FISDAP- NREMT TRAUMA PRACTICE 2023-2024 QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED A+, Exams of Nursing

Download FISDAP- NREMT TRAUMA PRACTICE 2023-2024 QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED A+ and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! 1 An alert 18 y/o female is found trapped in her car after a single-car MVC. The airbag deployed, and she denies any head or neck pain, but she complains of hip and left leg pain. When she is finally extricated from the car, her vital signs begin to collapse. What shock is she transitioning from? A) neurogenic shock to hypovolemic shock B) decompensated shock to compensated shock C) compensated shock to decompensated shock D) decompensated shock to hypovolemic shock – ANSWER==C) compensated shock to decompensated shock Which of the following MOIs would NOT be significant for an adult? A) death in the same passenger compartment B) fall from more than 10 feet C) ejection from vehicle D) altered mental status - ANSWER ==B) fall from more than 10 feet A 20 y/o female has burns on her chest, abdomen, and on the anterior side of her right arm. What percentage of her body is burned? A) 22.5% B) 27% C) 40.5% D) 18% - ANSWER ==A) 22.5% Before placing an unconscious 6 y/o on a backboard, what should you do? A) place padding directly underneath the head B) place padding underneath the shoulders C) contact the parents for consent D) assess vital signs - ANSWER ==B) place padding underneath the shoulders What best defines shock? A) lack of adequate perfusion to the tissues B) hemorrhage exceeding 50% of total blood volume C) deficiency of vascular tone due to hemorrhage D) inadequate cerebral blood flow 2 - ANSWER==A) lack of adequate perfusion to the tissues 5 C) administer high-flow oxygen D) apply a half-spine immobilization device - ANSWER ==B) stabilize the c-spine An 18 y/o female was hit and has 4 teeth pushed into the upper gums of her jaw. She complains of severe pain and discomfort. Bleeding is minimal. BP is 120/90, HR is 88 bpm, RR is 16/min, and SpO2 is 96%. What should you do? A) administer aspirin for pain B) insert an OPA to maintain patency C) apply oxygen by NRB at 15 L/min D) monitor her bleeding and ensure a patent airway - ANSWER ==D) monitor her bleeding and ensure a patent airway An injury produced by wounding forces of compression and change of speed, both of which can disrupt tissue, is defined as: A) third degree trauma B) penetrating trauma C) blunt trauma D) cavitation - ANSWER ==C) blunt trauma A 34 y/o female has been bleeding vaginally for 2 hours. She is anxious, alert, and oriented. Her skin is cool, pale, and diaphoretic. BP is 116/70, HR 118 bpm, and RR 20/min. What should you suspect? A) hypotensive shock B) hypertensive shock C) decompensated shock D) compensated shock - ANSWER ==D) compensated shock What is a contraindication of a traction splint? A) signs of hypoperfusion B) swelling or deformity to the thigh C) pelvic fracture D) potential spinal injury - ANSWER ==C) pelvic fracture A 56 y/o male involved in a car accident complains of chest and abdominal pain. Pulses differ by 10 mmHg systolic bilaterally and lung sounds are muffled. To which artery should you suspect a rupture? A) subclavian B) carotid C) iliac D) radial - ANSWER ==A) subclavian A 32 y/o female attempted suicide by taking sleeping pills and cutting her wrists. She has dark red blood oozing from the wrist lacerations. BP is 90/52, HR 130 bpm and weak, RR 18/min. What type of bleeding and shock is she experiencing? A) venous bleeding with hypovolemic shock B) capillary bleeding with cardiogenic shock 6 C) arterial bleeding with hypovolemic shock D) venous bleeding with neurogenic shock - ANSWER ==A) venous bleeding with hypovolemic shock Unequal pupils are a result of pressure on which structure? A) oculomotor nerve B) central medulla C) trochlear membrane D) vagus nerve - ANSWER ==A) oculomotor nerve A 41 y/o male has been injured in an explosion at a chemical lab. He has ruptured TMs and sinus injuries. At what phase of the blast did the patient sustain the injuries? A) primary B) ultimate C) tertiary D) secondary - ANSWER ==A) primary When protecting the cervical spine of a suspected trauma patient, what should you do? A) place gentle traction to straighten the c-spine B) hold the c-spine in the position found C) place a rigid collar on the neck prior to continuing with the rest of the assessment D) hold the neck in a neutral, in-line position - ANSWER ==D) hold the neck in a neutral, in-line position What is a mechanism of obstructive shock? A) MI B) spinal cord injury C) acute fluid loss D) tension PTX - ANSWER ==D) tension PTX Which of the following is the first sign of shock that usually appears in patients? A) changes in vitals B) pale, cool, and clammy skin C) AMS D) nausea and vomiting Which of the following describes bruising or discoloration behind the ears as a result of a fractured skull? A) Babinski's sign B) silver fork sign C) Cushing's sign D) Battle's sign - ANSWER ==D) Battle's sign What is the correct technique for splinting a suspected finger fracture? A) apply a straight, flat, and rigid splint to the finger B) place an arm board under the wrist and wrap with Curlex - ANSWER ==C) AMS 7 C) tape the fractured finger to a neighboring finger only D) immobilize the hand and finger in a pillow and apply ice - ANSWER==A) apply a straight, flat, and rigid splint to the finger After initial treatments of an arterial bleed in the left forearm are unsuccessful, what should you do? A) apply a tourniquet B) lower the extremity C) apply pressure to the radial artery D) apply pressure to the subclavian artery A 12 y/o male has suffered a blast injury. In what phase would projectiles have caused injury to the patient? A) secondary B) primary C) tertiary D) quaternary - ANSWER==A) secondary When the vascular container enlarges without proportional increase in the fluid volume, what type of shock should you suspect? A) decompensated B) hypovolemic C) cardiogenic D) distributive - ANSWER ==D) distributive A 26 y/o female complains of chest pain after an MVC. Auscultation of lung sounds reveals distant heart tones. Vitals are BP 160/70, HR 56 bpm, RR 22/min. She has distended neck veins. What should you suspect? A) hemothorax B) AAA C) congestive heart failure D) pericardial tamponade - ANSWER ==D) pericardial tamponade A 34 y/o male involved in a motorcycle crash presents with tachycardia, hypotension, and muffled heart tones. What should you suspect? A) pericardial tamponade B) hemopneumothorax C) traumatic asphyxia D) tension PTX - ANSWER==A) pericardial tamponade What organ is located in the RUQ? A) spleen B) liver C) kidney D) pancreas - ANSWER ==B) liver - ANSWER ==A) apply a tourniquet 10 A) apply additional dressing material with direct pressure B) remove and replace the dressing with a thicker dressing C) wrap an elastic bandage around the blood-soaked dressing D) cover the existing dressing with an occlusive dressing additional dressing material with direct pressure A 19 y/o female has a pencil impaled in her left eye. BP is 130/90, HR 84 bpm, RR 18/min. What should you do? A) assess her ability to track movement with her right eye B) apply oxygen by NRB at 15 L/min C) stabilize the pencil and cover her other eye in a dressing D) stabilize the pencil with a plastic cup - ANSWER ==C) stabilize the pencil and cover her other eye in a dressing A 20 y/o male struck his head while jumping into a swimming pool. He is unconscious and apneic. BP is 88/70, HR 80 bpm. There is a large amount of swelling and deformity in the c-spine area. What should you do? A) apply and inflate MAST B) use the head tilt-chin lift to open his airway C) secure him to a long backboard D) administer oxygen via NRB A 45 y/o male has fallen down a flight of stairs. He is unresponsive and has diminished breath sounds bilaterally with subQ emphysema around the base of his neck. What should you suspect? A) hemothorax B) fractured trachea C) flail chest D) PTX - ANSWER ==B) fractured trachea A 52 y/o female was the passenger in an MVC in which the airbag deployed. She complains of severe pain in her left shoulder. What is this known as? A) Kehr's sign B) Cullen's sign C) Grey-Turner's sign D) shoulder dystocia - ANSWER ==A) Kehr's sign A 10 y/o boy fell off his bicycle and is now experiencing slow, even bleeding from his left elbow. Which of the following would be the most likely complication from the injury? A) contamination and infection B) air embolism interfering with heart rhythm C) locating the child's legal guardian D) major blood loss - ANSWER ==A) contamination and infection - ANSWER ==C) secure him to a long backboard - ANSWER ==A) apply 11 An intoxicated 45 y/o homeless man was hit in the chest. He complains of pain with inspiration. Bilateral lung sounds are clear. BP is 130/80, HR is 76 bpm, RR is 12/min, and SpO2 is 94%. What should you suspect? A) head injury B) pericardial tamponade C) tension PTX D) rib fractures - ANSWER ==D) rib fractures A 56 y/o male tripped and fell into a manhole in the sidewalk. He complains of chest pain and tenderness when he takes a deep breath. Lung sounds are clear but diminished bilaterally. BP is 140/90, HR 90 bpm, RR 12/min. What is the most likely cause of