final exam, part 1 | PSYCH 1000 - General Psychology, Quizzes of Psychology

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thought causes of psychological disorders

movements of sun or moon evil spirits, demons, witchcraft religion TERM 2

ancient treatments of psychological disorders

DEFINITION 2 exorcism thrown in cages (like animals) beaten burned castrated mutilated blood replaced with animals blood TERM 3

psychological disorder

DEFINITION 3 a conditions in which behavior is judged TERM 4

atypical psychological disorder

DEFINITION 4 deviates from what is acceptable TERM 5

disturbing psychological disorder

DEFINITION 5 the disorder varies with time and culture

unjustifiable psychological disorder

the subject does something for no good reason TERM 7

maladaptive psychological disorder

DEFINITION 7 is harmful, distressing, interferes with effective functioning. TERM 8

anxiety disorders

DEFINITION 8 disorders characcterized by distressing, persistant anxiety or maladaptive behaviors that reduce anxiety. TERM 9

generalized anxiety

disorder

DEFINITION 9 unexplainably and continually tense and anxious TERM 10

panic disorder

DEFINITION 10 intense fear that something horrible is about to happen (lasts several minutes)

phobia

persistant, irrational fear and avoidance of a specific object or situation TERM 12

obsessive-compulsive disorder

DEFINITION 12 unwanted repetative thoughts (obsessions) and/or actions (compulsions) TERM 13

somatoform disorders

DEFINITION 13 physical health problems that have psychological rather than physical causes. (often patients aren't that upset by condition because disorder provides psychological advantages) TERM 14

four kinds of somatoform disorders

DEFINITION 14 somatization disorders hypcholdriasis somatoform pain disorders coversion disorder TERM 15

somatization disorders

DEFINITION 15 chronic pains, aches, tiredness dangerous measures to seek relief

hypchondriasis

milder form preoccupation with health TERM 17

somatoform pain disorders

DEFINITION 17 similar, but pain is primary symptom TERM 18

conversion disorders

DEFINITION 18 blindness, deafness, paralysis, seizures. symptoms often not medically possible. TERM 19

dissociative disorders

DEFINITION 19 conscious awareness becomes separated (dissociated) from previous memories, thoughts and feelings. TERM 20

three kinds of dissociative disorders

DEFINITION 20 dissociate amnesia dissociative fugue dissociative identity disorder

dissociate amnesia

selective memory loss often brought on by extreme stress. TERM 22

dissociative fugue

DEFINITION 22 flight from one's home and identity accompanies amnesia TERM 23

dissociative identity disorder

DEFINITION 23 rare dissociation disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalitites. TERM 24

mood disorders

DEFINITION 24 characterized by emotional extremes TERM 25

two types of mood disorders

DEFINITION 25 major depressive disorder bipolar disorder

major depressive disorder

a person, perhaps for no reason, experiences two or more weeks of depressed moods, feelings or worthlessness and diminished interest of pleasure in most activities. TERM 27

bipolar disorder

DEFINITION 27 a person alternates between the hopelessness and lethargy of depression and the overexcited state of mania (a hyperactive, wildly optimistic state). TERM 28

schizophernia

DEFINITION 28 literal translation "split mind" a severe psychotic (loss of contact with reality) disorder characterized by: delusional and disordered thinking disturbed perceptions inappropriate emotions and interactions TERM 29

delusions

DEFINITION 29 false beliefs, often of: persecution grandeur reference TERM 30

disordered thinking

DEFINITION 30 thoughts are disorganized and bizarre

disturbed perceptions

hallucinations false sensory experiences TERM 32

inappropriate emotions or actions

DEFINITION 32 emotions fluctuate repidly, or may become blunted unusual actions that have special meaning may become cataleptic, or exhibit waxy flexability TERM 33

contributor to schizophrenia

DEFINITION 33 biological and psychosocial TERM 34

biological contributors to schizophrenia

DEFINITION 34 overactivity of neurotransmitters brain damage and function ventricles in brain enlarged and filled with fluid in some schizophrenics. genetics some people may inherit a predisposing vulnerability. TERM 35

psychosocial contributions to schizophrenia

DEFINITION 35 stress can trigger an outbreak family communication high level of criticism, hostility, contradictory messages.

