FINAL PTCB Exam Review with 100 % correct answers /verified /24/25, Exams of Pharmacology

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FINAL PTCB Exam Review with 100 % correct answers

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1. When a patient is required to go to a network healthcare provider, the patient is insured through: A. a preferred-provider organization. B. workers' compensation. C. a pharmacy benefit manager. D. a health maintenance organization.: The key (D) is correct because it is the only choice that requires use of a network provider. A PPO may charge a higher co-pay for out of network. A pharmacy benefit manager is not an insurance plan, and workers' compensation is related to the workplace where an injury occurred.
2. Which of the medications is on the Institute for Safe Medication Practices List of Confused Drug Names because it is available in two different chemical forms that can be easily confused? A. Labetalol B. Hydralazine C. Nifedipine D. Metoprolol: The key (D) is correct because Metoprolol comes in Tartrate and Succinate and should be double checked for correct formulation. Distractors (A), (B), and (C) only come in single chemical formulation.
3. Which of the following injectable drugs would be stored in the refrigerator?

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A.

Clindamycin B. Ciprofloxacin C. Cyanocobalamin D. Calcitonin-salmon: The key (D) is correct because none of the drugs listed as distractors (A), (B), (C) are stored in the refrigerator per manufacturer storage instructions.

4. Which of the following medications is exempt from the Poison Prevention Packaging Act requirement for child-resistant containers? A. Nitroglycerin sustained release capsules B. Potassium chloride C. Isosorbide D. Cholestyramine powder: The key (D) is correct because cholestyramine powder, unlikely to harm a child in the quantities that are dispensed but could if ingested at one time, is exempt from the requirement for child-resistant containers. Although some dosage forms of nitroglycerin (sublingual), potassium chloride (those in unit dose packages), and isosorbide (dinitrate in sublingual or chewable tablets of 10 mg or less) are also exempt, other dosage forms of these are not, so these medications, in their current form, are incorrect.
5. A prescription reads, "Percodan tablets, dispense 120, take 1 tablet by mouth every 6 hours as needed for back pain." The technician should: A. refer the patient to another pharmacy.

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B.

refuse to fill the prescription and return it to the patient.

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C.

call the regional DEA office to report a forged prescription. D. fill the prescription as written.: The key (D) is correct because, per the prescrip- tion, you can take up to 4 tablets per day which means a maximum of 120 tablets in one month. This means it is a valid prescription for a controlled substance. The prescription includes all pertinent information, so there is no need to take further action as indicated in Distractors (A), (B), and (C).

6. When mixing dry powder with 150 mL of distilled water to process a pre- scription order calling for reconstituted oral antibiotic suspension, 40 doses of 5 mL each, the final suspension, in milliliters, accounted for by the dry drug is: A. 50 B. 100 C. 150 D. 200: The key (A) is correct because the total volume needed is 40 x 5 mL = 200 mL. Dry powder accounts for the difference between the total volume and the volume added: 200 mL - 150 mL = 50 mL.
7. **What volume, in milliliters, of a drug for injection 250 mg/10 mL should be used to fill an order for 15 mg? A.

B. 6 C. 10**

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D.

16.6: The key (A) is correct. 250 mg divided by 10 mL equals 25 mg per 1 mL. 15 mg divided by 25 mg equals the volume needed to provide 15 mg.

8. According to the Institute for Safe Medication Practices (ISMP), abbrevia- tions used during prescription writing: A. are no longer acceptable. B. improve entry time. C. are prone to errors. D. facilitate the prescriber.: The key (C) is correct because the Institute for Safe Medication Practices has a list of error-prone abbreviations that should never be used when communicating medical information because they are frequently mis- interpreted and involved in harmful medication errors. Distractor (A) is incorrect as ISMP does not state that all abbreviations are error prone. Distractors (B) and (D) are not correct as ISMP's mission relates to medication safety not reduction in prescription processing times.
9. Which of the following, when combined with acetaminophen 325 mg, would be a generic substitute for Tylenol No. 4? A. Codeine 15 mg B. Codeine 60 mg C. Oxycodone 7.5 mg D. Oxycodone 10 mg: The key (B) is correct. Distractor (A) does not come in

6 / a combination product. Distractors (C) and (D) are generic Percocet in two different strengths.