his symptoms? A) tension PTX B) rib fractures C) flail chest D) left-sided hemothorax - ANSWER ==B) rib fractures Your patient has a small sucking puncture wound to the right side of his chest. How would you dress the wound? A) roller gauze B) moist gauze C) butterfly bandages D) occlusive dressing - ANSWER ==D) occlusive dressing A 31 y/o female has a GSW to the right lateral chest. She is awake and alert with obvious difficulty breathing. Where should she be transported? A) respiratory center B) local hospital C) emergency department D) trauma center - ANSWER ==D) trauma center You are at an amusement part when you witness a 19 y/o male being stabbed in the arm. After ensuring that the scene is safe, you approach and see that he is experiencing slow, steady bleeding. You have disposable gloves in your pocket, but no bandages. You should: A) send a bystander to locate a tourniquet B) apply direct pressure to the wound using your gloved hand C) locate a first-aid kit and control the bleeding with bandages D) elevate the arm and use a pressure point to control bleeding - ANSWER==B) apply direct pressure to the wound using your gloved hand An unrestrained 47 y/o female is in cardiac arrest after an MVC on the freeway. She has been pulseless for 20 mins and CPR was withheld. What should you do? A) start CPR and contact medical control to terminate efforts B) provide chest compressions for 2 mins and then apply the AED C) apply the AED and start CPR simultaneously 12 D) look for signs of occult bleeding – ANSWER ==A) start CPR and contact medical control to terminate efforts A 25 y/o pregnant female was ejected from a motor vehicle. She is apneic and pulseless. What should you do? A) prepare for delivery B) provide CPR and transport C) transport in the left lateral recumbent position D) avoid contaminating the scene - ANSWER ==B) provide CPR and transport A 25 y/o female has a distended abdomen and muffled lung sounds after an MVC. BP is 130/80, HR 96 bpm, RR 24/min. What should you suspect? A) abdominal evisceration B) pericardial tamponade C) ruptured bowel D) tension PTX - ANSWER ==C) ruptured bowel What are the general principles for management of a dislocation? A) traction and realignment B) splinting in a position of comfort C) pain management and realignment D) splinting in the position found - ANSWER ==D) splinting in the position found An alert and oriented 35 y/o female is sitting on the ground after an MVC. BP is 90/62, HR 96 bpm, and RR 24/min and shallow. She denies any numbness or tingling in her extremities. What should you do? A) reassess her vitals B) apply oxygen by nasal cannula C) perform full spinal immobilization D) transport immediately - ANSWER ==D) transport immediately What findings would indicate a serious MOI during an MVC? A) the front end of the car has crumpled without intrusion into the passenger compartment B) the patient has a 1-inch laceration to his face and his left shoulder is bruised C) the windshield is badly cracked on the passenger side D) the steering wheel is deformed and the steering column is damaged - ANSWER ==D) the steering wheel is deformed and the steering column is damaged What patient would NOT be triaged as red? A) a patient with an obstructed airway B) a patient with a sucking chest wound C) a patient in decompensated shock D) a patient with a 4-inch thigh laceration - ANSWER ==D) a patient with a 4-inch thigh laceration 15 Hollow organs while solid organs bleed . B) air embolism C) internal injuries D) crush syndrome - ANSWER ==D) crush syndrome What is NOT included in the management of a minor venous laceration? A) pressure point B) elevation C) direct pressure D) tourniquet - ANSWER ==D) tourniquet Which of the following MOIs would result in a coup-contrecoup injury? A) a front-impact MVC B) diving into shallow water C) a fall from over 20 feet D) a low-energy projectile - ANSWER ==A) a front-impact MVC A) profusely bleed, very slowly B) rupture, rupture C) ooze blood, profusely D) rupture, profusely - ANSWER ==D) rupture, profusely A patient has excessive bleeding from the neck. What should you apply? A) a tourniquet B) a Band-Aid C) an occlusive dressing D) a pressure dressing - ANSWER ==D) a pressure dressing Contents of the chest are protected by: A) mediastinum B) false ribs C) sternum D) ribs - ANSWER ==D) ribs A 22 y/o male was hit several times in the face at a bar. BP is 130/82, HR 110 bpm, RR 24/min. He is hostile and cannot remember his name or address. He refuses any emergency care. What should you do? A) explain the consequences of not allowing you to treat him and then have him sign a refusal form B) call for police