diaphoretic and dyspneic. Which action would be appropriate for the staff member to take? Activate the emergency medical services system. Take the patient to an exam room immediately. Give the patient an aspirin. Obtain a 12-lead ECG. Activate the emergency medical services system. A patient with dyspnea and a change in mental status arrives at the emergency department. The healthcare team completes the necessary assessments and begins to care for the patient, including initiating cardiac monitoring and pulse oximetry; providing supplemental oxygen and ensuring adequate ventilation; and obtaining vascular access. The team reviews the patient's ECG rhythm strip, as shown in the following figure. Which agent would the team most likely administer? Amiodarone 150 mg over 10 minutes Atropine 0.5 mg every 3 to 5 minutes Dopamine 5 to 10 mcg/min Epinephrine 2 to 10 mcg/min Atropine 0.5 mg every 3 to 5 minutes A patient is brought to the emergency department by their spouse. The spouse says, "I think it's a stroke." The stroke team assesses the patient using the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS). Which area(s) would the team include in this assessment? Select all correct options that apply. Facial palsy Level of consciousness Language deficits Visual function Cranial nerve function Level of consciousness Language deficits Visual function A patient is brought into the emergency department with a suspected opioid overdose. The patient is in cardiac arrest. Which action would be the team's priority? Select the correct answer to this question. Transcutaneous pacing Synchronized cardioversion Epinephrine or dopamine infusio Transcutaneous pacing A patient is brought into the emergency department. The patient does not have a pulse. The cardiac monitor shows the following rhythm. The team interprets this as which condition? ventricular tachycardia A patient with suspected acute coronary syndromes (ACS) is placed on a cardiac monitor. The patient is complaining of dyspnea and is given supplemental oxygen. The provider determines that the supplemental oxygen dose is correct based on which SaO2 level? Select the correct answer to this question. 87% 91% 93% 95% 95% A healthcare provider is establishing cardiac monitoring using a five-electrode system. The healthcare provider demonstrates proper use of the system by placing the green electrode in which location? Select the correct answer to this question. At the fourth intercostal space, right sternal border On the lower right abdomen On the lower left abdomen Under the left clavicle, at the midclavicular line On the lower right abdomen A patient with acute renal failure experiences cardiac arrest. Just before the cardiac arrest, the patient's ECG showed peaked T waves. What might be causing the patient's cardiac arrest? Select the correct answer to this question. Acidosis Hyperkalemia Hypoxia Hypothermia Hyperkalemia Suspect hyperkalemia in all patients with acute or chronic renal failure who exhibit a wide-complex ventricular rhythm or tall, peaked T waves on an ECG before cardiac arrest. The ECG rhythm strip of a patient who arrived in the emergency department complaining of dizziness, syncope and shortness of breath reveals sinus bradycardia. When reviewing the patient's medication history, the healthcare provider identifies which agent(s) as a potential cause of the patient's current condition? Select all correct options that apply. Quinapril Verapamil Digoxin Metoprolol Losartan Verapamil Digoxin Metoprolol Medications associated with causing sinus bradycardia include β-blockers such as metoprolol and calcium channel blockers such as verapamil and digoxin. A patient with STEMI is experiencing chest pain that is refractory to sublingual nitroglycerin. Intravenous nitroglycerin is prescribed. When administering this medication, it would be titrated to maintain which systolic blood pressure? Select the correct answer to this question. 60 mmHg 70 mmHg 80 mmHg 90 mmHg 90 mmHg In patients with STEMI, IV nitroglycerin may be used when chest pain or discomfort is recurrent or refractory to nitroglycerin administered sublingually or by spray. The IV nitroglycerin should be titrated to maintain a systolic blood pressure of 90 mmHg or more. Cardiac monitoring indicates that a patient has a ventricular tachyarrhythmia. The patient has a pulse and is not showing any signs of hemodynamic compromise. A 12-lead ECG reveals an irregular rhythm with QRS complexes greater than 0.12 second in duration. Which action would be appropriate at this time? Select the correct answer to this question. Synchronized cardioversion Atropine Defibrillation Consider an antiarrhythmic infusion and expert consultation Consider an antiarrhythmic infusion and expert consultation A patient experiencing STEMI comes to the emergency department of a large medical center at 9:30 p.m. The patient states that the symptoms started about 8 p.m. After confirming the diagnosis and initiating care, the healthcare team schedules the patient for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The facility is capable of administering PCI. To achieve the best outcomes, therapy should be administered to this patient by which time? Select the correct answer to this question. 