Fisdap Airway Practice Exam With 100% Correct Answers 2024, Exams of Advanced Education

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Fisdap Airway Practice Exam With 100%

Correct Answers 2024

A 75 y/o F complains of a sudden onset of right-sided chest pain and dyspnoea. She is recovering from a recent hip surgery. What should you suspect? a. hypotension b. pneumonia c. pulmonary embolism d. myocardial infarction - Correct answer-c. pulmonary embolism Typically the result of a clot that has formed in a lower extremity with poor circulation. Hip surgery requires a pt to be immobilised for an extended period of time which can permit a clot to form in a distal portion of an extremity. The sudden, unilateral chest pain in the lung with the clot. Any lung tissue distal of the clot will not allow for adequate O2 exchange. An 18 y/o M is cyanotic and complains of sharp chest pain and difficulty breathing (dyspnoea) after lifting weights. Vital signs are BP 110/66, P 88, R22. What is the most likely cause? a. acute myocardial infarction b. tension pneumothorax c. spontaneous pneumothorax d. pulmonary embolism - Correct answer-c. spontaneous pneumothorax Performing strenuous activities can, on occasion, cause a collapsed lung (spontaneous pneumothorax). He has stable vital signs so you should suspect a spontaneous pneumothorax. If he had been hypotensive (88/40), you should suspect that the spontaneous pneumothorax had developed into a tension pneumothorax. A 53 y/o M is sleepy, diaphoretic, difficult to arouse, and breathing 8 times a minute. What should you suspect?

a. respiratory distress b. respiratory alkalosis c. respiratory arrest d. respiratory failure - Correct answer-d. respiratory failure This rate is too slow and the fact that he is sleepy and difficult to arouse shows that he is in respiratory failure. An adult with a respiratory rate of 8 is too slow for adequate gas exchange. What are the small sacs at the end of the airway that are responsible for gas exchange? a. bronchioles b. carina c. trachea d. alveoli - Correct answer-d. alveoli The use of accessory muscles and nasal flaring are signs of what type of breathing? a. laboured b. obstructed c. normal d. shallow - Correct answer-a. laboured The use of accessory muscles is a sign of respiratory distress or failure. Nasal flaring is the body's response in effort to increase the size of the airway and attempt to draw in more air with each breath. Expect to initially see an increased respiratory and heart rate with laboured breathing. As the pt begins to tire, the respiratory rate and quality will begin to decrease, which worsens the problem. An unresponsive 43 y/o M is cool, pale, diaphoretic, and breathing 6 times a minute. Which device should you use to administer O2.

a. BVM b. NRM c. simple face mask d. NC - Correct answer-a. BVM He is unresponsive and breathing too slow. This is a "sick" pt and assisting his ventilations should be the first intervention. You can increase his respiratory rate with a BVM, which is why it is the most correct choice. An alert 32 y/o F complains of difficulty breathing. She speaks in 2-3 word sentences and has an O saturation of 92%. What should you do? a. obtain vital signs b. apply high-flow oxygen c. assist her with her metred dose inhaler d. assist ventilations with a BVM - Correct answer-b. apply high-flow oxygen She is alert and her respirations are still effective without the need for assisting ventilations. She only complains of SOB, so applying high-flow oxygen should be the first treatment. What is the term for high-pitched whistling sounds heard during expiration? a. snoring b. friction rub c. stridor d. wheezing - Correct answer-d. wheezing Wheezing suggests there is a lower airway obstruction or constriction. Exhalation is a passive process, and the wheezing noise is air passively leaving constricted bronchioles.