personality disorders

inflexable and enduring behavior patterns and personalities that impair social functioning. develop in childhood, onset in adolescence/early adulthood TERM 37

antisocial personality disorder

DEFINITION 37 one (usually male) exhibits a lack of conscience for wrongdoing, even toward friends and family members. TERM 38

clinical psychology

DEFINITION 38 field of psychology focusing on the assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of abnormal behavior. TERM 39

boulder model

DEFINITION 39 integration of science and practice with ultimate goal of clinical utility. TERM 40

psychiatrists vs. psychologists

DEFINITION 40 psychiatrists: have M.D., perscribe drugs, endorse medical model psychologists: have Ph.D., don't perscribe drugs, endorse biopsychosocial model

medical model

perspective that abnormal behavior reflects a type of physical or mental illness/disease. can be cured through treatment including therapy and use of drugs. TERM 42

biopsychosocial

DEFINITION 42 perpective that abnormal behavior can be treated by understanding the biological, pschological, and social factors at work. TERM 43

psychotherapy

DEFINITION 43 a planned, emotionally charged, confiding interaction between a trained, socially sanctioined healer and a sufferer. TERM 44

humanistic therapies

DEFINITION 44 we all have the potential to become unique and valuable people. problems result when an individuals normal growth potential is blocked. this creates a defective self-concept when obsticles are removed, one can become a genuine, self-accepting person. we are essentially responsible for solving our own problems. TERM 45

client-centered therapy

DEFINITION 45 carl rogers explores thoughts and feelings to obtain insights into causes of behavior fucus is on encouraging healthyemotional experiences by using four qualities of communication. empathy help explore feelings further unconditional positive regard genuine caring genuineness feelings of trust active listening listener echoes, restates and clarifies

cognitive therapies

faulty thought processes and beliefs cause problem behaviors and emotions self-talk is the key : things people say to themselves when they interpret events. TERM 47

rational emotive therapy

DEFINITION 47 albert ellis ABC model: activating event -> belief -> consequent emotion TERM 48

psychoanalysis

DEFINITION 48 to bring unconscious conflicts, usually from childhood, into consciousness. patients learns that conditions that caused conflict no longer exist. permits a release of tension and anxiety TERM 49

method of psychoanalysis

DEFINITION 49 free association interpretation dream analysis interpretation of tranference TERM 50

behavior therapies

DEFINITION 50 techniques based on learning principles that are used to change maladaptive behaviors.

big difference between client-centered

therapy and rational emotive therapy

don't attempt to help client understand feelings or change thought process. focus on the problem behavior itself, rather than underlying causes. TERM 52

biological therapies

DEFINITION 52 based on medcical model electroconvulsive therapy - can produce changes in neural transmission systems, biochemical balance of the brain. drug therapy - use of chemicals to alter emotions and behavior antidepressant drugs increase serotonin and norepinephrine antipsychotic drugs blocks dopamine receptors antianxiety drugs depress CNS activity TERM 53

eclectic approach

DEFINITION 53 therapy in which a therapist uses a combination of approaches to find the appropriate treatment TERM 54

Seligman found five things about the

effectiveness of psychotherapy

DEFINITION 54 long-term is better than short-term sessions therapy with medication is no better than just therapy no type of therapy was better than another freedom to choose therapists resulted in more improvement psychiatrists, psychologists, and social workers were equally good, and all were better than marriage counselors and family doctors. TERM 55

social psychology

DEFINITION 55 the branch of psychology that studies how the thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are influenced by the real, imagined, or implied, presence of others.

conformity

individuals change their behavior because of real or imagined pressure from others TERM 57

informational

conformity

DEFINITION 57 we confirm because we think the group has more information, knows the right answer. TERM 58

normative

conformity

DEFINITION 58 we confrom to be part of the group, to be liked by the group, or to not be rejected by the group. TERM 59

the big difference between informational and

normative conformity

DEFINITION 59 private acceptance TERM 60

compliance

DEFINITION 60 occurs when we agree to a request or offer made by another person. direct of implied request.

three examples of

compliance

reciprocity social proof scarcity TERM 62

reciprocity

DEFINITION 62 free samples, returning to favor TERM 63

social proof

DEFINITION 63 "biggest selling," "fastest growing" TERM 64

scarcity

DEFINITION 64 "limited time only" TERM 65

persuasion

DEFINITION 65 convinces someone of the merits of a position by presenting arguments

attitudes

a global and enduring positive or negative evaluation TERM 67

associations

DEFINITION 67 seeing a realitonship between two things TERM 68

implicit attitudes

DEFINITION 68 attitudes held outside of conscious awareness. TERM 69

obedience

DEFINITION 69 acquiesce to a demand made of you. TERM 70

conclusion to social influence

DEFINITION 70 others influence us in many ways, not all are positive

the big conclusion

power of the situation