to obtain a transport hold on him C) have him sign a refusal form and leave the scene D) have his friends drive him to the hospital as you follow behind in your ambulance - ANSWER ==B) call for police to obtain a transport hold on him You are dispatched to a residence where a 10 y/o girl fell onto a jagged piece of metal. She has a gaping laceration to the right upper arm that is spurting bright red blood. The 16 mother tried to control bleeding with a towel, but it kept soaking through. How would you manage this patient? A) place direct pressure on wound, elevate pt's arm, place tourniquet proximal to the injury B) immediately place PASG C) place direct pressure on wound, elevate pt's arm, place tourniquet distal to injury D) call for immediate ALS intercept, they need to place a tourniquet on pt's arm and start a small bore IV - ANSWER ==A) place direct pressure on wound, elevate pt's arm, place tourniquet proximal to the injury A 21 y/o female involved in an MVC has a bruise to the right side of her chest with paradoxical motion. What should you suspect? A) flail chest segment B) cardiac tamponade C) tension PTX D) traumatic asphyxia - ANSWER ==A) flail chest segment A 22 y/o female involved in an MVC has a 10 cm laceration across her abdomen. You see her large intestine protruding. What should you do? A) irrigate the wound with normal saline B) put gentle pressure on the large intestine C) cover the injury with a dry sterile dressing D) apply a moist and occlusive dressing - ANSWER ==D) apply a moist and occlusive dressing List all regions of the human vertebral column. - ANSWER ==cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, coccygeal Which of the following patients should be transported to a trauma center? A) a 60 y/o with rib pain after an MVC B) a 45 y/o female stabbed in the flank C) a 22 y/o male with a closed ulnar fracture D) a 25 y/o male who fell 10 feet - ANSWER ==B) a 45 y/o female stabbed in the flank A 16 y/o female fell rollerskating and is now confused and agitated. What should you suspect? A) head and chest injuries B) head and spinal injuries C) abdominal and extremity injuries D) abdominal and spinal injuries - ANSWER ==B) head and spinal injuries In which of the following situations would you remove an impaled object? A) knife in the lung B) piece of metal in the abdomen C) wire in the right cheek D) steel rod through the leg - ANSWER ==C) wire in the right cheek 17 The posterior chest region contains the: A) posterior vena cava B) spinal column C) sternum D) jugular veins - ANSWER ==B) spinal column A 13 y/o has fallen 15 feet. He has a deformed right thigh and is lethargic to respond. What should you do? A) apply a traction splint B) obtain a SAMPLE history C) immediately attempt to contact his parents D) manually stabilize the c-spine - ANSWER ==D) manually stabilize the c-spine A 34 y/o male was involved in an MVC. He has significant facial trauma and is bleeding profusely from the mouth and nose. When performing your assessment, what findings are most indicative of neurological disorders? A) changes in consciousness B) narrowing pulse pressure C) tachycardia and hypotension D) head trauma - ANSWER ==A) changes in consciousness A 24 y/o female responds to a sternal rub by opening her eyes and moaning incomprehensibly. She tries to push your hands away from her sternum. What is her GCS score? A) 6 B) 3 C) 12 D) 9 - ANSWER ==D) 9 A 26 y/o female has difficulty breathing after an MVC. Lung sounds are distant on the left side and she has paroxysmal chest rise. What should you do? A) insert an OPA B) wrap her chest in bandages C) apply an NRB at 15 L/min D) ventilate her with a BVM - ANSWER ==D) ventilate her with a BVM A 22 y/o female has lower leg deformity, moderate bleeding from the forehead, and signs and symptoms of shock following an MVC. What should you do? A) open the airway and monitor the vitals every 15 mins B) complete a detailed trauma assessment and patient history C) perform a primary assessment, stabilize, and transport D) splint and bandage the patient's injuries before transporting - ANSWER ==C) perform a primary assessment, stabilize, and transport 20 B) insert a BIAD C) apply high-flow oxygen D) activate air-medical transport - ANSWER ==A) manually stabilize the c-spine A GSW is an example of a: A) laceration B) deformity C) contusion D) penetration - ANSWER ==D) penetration Which of the following is used in the management of a pelvic fracture with hypotension? A) pneumatic anti-shock garment B) buddy splinting the legs to each other C) securing the patient to a backboard D) unilateral traction device with ankle straps - ANSWER ==A) pneumatic anti-shock garment How should you treat an impaled object in the abdomen? A) manually secure the object and inflate the pneumatic anti-shock garment to stabilize it B) remove the object and apply a porous dressing moistened with sterile saline C) remove the object and apply an occlusive dressing D) secure the object, control bleeding, and use bulky dressings to stabilize the object - ANSWER ==D) secure the object, control bleeding, and use bulky dressings to stabilize the object While on scene of a two-car T-bone type accident, a bystander comes up to you and states "I think my husband just died!" Upon arrival to the patient, you find him to be unresponsive, although he is breathing. Pt is noted to have a large hematoma to the frontal region of his head. Patient's family states that the patient has a long medical history including COPD, CAD, and diabetes. BP is 130/60, HR 80 bpm, RR 18. Your next step should be to? A) obtain a BGL and request ALS assistance B) place patient on a backboard and rapidly transport to the nearest urgent care C) give oral glucose because you are sure his BGL is low D) place patient on high-flow O2 and transport patient to the nearest burn center - ANSWER ==A) obtain a BGL and request ALS assistance A 32 y/o male has an open wound on his arm after an unknown chemical powder was spilled on it. What should you do? A) wrap the wound in sterile gauze B) irrigate the wound with water C) identify the chemical and obtain a set of vitals D) brush the powder off the wound - ANSWER ==D) brush the powder off the wound 21 An 8 y/o complains of severe lower leg pain. He was released from a local ER 8 hours ago following treatment for a closed tibia fracture. The whole lower leg is swollen, pale, and has decreased sensation. What should you suspect? A) compartment syndrome B) acute arterial occlusion C) an associated calf muscle strain D) ineffective immobilization - ANSWER ==A) compartment syndrome A 16 y/o male was freed from entanglement in an MVC. His right arm is amputated below the elbow. What should you do with the amputation? A) wrap it in moistened gauze, place it in a bag, and keep it cool B) place it in a bag packed with ice and transport C) wrap it in a dry gauze and keep it warm during transport D) place it into anatomical position and wrap it with dry gauze - ANSWER ==A) wrap it in moistened gauze, place it in a bag, and keep it cool How much blood can a patient lose in the abdomen if left untreated? A) 1000 L B) 10 L C) 1500 L D) 15 L - ANSWER ==B) 10 L A 20 y/o male struck his head on a diving board and is unconscious and apneic. BP 88/70, HR 80 bpm. He has a large amount of swelling and deformity in the c-spine area. What should you suspect? A) cerebral contusion B) increased ICP C) c-spine injury D) hypovolemic shock - ANSWER ==C) c-spine injury What is the primary concern in a patient suffering from a severe facial injury due to blunt trauma? A) bleeding control B) transport facility C) adequate breathing D) airway control - ANSWER ==D) airway control A 52 y/o male was the unrestrained driver in a frontal impact MVC. Which of the following injuries would lead you to believe the patient traveled "up and over" the dashboard instead of "down and under"? A) ruptured diaphragm B) c-spine fracture C) patellar dislocation D) flail chest - ANSWER ==A) ruptured diaphragm 22 An 18 y/o female with suspected c-spine injury has a significant amount of blood in her mouth. What should you do? A) assess her RR for no longer than 30 seconds B) stabilize her head and suction her airway C) perform jaw-thrust maneuver and attempt to ventilate her D) perform a jaw-thrust maneuver and finger-sweep to remove blood from her mouth - ANSWER ==B) stabilize her head and suction her airway A 57 y/o female was the unrestrained driver in a frontal impact MVC. Which of the following would lead you to believe that she travelled "up and over" the dashboard instead of "down and under"? A) flail chest B) patellar dislocation C) c-spine fracture D) ruptured diaphragm - ANSWER ==D) ruptured diaphragm A 29 y/o male crashed his motorcycle. He is unconscious and the lower portion of his jaw is torn from his face. He has gurgling respirations with bleeding into the throat. What should you do? A) insert an OPA B) apply a c-collar and administer blow-by oxygen C) perform a head tilt-chin lift and apply an NRB D) apply an NC and suction as needed - ANSWER ==D) apply an NC and suction as needed What is the most serious complication of vaginal bleeding? A) PID B) yeast infection C) pregnancy D) hypovolemic shock - ANSWER ==D) hypovolemic shock A 20 y/o male has a 4 cm long by 3 