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10. What is the percentage concentration of a solution that contains 500 mg/50 mL? A. 0.5% B. 1% C. 5% D. 10%: What is the percentage concentration of a solution that contains 500 mg/50 mL? A.

% B. 1 % C. 5 % D. 10 %

11. A pharmacy technician receives a prescription from a patient. The patient needs all medications to be crushed. Which of the following would you alert the pharmacist to before entering in the prescription? A. Oxybutynin immediate release 5 mg tablet B.

8 / Metformin 500 mg sustained action tablet C. Potassium 10 mg dispersible tablet

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D.

Furosemide 40 mg tablet: The key (B) is correct because the sustained action mechanism will be compromised when the tablet is crushed. Immediate release and dispersible tablets can be crushed.

12. For a medication to be within the 5% margin of error permitted by the USP, the minimum amount that can be weighed on a Class A prescription balance is: A. 6 mg. B. 12 mg. C. 120 mg. D. 120 g.: The key (C) is correct as the Class A balance has a sensitivity requirement of 6 mg. 5% of 120 mg is 6 mg (0.05 x 120 mg = 6 mg). Distractor (A) refers to the measure of sensitivity of a Class A balance. Distractor (B) is incorrect as that is a 10% margin of error. Distractor (D) is incorrect as that is usually the maximum capacity that a Class A balance may weigh.
13. Antineoplastic medications should be prepared in which type of hood? A. Positive pressure B. Horizontal C. Laminar D. Biological: The key (D) is correct because antineoplastic medications

10 / that are classified as hazardous drugs should always be prepared in an environment that protects the operator from contamination; of those listed, only the biological safety

11 / cabinet is designed to do this. Positive pressure and horizontal hoods actually send particles outward toward the operator. Although some laminar airflow hoods may qualify as biological safety cabinets, others may not, so without further information, laminar (term used alone) cannot be considered correct.

14. A package insert contains instructions to store medication at 10°C. What is the temperature in degrees Fahrenheit? A. 33 B. 37 C. 42 D. 50: The key (D) is correct. To convert from Celsius to Fahrenheit, you take the degrees in Celsius, multiply by 9, then divide by 5 then add 32.
15. Before aseptic manipulations are performed, each hand, nail, wrist, and forearm should be scrubbed vigorously for at least: A. 15 seconds. B. 30 seconds. C. 3 minutes. D. 5 minutes.: The key (B) is correct as USP <797> guidelines indicate that personnel must scrub up to the elbow for 30 seconds prior to donning gloves for purposes of aseptic compounding. Distractor (A) is too short a time, and Distractors (C) and (D) are too long a time.
16. A physician orders amoxicillin 50 mg/mL for a child at 1 mL p.o. q8h for 10 days. What is the total volume to be dispensed, in milliliters, if the

12 / amoxicillin stock is 125 mg/5 mL?

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A.

B.

C.

D.

150: The key (C) is correct because the dose is 1 mL three times a day for 10 days which is 30 mL. The dose is 50 mg/mL so 50 mg x 30 mL is 1500 mg total in 10 days. If your stock concentration is 12 5mg/5 mL, then you will need 60 mL of that stock solution to provide the total dose for 10 days (i.e., 1500 mg x 5 mL divided by 125 mg = 60 mL) or 1500 mg/X mL = 125 mg/5 mL and solve for X.

17. How much dextrose, in grams, is contained in 1000 mL of D10W? A. 1 B. 10 C. 100 D. 1000: The key (C) is correct as D10W is 10 g of dextrose per 100 mL of solution. Therefore, there would be 100 g of dextrose in 1000 mL of D10W.
18. **Which is the smallest volume, in milliliters, that can be accurately mea- sured using a 1.0 mL tuberculin syringe? A.

B. 0.**

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C.

0.

D.

0.5: The key (A) is correct because tuberculin syringes are 1 mL with markings dividing the 1 mL into tenths and then into hundredths, and the key (A) is 5 hundredths. Distractors (B), (C), and (D) are 10 hundredths, 20 hundredths, and 50 hundredths, respectively.