11:00 p.m. 12:00 a.m. 1:00 a.m. 1:30 a.m. 11:00 p.m. "I've had a history of heart disease for the past 3 years." "I've been vomiting for the past 2 days from a gastrointestinal bug." "I've had a terrible cold with a horrible cough and fever the past week." "I've been so anxious lately because I just lost my job." "I've been vomiting for the past 2 days from a gastrointestinal bug." A patient presents to the emergency department with suspected ACS. Electrocardiogram and cardiac biomarkers show the patient has ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Physical examination reveals signs of left ventricular dysfunction. Which finding(s) would support this? Select all correct options that apply. Weak peripheral pulses Chest pain Cool, clammy skin Crackles Hypotension Weak peripheral pulses Hypotension Crackles A 20-year-old man with respiratory depression is brought to the emergency department by his parents. The parents state that "[They] found him at home with various needles and syringes around him, but [they] have no idea what he took." Opioid overdose is suspected, and an initial dose of naloxone is administered at 10 p.m. The patient does not respond to this initial dose. The team would expect to administer a second dose after how many minutes? Select the correct answer to this question. 2 minutes 4 minutes 6 minutes 8 minutes 4 minutes A person suddenly collapses while sitting in the sunroom of a healthcare facility. A healthcare provider observes the event and hurries over to assess the situation. The healthcare provider performs which assessment first? Select the correct answer to this question. Rapid assessment Secondary assessment Primary assessment Basic life support assessment Rapid assessment The stroke team is assessing a patient with a suspected stroke. The patient is alert and able to carry on a conversation, although the patient has difficulty getting the words out. Testing confirms that the patient has had an ischemic stroke. Based on the patient's medical history, a history of which arrhythmia would alert the team to the patient's increased risk for stroke? Select the correct answer to this question. Ventricular fibrillation Atrial fibrillation Atrial tachycardia Bradycardia atrial fibrillation An ECG strip of a patient in the emergency department reveals the following rhythm. Which feature would the healthcare provider interpret as indicating atrial fibrillation? Narrow QRS complex with PP interval constant or slightly irregular Presence of wide QRS complexes that are bizarrely and consistently shaped Presence of flutter waves and sawtooth patterns Absence of discrete P waves and presence of irregularly irregular QRS complexes Absence of discrete P waves and presence of irregularly irregular QRS complexes A 35-year-old female patient's ECG is consistent with STEMI. The ECG reveals a new ST-segment elevation at the J point in leads V2 and V3 of at least which size? Select the correct answer to this question. 0.10 mV 0.15 mV 0.2 mV 0.25 mV 0.15 mV A patient presents to the emergency department with mild to moderate recurrent chest pain, without any nausea or vomiting. A 12-lead ECG is obtained and shows ST-segment depression with transient T-wave elevation indicative of NSTE-ACS. Cardiac serum markers are obtained and are not elevated. The patient's risk-stratification score indicates low risk. These findings suggest which condition? Select the correct answer to this question. Non-STEMI Myocardial infarction STEMI Unstable angina Unstable angina The following capnogram is from a patient experiencing respiratory distress. At which point in the waveform would the patient's ETCO2 level be measured? D A patient's capnogram reveals the following waveform. Which segment would the healthcare provider interpret as reflecting the beginning of exhalation? A-B Cardiac monitoring of a patient in cardiac arrest reveals ventricular fibrillation. What intervention would the team perform next?