An 82 y.o F complains of difficulty breathing. Before you assist with her prescribed inhaler, who will you need permission from? a. staff nurse b. online medical control c. her family d. her personal physician - Correct answer-b. online medical control Online medical control is required for assisting prescribed medications. Online medical control consists of talking directly over a radio or cellular phone with a medical doctor. How should you insert an NPA? a. face the bevel towards the septum b. apply an oil-based lubricant c. rotate the device 360 degrees d. guide with a soft tip stylet - Correct answer-a. face the bevel towards the septum This is the first step. Then, apply a water-soluble lubricant, do not use an oil-based lubricant. A febrile 44 y/o M complains of SOB and has dull chest pain. He has been coughing up "rusty" sputum for the last 3 days. What is the most likely cause? a. congestive heart failure b. emphysoema c. chronic bronchitis d. pneumonia - Correct answer-d. pneumonia

This is an infection of the lung tissue. The "rusty" sputum (spit) is a sign of a lower airway infection. He is febrile (has a fever) from an immune response to the infection, and the "dull" chest pain is a common symptom at the location of the infection. What is the normal range of breaths per minute for an adult? a. 6- b. 20- c. 12- d. 28-36 - Correct answer-c. 12- The normal range for an adult respiratory rate is between 12-20 breaths per minute. This rate allows for adequate oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange. What are the structures that branch off of the trachea into the lower airway? a. cricoid b. alveoli c. arterioles d. bronchi - Correct answer-d. bronchi The trachea bifurcates (splits) at the carina into the left and right bronchus. The bronchi get smaller and smaller until it reaches the terminal bronchioles where the alveoli are located. A 56 y/o M has a complete airway obstruction from a piece of food. She becomes unconscious while you assess her. What should you do? a. begin chest compressions b. attempt to ventilate her c. perform a finger sweep

d. deliver up to 5 abdominal thrusts - Correct answer-a. begin chest compressions This should be the first thing you do during a complete airway obstruction when the pt has become unconscious. A 42 y/o M complains of SOB after being sprayed with super-heated steam. He has burns to his face, neck, and upper chest. Vital signs are BP 112/66, P 124, R 28 shallow and laboured. What should you do? a. assist his ventilations b. remove excess clothing c. suction his airway d. apply sterile dressings - Correct answer-a. assist his ventilations He is in respiratory failure. His breathing is ineffective because his respirations are fast and shallow. Shallow respirations do not allow for adequate oxygen exchange because the air is not drawn down far enough into the lungs. Assisting his breathing with positive pressure ventilations will help reduce any developing pulmonary oedema from the lower airway burns. A 77 y/o F has dyspnoea, speaks in short word bursts, and breathes with pursed lips. Lung sounds are diminished, distant, and clear. Vital signs are BP 152/90, P 86, and irregular, R 23. What should you suspect? a. pulmonary oedema b. emphysoema c. status asthmaticus d. bronchitis - Correct answer-a. emphysoema This is a chronic destructive process of the alveoli. The alveoli regenerate but they are misshaped and consist of scare tissue, which inhibits gas exchange. She has pursed lips because she is attempting to keep the alveoli open. Without the extra effort, her alveoli will collapse due to the increased surface tension.

A 67 y/o M complains of mild respiratory distress. He smokes 4 packs of cigarettes a day and reports a consistent cough and frequent respiratory tract infections. Chest sounds reveal bilateral rhonchi. What should you suspect? a. pulmonary embolus b. status asthmaticus c. lung cancer d. chronic bronchitis - Correct answer-d. chronic bronchitis This is a long term inflation of the bronchioles. Excessive mucous and pus production leads to obstructed airways. The consistent cough is the body's response to clear the airway obstruction. A 64 y/o M is not breathing. What should you do after initiating ventilations with a BVM? a. look for the rise and fall of his chest b. listen for gurgling and check the mask position c. look for signs that he begins breathing on his own d. look for inflation of his cheeks - Correct answer-a. look for the rise and fall of his chest Watching a pt's chest rise (inhale) can show that an adequate amount of air is getting into the lungs. Watching a pt's chest fall (exhale) can show if air is able to passively leave. What is the amount of air that normally reaches the alveoli in an adult? a. 350 mL b. 500 mL c. 150 mL d. 750 mL - Correct answer-a. 350 mL

The average adult ventilation is about 500 mL of volume, but there is an area of dead space that traps 150 mL of air. 350 mL effectively reaches the alveoli for O2 and CO2 exchange. What is the term for abnormal breath sounds that result from an obstructed airway? a. snoring b. wheezing c. crackles d. stridor - Correct answer-Stridor is an upper airway obstruction caused by the tissue swelling around the trachea, larynx, or epiglottis. Stridor is often present with any airway obstruction, epiglottitis, or croup.