Firefighting Fundamentals and Safety, Exams of Nursing

Download Firefighting Fundamentals and Safety and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! FF1 FINAL EXAM Questions with 100% complete verified solutions Latest Updates 2024 GRADED A+ 5 Firefighter Guidelines - answer 1. Be safe 2. Follow Orders 3. Think 4. Teamwork 5. Follow the Golden Rule NFPA 1001 - answer Standard for FF Professional Qualifications Engine Company - answer Securing water source, deploying hand lines, search and rescue, putting wet stuff on the red stuff Truck Company - answer Forcible Entry, Ventilation, roof operations, search and rescue, ground ladder deployment Chain of Command (lowest-highest rank) - answer Firefighter, Lieutenant, Captain, Battalion Chief, Assistant Chief, Department Chief Four Basic Management Principles (Fire Service) - answer Discipline (regulations, policies, procedures) Division Of Labor (Breaking strategy into smaller tasks) Unity of Command (each FF answers to 1 supervisor) Span of Control (Number of people 1 person can effectively supervise) SOP and SOG - answer establishes specific operational methods to be followed routinely for the performance of designed operations and actions 3 groups to consider for safety at the scene - answer 1. yourself 2. your team 3. everyone else Successful safety program must have - answer SOP's and SOG's Personnel Training Equipment 16 FF Life Safety Initiatives - answer Steps needed to be taken to change the current FF culture to make it safer Limitations of PPE - answer Lack of mobility, extra 50 lbs, retains heat PPE for Vehicle Extrication - answer Special gloves, coveralls, jumpsuits Respiratory hazards associated with fire - answer smoke, smoke particles, smoke vapors, toxic gases, oxygen deficiency, increased temperature 2 Main Types of SCBA - answer open circuit and closed circuit Open Circuit SCBA - answer tank provides breathing air supply to the user and exhaled air is released to the atmosphere through a 1 way valve Close Circuit SCBA - answer recycles users exhaled air Four main parts of SCBA - answer 1. Backpack and harness 2. Air cylinder assembly 3. Regulator assembly Growth Phase - answer Plenty of oxygen and fuel, fuel starts to burn and there is increased convection Fully Developed - answer all available fuel has been ignited Decay Phase - answer rate of burning slows down, less fuel Thermal Layering - answer property of gases in an enclosed space in which they form layers according to their temperature. Hottest gases on the top Flameover - answer Spontaneous ignition of hot gases in the upper levels of a room Flashover - answer Near simultaneous ignition of most of the exposed combustible materials in an enclosed area Backdraft - answer when oxygen is introduced to an area that is oxygen deprived BLEVE - answer Boiling Liquid/Expanding Vapor Explosion. When a tank containing a volatile liquid on the bottom and a flammable gas at the top is heated to the point where the tank ruptures Hypoxia - answer state of inadequate oxygenation of the blood and tissue sufficient to cause impairment of function Plume - answer Column of hot gases, flames and smoke rising above a fire Pyrolysis - answer Destructive distillation of organic compounds in an oxygen free environment that converts the organic matter into gases, liquids and char Classification System for Fire Extinguishers - answer Letters indicate the class of fire numbers indicate its effectiveness Class A Fire Extinguishers Labeled - answer "A" solid green triangle Class B Fire Extinguishers Labeled - answer "B" solid red square Class C Fire Extinguishers Labeled - answer "C" solid blue circle Class D Fire Extinguishers Labeled - answer "D" solid yellow star NFPA 10 - answer Requirements for placing and mounting portable fire extinguishers as well as appropriate mounting heights Mounting height for an extinguisher weighing 40 lbs or less - answer top of extinguisher, no more than 5 feet above floor Mounting height for an extinguisher weighting 40 lbs or more - answer top of extinguisher, no more than 3 feet above floor Bottom of extinguisher should be how high off of floor - answer 4 inches Light Low Risk - answer Majority of materials are noncombustible or arranged to limit fire spread Ordinary (moderate) risk - answer more class A and B materials than light hazards. High Hazard - answer more class A combustibles and or class b flammables than do ordinary hazard locations 7 basic types of extinguishing agents - answer water dry chem. carbon dioxide foam halogenated agents dry powders wet chem. 6 basic parts of a fire extinguisher - answer cylinder, carrying handle, nozzle, trigger and discharge valve assembly, locking mechanism, pressure indicator Stored Pressure Extinguishers - answer expel water in a solid stream 35-20 feet Loaded-stream extinguishers - answer discharge a solution of water containing a chemical to prevent freezing How far do carbon dioxide extinguishers discharge - answer 3-8 feet PASS - answer 1. Pull Pin 2. Aim 3. Squeeze Trigger 4. Spread nozzle at base of flames Rotating Tools - answer apply rotational force to make something turn; screwdrivers, wrenches, and pliers Prying/Spreading Tools - answer Pry and spread; pry bar, hydraulic spreaders, claw bar, crow bar, halligan Pushing/Pulling Tools - answer Extend your reach and increase the power you can exert on an object; pike pole, closet hook, k tool, ceiling hook Striking Tools - answer apply an impact force to an object; hammers, mallets, axes J tool - answer Tool designed to fit between double doors equipped with panic bars K Tool - answer Tool used to remove lock cylinders from structural doors Rabbet - answer Type of door frame in which the stop for the door is cut into the frame Two main structural parts of a ladder - answer beam and rung three basic types of ladder beam construction - answer trussed beam, I beam, and solid beam Parts of a typical portable ladder - answer rail, truss block, tip, butt, butt spurs Rail - answer Top and bottom surfaces of an I beam Truss Block - answer Piece that connects the two rails of a trussed beam. The rungs are attached to the truss blocks Tip - answer Very top of the ladder Butt - answer End of the ladder Butt spurs - answer metal spikes to help stabilize the ladder in place Basic Parts of an Extension Ladder - answer bed section, fly section, pawls Bed Section - answer Base of ladder Fly Section - answer Section of ladder that is raised from the bed section Pawls - answer Mechanical locking devices that secure the fly section Two general categories of ladders - answer Aerial and portable fire apparatus is required to carry which ladders - answer 1 roof ladder, 1 extension ladder, and 1 folding ladder Roof Ladder - answer Straight ladder with retractable hooks at one end Bangor ladder - answer extension ladders with stay poles for added stability Folding Ladder - answer narrow, collapsible designed to allow access to attics and confined spaces Fresno ladder - answer narrow, 2 sections, extension, designed for access to attics General Safety rules for ladders - answer -life with legs (keeping back straight) -look overhead for wires/obstructions -after extension, check pawls, check halyard -check for proper 75 degree angle Purpose of search operations - answer locate living victims Purpose of rescue operations - answer to physically remove victims from dangerous environment First Priority (search and rescue) - answer areas where live victims may be located immediately around the fire and the rest of the fire floor Second Priority (search and rescue) - answer area directly above the fire Third Priority (search and rescue) - answer higher level floors, working from top floor down Primary Search - answer quick attempt to locate victims who are in danger. Should be 15 minutes or less Vent-Entry-Search Method - answer Entering and exiting through a window Secondary Search - answer after fire is under control or fully suppressed. Slower search for deceased victims and areas not covered in primary search Signs of structural Collapse - answer sagging walls, chipped/cracked mortar, warped structural steel Signs of backdraft - answer dark black turbulent smoke, black windows, "breathing" building, intense heat 2 Different Components to ventilation process - answer Removal of smoke, toxic gases, and hot air. Addition of cooler, cleaner, oxygen-rich air Benefits of proper ventilation - answer improved vision, removal or heat, removal of stew, limited fire spread, reduced risk of backdraft How to relieve potential flashover conditions - answer short bursts of water applied to ceiling by attack crews, and ventilation openings are placed close to the fire Horizontal Ventilation - answer takes advantage of doors and windows on the same level as the fire Vertical Ventilation - answer Making open ins in roofs or floors so heat, smoke and toxic gases can escape from structure in a vertical direction Mechanical Ventilation - answer Uses large high powered fans to augment natural ventilation. Includes negative pressure ventilation, positive pressure ventilation, and hydraulic ventilation Large Diameter Hose - answer 31/2 inches or more, used only as supply lines Couplings - answer Used to connect individual hose lengths, connect hose line to hydrants, to an intake or discharge valve on an engine, or other fittings and appliances Two types of couplings - answer Threaded and Storz Threaded Couplings - answer Most hoses up to 3 inches, consist of male and female couplings Storz Type Coupling - answer Same on both ends Hard Suction Supply Hose - answer Used to draft water from a static source Soft Suction Supply Hose - answer Female couplings on both ends. Used to connect engine to large streamer outlet on a hydrant. Forward Lay - answer Starts at hydrants and proceeds towards fire Reverse Lay - answer Starts at fire and proceeds toward hydrant Split Hose Lay - answer 2 engines, in situations where hose must be laid in 2 different directions to establish water supply Adaptor - answer Device that joins hose coupling to of the same type Dutchman - answer Short fold placed in a hose when loading it into the bed, prevents the couplings from turning in the hose bed Four Way Hydrant Valve - answer Specialized type of valve placed on a hydrant, allows another engine to increase supply pressure without interrupting flow Friction Loss - answer Reduction in pressure resulting from water being in contact with the side of the hose Gated Wye - answer A valved device that splits a single hose into two separated hoses, each hose can be turned on and off independently. Higbee Indicators - answer Indicators on couplings that indicate where the thread starts Master Stream Device - answer Large Capacity nozzle. It can flow 300 gal/min. Deck guns. Pitot Gauge - answer Used to measure velocity pressure of water that is being discharged from an apparatus Reducer - answer Fitting used to connect a small hose line or pipe to a larger hose line or pipe Siamese Connection - answer device that allows two hoses to be connected together and flow into a single hose Spanner Wrench - answer tool used to couple/uncouple hoses by turning the rocker lugs Water Hammer - answer Surge or pressure that occurs when a high-veloicty flow is abruptly shut off Water Thief - answer Device that has a 21/2 inlet and 21/2 outlet and two 11/2 outlets. Used to supply many hoses from 1 source Wye - answer A device used to split a single hose into two separate lines How long is each section of attack hose - answer 50 feet How many FF to control a 21/2 inch handline - answer 2 firefighters Three most common hose loads for pre connected attack lines - answer minuteman load, flat load, triple layer load Three groups of nozzles - answer Low volume nozzles (40 gpm), handling nozzles (60-350 gpm), master stream Two different types of nozzles - answer Smooth Bore (solid column of water) Fog Stream (separate water into droplets can be varies by adjusting nozzle settings) Specialized Nozzles - answer Piercing nozzles (used to make holes in sheet metal or walls) Cellar Nozzles/Bresnan Distributors (fight fires in cellars, attics and cocklofts) Bankshot Method - answer Applies the stream onto a nearby object, such as a wall, instead of directly aiming at the fire. Risk-Benefit Analysis - answer Weights positive results that can be achieved against the probability and severity of potential negative consequences Personnel Accountability Report - answer Roll call taken by each supervisor. Head-counts are made every 10 minutes 2 Most critical weather conditions that influence a wild land fire - answer moisture and wind Area of origin (wild land fire) - answer Where the fire began Head of fire (wild land fire) - answer Rapidly moving area Finger (wild land fire) - answer Long narrow projection from head of fire