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Florida BRT Corrections Introduction to Corrections Test | Actual Questions
and Answers Latest Updated (Graded A+)
s. 943.10, F.S. - ✔✔law that defines a correctional officer correctional officer - ✔✔any person who is appointed or employed full time by the state or any political subdivision thereof, or by any private entity which has contracted with the state or county, and whose primary responsibility is the supervision, protection, care, custody, and control, or investigation, of inmates within a correctional institution personal characteristics supervisors look for in new officers include abilities to - ✔✔• work alone with little or no supervision
- perform tasks without getting distracted
- independently make decisions and stand by those decisions
- learn new techniques and procedures
- adapt to change without incurring undue stress
- be attentive to their environment
- be responsible for actions taken as well as the consequences of inaction
- interact appropriately with others Florida Administrative Code (FAC) - ✔✔the body of law that oversees public regulatory agencies Florida Model Jail Standards (FMJS) - ✔✔standards set by the Florida Sheriff's Association and with which all local jails must comply Florida Statutes and FAC - ✔✔the requirements and rules set out for officers who work for the Florida Department of Corrections and its entities are governed by Florida Statutes and FMJS - ✔✔officer who work for county agencies and facilities are governed by CJSTC - ✔✔Criminal Justice Standards and Training Commission
CJSTC was created to - ✔✔oversee the certification, employment, training, and conduct of the Florida law enforcement. correctional, and correctional probation officers; meets quarterly s. 943.12, F.S. - ✔✔explains the Commission's duties as follows:
- establish uniform minimum standards for the employment and training of full-time, part-time, and auxiliary law enforcement, correctional, and correctional probation officers
- establish and maintain officer training programs, curricula requirement , and certification of training schools and training school instructors
- certify officers who completed a Florida BRT Program or who are diversely qualified through experience and training and who met minimum employment standards
- review and administer appropriate administrative sanctions in instances when an officer, instructor, or training school is found to be in violation of the Florida Statutes and Commission standards
- set forth rules and procedures to administer the requirements of ss. 943.085-943.255, F.S.
- conduct studies of compensation, education, and training for correctional, correctional probation, and law enforcement disciplines
- maintain a central repository or records of all certified criminal justice officers
- develop, maintain, and administer the SOCE for criminal justice officers CJP - ✔✔Criminal Justice Professionalism Division FDLE - ✔✔Florida Department of Law Enforcement CJP and FDLE supports and assists the Commission's the - ✔✔the execution, administration, implementation, and evaluation of the Commission's powers, duties, and functions s. 943.13, F.S. - ✔✔sets minimum requirements and standards that a person must meet before being employed or appointed as a correctional officer nolo contendere - ✔✔when a person does not accept or deny responsibility for the charges but agrees to accept punishment
professionalism - ✔✔behavior that demonstrates good character and is marked by pride in self and career chain of command - ✔✔the order of authority within an organization; linking the authority and responsibility of one level of an organization to another organization - ✔✔a group of two or more people who cooperate to accomplish an objective or multiple objectives rank structure in a correctional setting - ✔✔• sheriff or warden
- undersheriff or assistant warden
- colonel or chief of security
- major
- captain
- lieutenant
- sergeant
- corporal
- deputy or officer insubordination - ✔✔failure to follow lawful orders from supervisors in your chain of command; a very serious offense criminal justice - ✔✔refers to the structure, functions, and decision-making processes of those agencies that deal with the management and control of crime and criminal offenders main components of the criminal justice system - ✔✔• law enforcement
- the court system
- corrections law enforcement - ✔✔responsible for enforcing and maintaining civil order
court system - ✔✔responsible for the interpretation of the laws - both federal and state corrections - ✔✔responsible for enforcing penalties as defined by the court system and for the care, custody, and control of inmates and pretrial detainees levels of law enforcement - ✔✔• local or municipal
- county
- state
- federal (U.S. government agencies) local or municipal law enforcement agencies - ✔✔enforce the ordinances of the municipality as well as state laws within the jurisdiction of the agency (i.e. city police departments and public safety departments) county law enforcement agencies - ✔✔enforce county ordinances and state laws within the county; traditionally, also handle unincorporated areas, the county jail, and civil processing (i.e. sheriff's office) state law enforcement agencies - ✔✔enforcing state laws within the state (i.e. Florida Department of Law Enforcement, the Florida Highway Patrol, and the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission) federal law enforcement agencies - ✔✔enforce federal laws across state lines and within the states (Federal Bureau of Investigation, the U.S. Marshals Service, and the U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement) court system in the United States - ✔✔• county