mm wide cut along his right forearm. How should you classify this wound? A) abrasion B) avulsion C) contusion D) laceration - ANSWER ==D) laceration An 8 y/o male has a .22 caliber GSW to the lower left abdomen. The wound has been dressed but continues to bleed. BP is 116/68, HR 92 bpm, SpO2 96%. What should you do? A) apply direct pressure to the wound B) remove the soaked dressing and apply a new one C) administer O2 D) auscultate lung sounds - ANSWER ==A) apply direct pressure to the wound 25 lacerations, and minor swelling. Knowing that crush injuries can cause many other problems, which is NOT considered a crush injury complication? A) compression fo tissues B) fractures C) no injury at all D) compartment syndrome - ANSWER ==C) no injury at all Loss of tissue in a traumatic event can be just soft tissue, a portion of an extremity, or an entire extremity. If your patient has lost the distal 1/3 of a lower extremity, what would that injury be called? A) amplitude B) avulsion C) extremity exodus D) amputation - ANSWER ==D) amputation In any traumatic event where there is tissue damage that caused bleeding, the bleeding needs to be controlled. What are the proper steps to bleeding control? A) direct pressure, elevation, tourniquet, digital pressure B) direct pressure, digital pressure, elevation, tourniquet C) tourniquet, elevation, pressure dressing, direct pressure D) direct pressure, pressure dressing, tourniquet - ANSWER ==B) direct pressure, digital pressure, elevation, tourniquet Direct pressure stops 90% of all bleeding and should be done first. If direct pressure does not work in the first minute or two, then digital pressure should be applied next. Next steps include elevation and a tourniquet for uncontrolled or excessive bleeding. Pressure dressings should only be used once bleeding has stopped. Your 16 y/o trauma patient has what appears to be a mid-shaft femur fracture. You notice that there is a laceration directly over the suspected fracture. Bleeding is controlled. What type of fracture would this be? A) greenstick B) comminuted C) closed D) open - ANSWER ==D) open En route to the hospital, your paramedic partner intubates a patient. During your assessment of tube placement, you hear wheezing in the upper lung fields. What is most likely causing this wheezing? A) inhalation injury to the upper airway B) inhalation induced cardiac wheezing C) inhalation induced asthma attack D) inhalation injury to the lower airway - ANSWER ==D) inhalation injury to the lower airway 26 Following the immobilization of an extremity fracture to the lower right arm, the EMT should perform what step last? A) ensuring the splint is applied tightly B) placing the hand in the position of function C) assessing presence of PMS D) placing the immobilized extremity below the level of the heart - ANSWER ==C) assessing presence of PMS You are treating a 24 y/o female with a GSW to the right side of the back. No exit wound is visible. She is awake but confused. Her skin is pale and diaphoretic with cyanosis noted to the oral mucosa. Breath sounds are clear and equal bilaterally. JVD is present. BP is 90/78, HR is 124 bpm, and RR is 28/min and labored. Sinus tachycardia is seen on the cardiac monitor. What condition is most likely present? A) hemothorax B) tension PTX C) pericardial tamponade D) lacerated aorta - ANSWER ==C) pericardial tamponade You are treating a 24 y/o female with a GSW to the right side of the back. No exit wound is visible. She is awake but confused. Her skin is pale and diaphoretic with cyanosis noted to the oral mucosa. Breath sounds are clear and equal bilaterally. JVD is present. BP is 90/78, HR is 124 bpm, and RR is 28/min and labored. Sinus tachycardia is seen on the cardiac monitor. Which of the following treatment regimens would be the most appropriate for this patient? A) high-flow oxygen, spinal precautions, occlusive dressing over entrance wound, rapid transport B) high-flow oxygen by NRB, spinal precautions, allow patient to remain in a position of comfort C) high-flow oxygen by NRB, cover entrance wound with occlusive dressing D) high-flow oxygen, pleural decompression to right side of chest, rapid transport - ANSWER ==A) high-flow oxygen, spinal precautions, occlusive dressing over entrance wound, rapid transport You are treating a 12 y/o male patient who was hit in the nose with a baseball. His nose is deviated to the left with moderate epistaxis. He is complaining of severe pain to his nose. He is alert and oriented with no LOC. Which of the following treatment sequences would best manage this patient? A) pack nares with gauze to control bleeding B) have patient