FISDAP Airway Exam Study Guide 2024, Exams of Advanced Education

Download FISDAP Airway Exam Study Guide 2024 and more Exams Advanced Education in PDF only on Docsity! FISDAP Airway Exam Study Guide 2024 with Complete Solutions. Alveolar air volume - Correct Answer-Amount of air that reaches alveoli for gas exchange (approx. 350 ml. For adult male) Tidal volume minus dead space Dead air space - Correct Answer-Anatomically: structures that hold air, but can't participate in gas exchange. Physiologically: alveoli or capillaries destroyed by disease Expiratory reserve volume - Correct Answer-Amount of gas that can be forcefully expired at the end of a normal expiration Inspiratory reserve volume - Correct Answer-Amount of gas that can be forcefully inspired in addition to a normal breaths tidal volume Internal respiration - Correct Answer-Exchange of gases between blood cells and tissues Peak expiratory flow - Correct Answer-The greatest rate of airflow during forced expiration when lungs are fully inflated Residual volume - Correct Answer-After maximal forced exhalation, amount of air remaining not able to be expelled Tidal volume - Correct Answer-Amount of air in a respiratory cycle (500 ml, 5-7ml/kg) Minute volume - Correct Answer-Amount of gas moved in and out of respiratory tract per minute Air trapping - Correct Answer-A respiratory pattern associated with an obstruction in the pulmonary tree. Rate increases to overcome resistance Angle of Louis - Correct Answer-Angulation of the sternum that indicates the point where the second rib joins the sternum. (manubriosternal junction) Anoxia - Correct Answer-total lack of oxygen available to the tissues Apnea - Correct Answer-Respiratory arrest Atelectasis - Correct Answer-Abnormal condition characterized by collapse of alveoli, preventing exchange of co2 and o2 in a part of the lungs Barrier device - Correct Answer-Thin film of material placed on the patient's face used to prevent direct contact with the patient's mouth during PPV Carina - Correct Answer-Where the trachea divides into right and left bronchi Ronchi - Correct Answer-Rattling or rumbling in the lungs. Inspiration and expiration. Fluid in larger airways and may be cleared from a cough. Stridor - Correct Answer-Harsh, high-pitched inspiratory sound best heard over the neck Rattles (ronchi) - Correct Answer-Inflammation and mucus or fluid in larger airways heard on inspiration. Associated with bronchitis or pneumonia Crackles (rales) - Correct Answer-Wet lungs - sounds like hair rolled in finger tips. fluid in smaller airways, crackling or popping sound on inspiration, sound that indicates presence of fluid in smaller airways Croup - Correct Answer-Viral infection in upper airway that sounds like a seal bark Wheeze - Correct Answer-Whistling sound heard on inspiration or expiration in pharynx, trachea, bronchi Biots respirations - Correct Answer-Irregular respirations and rate with periods of apnea from increased ICP, brain damage at medulla, DKA, and OD'ing Agonal respirations - Correct Answer-Slow, shallow, irregular from anoxic brain injury Central neurogenic hyperventilation - Correct Answer-Similar to Kussmaul respirations, deep and rapid breathing from increased ICP Cheyne-Stokes respiration - Correct Answer-A pattern of gradually increasing rate and depth of breathing that tapers to slower and shallower breathing with a period of apnea before the cycle repeats Hering-Breuer reflex - Correct Answer-Reflex that limits inspiration and prevents overinflation Hiccup - Correct Answer-Spasm of the diaphragm Benign tumor - Correct Answer-Not spreading aggressively Malignant tumor - Correct Answer-Aggressively spreads Secondary tumor - Correct Answer-Spread from its original location Barotrauma - Correct Answer-Injury that results from rapid or extreme changes in pressure Bronchiolitis - Correct Answer-Acute infectious inflammatory disease of the upper and lower respiratory tracts that results in obstruction of the small airways Bronchitis - Correct Answer-Inflammation of the lower respiratory tract Bronchopulmonary dysplasia - Correct Answer-Respiratory condition in infants usually arising from preterm birth Carbon Dioxide narcosis - Correct Answer-Mostly seen in COPD where CO2 is excessively retained causing ALOC Carpopedal spasm - Correct Answer-Cramping of extremities from hyperventilation Circumoral paresthesia - Correct Answer-A feeling of tingling around lips Collapsed lung - Correct Answer-Brooks sucks Costochondritis - Correct Answer-Inflammation of the cartilage in the anterior chest that is painful Cystic Fibrosis (CF) - Correct Answer-Genetic disease marked by hyper-secretion of glands, including mucous in lungs Emphysema - Correct Answer-Destruction of the alveoli Esophagoduodenoscopy - Correct Answer-Endoscope is used to look at the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum Hamman's sign - Correct Answer-Crunching sounds occasionally heard on the heart when air is in mediastinum Mainstem bronchi - Correct Answer-Each of two main breathing tubes off the trachea Mediastinitis - Correct Answer-Infection in the mediastinum Mediastinoscopy - Correct Answer-Surgical procedure of looking into mediastinum with an endoscope NCPE (Non-Cardiogenic Pulmonary Edema) - Correct Answer-Fluid collection in the alveoli of the lung that does not result from heart failure Ostomy - Correct Answer-A hole, usually referring to a surgically made hole. Pallor - Correct Answer-Pale washed out coloration of skin Peak flow meter - Correct Answer-Device used to assess severity of respiratory distress Pleural effusion - Correct Answer-Fluid in the pleural space, usually fluid that seeped from lung or chest wall Pleurisy - Correct Answer-Painful rubbing of pleural lining Pneumomediastinum - Correct Answer-Air entrapped within the mediastinum. Pneumonia - Correct Answer-Infection in lungs Pulmonary abscess - Correct Answer-Collection of pus within the lung Pulmonary bleb - Correct Answer-Cavity in the lung much like a balloon Pulmonary Embolism (PE) - Correct Answer-Clot lodged in pulmonary artery Respiratory failure - Correct Answer-Inadequate blood oxygenation and or ventilation to meet the metabolic demands of body tissue Retractions - Correct Answer-Use of accessory muscles Supraglottic - Correct Answer-Airway structure above vocal chords Synchronized Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation (SIMV) - Correct Answer-Vent setting that generally allows the patient to inspire at will and to the depth that he or she desires Tuberculosis (TB) - Correct Answer-Highly contagious bacterial infection known for causing pneumonia and infecting other parts of the body Peritonsillar abscess (PTA) - Correct Answer-Infection of tissue between the tonsil and pharynx Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) - Correct Answer-A virus linked to bronchiolitis in infants and children Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) - Correct Answer-Any of several bacterial strains of S. aureus resistant to methicillin (a penicillin) and related drugs Upper Respiratory Infection (URI) - Correct Answer-Viral syndrome causing nasal congestion and fever Vancomycin Resistant Enterococcus (VRE) - Correct Answer-Bacteria resistant to vancomycin