- state
- federal state judges - ✔✔elected or appointed by the governor
- Baker Act and Marchman Act cases
- issuance of search and arrest warrants within the circuit
- appeals from county county judgements, except when a state statute or provision of the state constitution is held invalid Florida district courts of appeal (DCA) - ✔✔ 5 district courts of appeal decide appeals from circuit courts in most criminal and civil cases Florida supreme court - ✔✔highest court in the state of Florida, consists of seven justices; hears cases including final orders imposing death sentences and appeals from lower state courts U.S federal court system - ✔✔• U.S District Courts
- Courts of Appeal
- Supreme Court of the United States U.S District Courts - ✔✔federal trial courts presided over by U.S district judges, assisted by magistrates magistrates - ✔✔appointed by district judges and issue warrants, make pretrial motions, and preside over some civil cases, misdemeanor trials, petty cases, and preliminary hearings Courts of Appeal - ✔✔formerly known as the Circuit Courts of Appeals, these courts make decisions on appeals from lower federal courts that are subject to review in the U.S. Supreme Court Supreme Court of the United States - ✔✔highest court in the United States and the chief authority in the judicial branch, one of three branches of the U.S federal government; hears appeals from the decisions of lower federal courts and state supreme courts and resolves issues of constitutional and federal law Florida correctional system - ✔✔• prison (federal and state)
- county jails
- county and municipal holding facilities
- treatment and evaluation centers
- probation, parole, and community control
- juvenile assessment/detention center prisons (federal and state) - ✔✔correctional institutions maintained by federal and state governments for the confinement of convicted felons county jails - ✔✔used for in-processing and temporary detention of defendants awaiting trial or disposition on federal or state charges and of convicted offenders sentenced to short-term detention (a year or less); may also hold convicted felons returned from prison for court appearances county and municipal holding facilities - ✔✔provide a place for detainees while booking procedures are completed or until transported to a county jail treatment and evaluation centers - ✔✔designed to meet the special needs of particular offenders; treatment centers deal with alcohol/drug abusers or mentally ill offenders probation, parole, and community control - ✔✔part of a community-based correctional system; supervise the enforcement of specific restrictions on people who have received an alternative to incarceration juvenile assessment/detention center - ✔✔juvenile suspects are taken to one of these facilities for processing and possible pretrial detention probation - ✔✔a court-ordered sentence that places a person under the supervision of a probation officer under specific court-ordered terms and conditions parole - ✔✔the release of an inmate from a correctional institution prior to the conclusion of the inmate's court-imposed sentence community control (house arrest) - ✔✔a form of closely monitored community supervision and is more restrictive than probation or parole
contraband - ✔✔any unauthorized article or any authorized article in excessive quantities or altered from its intended purpose probable cause - ✔✔a fair probability or reasonable grounds to believe that a crime was committed, based on the totality of the circumstances (all the factors known at the time) seizure - ✔✔the act of taking possession of contraband or evidence for a violation of rule or law types of searches - ✔✔• pat
- K- 9
- drug
- body scan
- metal detector miranda warnings - ✔✔provide the protections of the fifth amendment right against self-incrimination when a suspect in custody is interrogated in a criminal investigation certain retained rights inmates have - ✔✔freedom from excessive punishments; access to courts; legal counsel, including help from other inmates in preparation of writs, petitions, and other legal papers; and access to an adequate law library; freedom of expression, freedom from overcrowded conditions, freedom from unreasonable search and seizure, and freedom to worship and exercise religious beliefs; the right to exercise and fresh air, adequate medical treatment; correspondence through sending and receiving mail, including correspondence with the courts; and food that meets minimum nutritional standards HIPPA - ✔✔Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act sets standards that make it a violation to knowingly disclose the protected health information of inmates and detainees