lie supine while holding pressure to nares C) align nose in the neutral position while holding pressure to nares D) have patient sit upright and lean forward while holding pressure to nares - ANSWER ==D) have patient sit upright and lean forward while holding pressure to nares You are called for an elderly female that fell down and hurt her knee. When you find the patient, she tells you she tripped and fell, and landed on her left knee. She denies any LOC or head trauma. The patient is only complaining of pain to the distal femur. During 27 assessment, you notice deformity and swelling to the femur, proximal to the knee. The patient has good distal pulses, motor function, and sensation. What would be the most appropriate treatment? A) secure to a backboard and pad appropriately B) application of padded board splints C) traction splinting D) inflation of the PASG on both legs - ANSWER ==A) secure to a backboard and pad appropriately The patient with a femur fracture should be secured to a backboard and padded appropriately. Inflating both leg sections of the PASG is not indicated for this patient. Secure femur while helping to stop any blood loss. Traction splinting is only appropriate if the femur fracture is mid-shaft. Padded board splints will not provide sufficient stabilization. You have responded to a local residence of a 37 y/o male who lacerated his leg while using a chainsaw in the backyard. Prior to your arrival, the patient's wife, who is a nurse, applied pressure to the wound and has the patient in Trendelenberg. Your assessment of the patient reveals him to be responsive to painful stimuli with a weak carotid pulse and unobtainable BP. There is a massive amount of blood surrounding the patient on the ground. The wife tells you that the wound is arterial and the injury occurred about 10-15 mins ago. In addition to oxygen therapy, what are your treatment priorities for the patient? A) continue applying direct pressure to the wound and call for ALS support B) apply an arterial tourniquet and call for ALS support C) continue applying direct pressure to the wound and transport - ANSWER ==A) continue applying direct pressure to the wound and call for ALS Which of the following findings in a crush injury is typically the earliest and most prominent? A) pain B) pulselessness C) paresthesia D) paralysis - ANSWER ==A) pain Your 26 y/o female patient has been pulled out of a house fire. Her chest and arms have been burned. The area is charred and the patient states she has little pain in the burned area. What is the most likely classification of this patient's burns? A) full thickness B) superficial partial thickness C) deep partial thickness D) superficial - ANSWER ==A) full thickness You have responded to a 43 y/o male who was involved in an altercation. The patient was reportedly beaten about the face and head with a baseball bat. He is unresponsive. 30 Your patient is a 34 y/o male with a large laceration to the abdomen, and the abdominal organs are protruding from the wound. What is this type of injury called? A) evisceration B) avulsion C) protrusion D) contusion - ANSWER ==A) evisceration What is the best way to handle an amputated extremity? A) pack it in ice B) wrap it in plastic and place on ice C) wrap it in sterile dressings and keep it cool with ice D) place it in a container filled with saline - ANSWER ==C) wrap it in sterile dressings and keep it cool with ice You are transporting a trauma patient and notice their condition starts to deteriorate. What do you do? A) stop the ambulance and begin CPR B) tell your partner to drive faster; you need to get this patient to the hospital now C) reassess your patient D) call medical control - ANSWER ==C) reassess your patient You are transporting an unconscious patient. How often should you check their vitals? A) 5 mins B) 2-3 mins C) 10 mins D) 15 mins - ANSWER ==A) 5 mins What is the mnemonic for determining level of consciousness? A) OPQRST B) AVPU C) SAMPLE D) ABC - ANSWER ==B) AVPU Your patient is a 16 y/o male who fell approximately 15 feet. This call should be considered: A) not a traumatic emergency B) a traumatic emergency that requires airlifting the patient to the nearest level 1 trauma center C) a significant MOI D) not a significant MOI - ANSWER ==C) a significant MOI You are called to the scene of a pedestrian that has been struck by a car. Upon examination, you notice clear fluid leaking from the patient's ear that you believe to be CSF. This tells you that the patient may have suffered a: A) severe head injury B) basilar skull fracture 31 C) ruptured eardrum D) c-spine injury - ANSWER ==A) severe head injury