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Concepts of Practical Nursing in the Care of Elderly
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Question: Fatigue Answer: Subjective Measurement Question: If someone is having trouble sleeping, what intervention could we use? Answer: Encourage pt to go outside, because sunlight helps with melatonin levels Question: What is a intervention for a older adult who is having trouble sleeping because of a constant need to go to the bathroom Answer: Wear depends (adult diapers)
Question: A newley admitted patient is having multiple problems. What symptom do you report first? Answer: Breathing Question: What is a primary sexual right? Answer: 2 consenting adults Question: To be effective communicators, nurses must... Answer: Develop awareness of their own values and beliefs and the way they influence their perception of patients' experiences Question: Cultural Competence Answer: A set of behaviors that includes understanding the impact of cultural values and beliefs on human experiences, while maintaining awareness of own cultural values and their effect on the perception of self and others.
Decreases in melatonin (which regulates the sleep-wake cycle) and growth hormone (which promotes sleep) lead to a shift in circadian rhythm Question: Does sleep efficiency increase with age? Answer: No, sleep efficiency decreases, older adults may complain that they do not feel refreshed after sleep. Question: Does the risk for sleep disorders increase with age? Answer: Yes Question: Nocturnal Movement Disorders Answer: Restless leg syndrome, which is an irresistible urge to move the lower extremities, or nocturnal myoclonus, which causes sudden repetitive jerking or kicking movements of the lower extremities. Question:
What is the most effective nonpharmacological therepy for insomnia? Answer: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Question: What do you teach a UAP who is feeding a patient with trouble swalowing? Answer: Feed them slow, with frequent rest breaks. Question: Lak of tendon reflexes/ deep muscle reflexes is a sign of what? (flaccid) Answer: Hypercalcemia Question: What are the normal calcium levels? Answer: 8.5 to 10 Question: Water Soluble Vitamins
Question: If someone is complaining of fatigue, what are some interventions we can tell our patient? Answer: To rest and exercise. Question: What is the Valsalva Maneuever? Answer: Breathing through the mouth during exercise. Question: What is the main cause of stress? Answer: Change Question: What are external physical threats? Answer: Extreme heat or cold, noise, physical trauma
Question: What are internal or psychological threats? Answer: Thoughts and feelings Question: What are external social threats? Answer: Job pressure or changeable social relationships Question: Can stress be benificual? Answer: Yes, some stress is normal and necessary. Individual are able to pay attention to detail, to learn and to solve problems Question: Signs someone is experiencing high stress. Answer: Individuals are more likely to complain of fatigue, tension and anxiety. They may appear distracted, irritable, short-tempered, even angry.
Question: If someone is overcoming any kind of surgery, what is important? Answer: A diet high in protein Question: Is strenuous exercise good for the elderly? Answer: No Question: What does a physical therapist assess for? Answer: Gait, pain and ROM Question: If you have a patient who is bed bound what should you do? Answer: ROM, isometric exercises
Question: What is a good exercise for a patient who have osteoporosis? Answer: Wight bearing exercise Question: If someone is in pain and you are trying to do something to improve the pain, what can you do? Answer: Find something that improves the pain by ASKING them Question: Orthostatic Hypotension Answer: When a person stands up, blood pressure drops, person could faint Question: What are interventions for orthostatic hypotension? Answer: Have patient stand up slowly, let patient sit on the side of the bed and dangle feet.
Question: Why is the older adult at a increased risk for developing hypothermia? Answer: Normal changes in aging affect the body's ability to regulate temperature. Changes in the skin reduce the older person's ability to perceive dangerously hot or cold environments. Decreased muscle tissue, decreased fat and decreased metabolic rate affect the amount of heat produced and retained in the body Question: What disease processes decrease heat production? Answer: Hypothyroidism, hypoglycemia, and malnutrition Question: What medications that decrease enviromental awareness to extreme temperatures.... Answer: Barbiturates, tranquilizers, and antidepressants can increase risk of hypothermia. Question: Can alchohol increase the risk of hypothermia? If so, how? Answer:
It decreases environmental awareness and, at the same time, increases vasodilation with resulting in heat loss. Question: What is one of the first signs of hypothermia? Answer: Mental confusion Question: Does pulse and respiratory rate increase or decrease with hypothermia? Answer: Decrease, slow down Question: How may the face appear in hypothermia? Answer: Swollen Question: Are heating pads, blankets a good intervention for a patent who has hypothermia?
Answer: Aphasia (or dysphasia) Question: What is a excellent resource for information about speech and swallowing disorders? Answer: Speech pathologists Question: Dysphagia Answer: Difficulty swallowing Question: Receptive Aphasia Answer: A person has difficulty understanding language Question: Exspressive Aphasia
Answer: A person is unable to express himself or herself using language Question: Global Aphasia Answer: A person loses the ability both to understand language and to express himself or herself. Question: Broca Aphasia Answer: A person is able to understand verbal and written language but is unable to speak words fluently. The area of the brain that coordinates muscles of speech is damaged. Question: Wernicke Aphasia Answer: the person is able to speak, but the words produced may be nonsensical or have little connection to reality.
How can you help someone who is trying to overcome stress? Answer: IDENTIFY problem and take steps to improve that problem Question: Arthritis Answer: Inflammation of the joints Question: Rheumatoid Arthritis Answer: Chronic inflammation of the synovial membrane of the diarthrodial joints (also called the synovial joints: the freely moveable joints in which continuous bony surfaces are covered by cartilage and connected by ligaments lined with synovial membrane. Question: Osteoarthritis Answer: A nonsystemic, noninflammatory disorder that progressively causes bones and joints to degenerate.
Question: Osteoporosis Answer: Disorder that results in a loss of bone density Question: What disorder can cause a person to "shrink" or lose height? Answer: Osteoporosis Question: What do we always monitor for in a patient who has been on anesthesia? Answer: Pneumonia Question: What organization establishes safety goals? Answer: The Joint Commission