Baker Act - ✔✔also known as the Florida Mental Health Act, provides for emergency services and temporary detention of a person for evaluation and voluntary or involuntary short-term community inpatient treatment, if necessary PREA - ✔✔Prison Rape Elimination Act of 2003, addresses the problem of sexual abuse of persons in the custody of federal, state, or local correctional agencies purpose of PREA - ✔✔to make rape prevention and awareness in a correctional setting a top priority; it develops an implements national standards for the detection, prevention, reduction, and punishment or prison rape privileged communication - ✔✔inmate communications that are given special privacy considerations, such as between an inmate and an attorney items identified as contraband in correctional facilities is ss. 944.47 and 951.22, F.S. - ✔✔currency or coins, tobacco products, controlled substances, nonprescribed drugs of any kind, or nature, articles of food or clothing that have been altered or are in excessive quantity, firearms or dangerous weapons, cell phones, or portable communication devices, or any item used to aid or effect an escape introduction of contraband - ✔✔a crime punishable by s. 944.47, F.S. that designates the introduction, taking, or sending, of articles defined as contraband into a correctional facility as a felony offense confiscated contraband - ✔✔may be destroyed , converted, or reused according to ss. 932.704 and 932.7055, F.S. criminal act - ✔✔a violation of the law felony - ✔✔any criminal offense punishable under Florida law by death or imprisonment in a state facility for more than one year misdemeanor - ✔✔any criminal offense punishable under Florida law by imprisonment for one year or less in a county correctional facility
documentary evidence - ✔✔printed or written evidence such as a call out log, written property receipt, letter, or recording chain of custody - ✔✔documentation of every person who handled evidence as well as when, why, and what changes, if any, were made to it; also issued to prove that the evidence submitted in court or at a disciplinary hearing is the same evidence that was collected at the crime scene chapter 776 and 944, F.S. - ✔✔govern all use of force by a correctional officer reasonable force - ✔✔the type and amount of force that the officer reasonable believes to be necessary to overcome resistance forms of resistance - ✔✔• resistance to a verbal command
- physical resistance Graham v. Connor, 490 U.S. 386 (1989) - ✔✔use of force cases are to be judges by an objective reasonableness standard; must be judged from the perspective of what a reasonable officer would do under the same circumstances without the benefit of hindsight objective reasonableness test - ✔✔requires the officer to answer two questions about the level of force used in any situation: (1) Was the action reasonable and necessary, and (2) was the amount of force applied reasonable and necessary Hudson v. McMillan, 503 U.S. 1 (1992) - ✔✔established that intent determines reasonableness in use of force situations in correctional settings s. 944.35, F.S. - ✔✔an employee of the department is authorized to apply physical force upon an inmate only when and to the extent that it reasonably appears necessary:
- to defend himself or herself or another against such other imminent [likely to occur] use of unlawful force
- to prevent a person from escaping from a state correctional institution when the officer reasonably believes that person is lawfully detained in such institution
- to prevent damage to property
- to quell [suppress] a disturbance
- to overcome physical resistance to a lawful command
- to administer medical treatment only by or under the supervision of a physician or his or her designee s. 776.07, F.S. - ✔✔a correctional officer or other law enforcement officer is justified in the use of force, including deadly force, which he or she reasonably believes to be necessary to prevent the escape from a penal institution of a person whom the officer reasonably believes to be lawfully detained in such institution under sentence for an offense or awaiting trial of commitment for an offense criminal liability - ✔✔occurs when an officer is found guilty of committing a crime civil liability - ✔✔responsibility for a wrongful act or failure to do an act that an officer has a duty to perform that injures another person or damages property; most often involves negligence tort - ✔✔a civil wrong in which the action or inaction of an officer or entity violates the rights of another person negligence - ✔✔failure to use due or reasonable care, in a situation where an officer has a duty to act, that results in harm to another you can be charged with "gross" negligence - ✔✔if you knew or should have known that an act or failure to act could cause serious bodily injury or death elements of negligence - ✔✔• duty to act with care
- breach of, failure to perform, that duty
- proof that the breach of duty caused damages
- actual damages resulted
acts justified under the law - ✔✔occurs in situations where case law or statutory law provides a defense for an officer's actions emergency doctrine - ✔✔when sudden peril requires spontaneous action, an officer is not required to use the same degree of care as when there is time to reflect limiting liability - ✔✔correctional agencies enact policies and procedures to help guide officers in performing their duties; these policies are carefully developed to ensure they comply with legal and ethical guidlelines
