Florida Civic Literacy Exam (FCLE), Exams of Biology

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Florida Civic Literacy

Exam (FCLE) Study

Guide (answers)

Which United States Supreme Court holding impacted the way that religious practice was approached in public schools? - answer Engel v. Vitale (1962) Which of the following correctly pairs a document with a core theme of that document? a) Declaration of Independence - Formed a state-centered government b) Magna Carta - Established the principle of rule of law c) U.S. Constitution - Formed a unitary government d) Articles of Confederation - Established the principle of consent of the governed - answer b What is the minimum number of members of the U.S. House of Representatives representing each state? - answer one

What is a purpose of civil rights movements? - answer to secure equalities What is the social contract? - answer The people give up some liberty to receive governmental protection. What is an example of representation? - answer The U.S. Congress passes a law. Who does a U.S. Senator represent? - answer the residents of a single state Which of the following documents provided a rationale for the Declaration of Independence? - answer Common Sense What are two natural rights identified in the Declaration of Independence? - answer life and liberty How many U.S. Senators represent each state? - answer two What is the length of a U.S. President's elected term? - answer four years What is one branch of the U.S. federal government? - answer legislative

What is an example of a power reserved to the states? - answer creating school systems Which statement from the English Bill of Rights is reflected in the U.S. Constitution's Eighth Amendment? - answer "That excessive bail ought not to be required... nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted;" According to the authors of the Declaration of Independence, who is responsible for protecting natural rights? - answer the government Who signs proposed bills into federal laws? - answer the President of the United States How many amendments does the U.S. Constitution currently have? - answer 27 What is an example of a democratic process? - answer The people elect a Governor. Which phrase from the English Bill of Rights (1689) is reflected in the U.S. Constitution's Third Amendment? - answer "That... keeping a standing army within the kingdom in time of peace... is against law"

Which scenario represents a violation of the Equal Protection Clause? - answer A state law establishes a higher minimum wage for men than for women. Which action is an example of petitioning the government? - answer lobbying officials What are the first two paragraphs of the Declaration of Independence called? - answer the Preamble Which part of government was created to reflect the colonists' position that governments derive their powers from the consent of the governed? - answer the legislature Which United States Supreme Court decision focused on how states count popular votes for president and vice president? - answer Bush v. Gore (2000) Which two steps are required in order for someone to become Chief Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court? - answer nomination by the President, confirmation by the Senate Which structure found in the U.S. Constitution was included as a response to a concern expressed in the Declaration of Independence? - answer separation of powers

In what 1620 document do the writers form a "civil body politic"? - answer the Mayflower Compact Which government officials are elected by the people? - answer mayors Which phrase in the U.S. Constitution addresses the power to seize property? - answer eminent domain What is the purpose of the Seventeenth Amendment? - answer to promote democratic participation Which document represents the supreme law of the land? - answer the U.S. Constitution Which is a core theme of the Federalist Papers? - answer The proposed Constitution should be ratified. Which document was adopted by the newly independent United States to organize the national government after declaring independence? - answer the Articles of Confederation Which is a core theme of the Anti-Federalist Papers? - answer Government should support enumerated individual rights.

If both the U.S. President and the U.S. Vice President are unable to serve, who acts as president? - answer the Speaker of the House Which right from the English Bill of Rights is reflected in the U.S. Constitution's First Amendment? - answer "to petition the king" Who is Commander in Chief of the military? - answer the President What is one power of the U.S. Senate? - answer ratify international treaties What is popular sovereignty? - answer rule by the people What did the Declaration of Independence do? - answer declared independence from Great Britain What is the "rule of law"? - answer No one is above the law. Which of the following pairs of cases impacted First Amendment rights?

• answer Texas v. Johnson (1989) and Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier (1988) How did the U.S. Constitution resolve the dispute between slave and free states over representation? - answer Three-Fifths Compromise

Which of the following cases impacted interpretation of the Fourteenth Amendment? - answer Brown v. Board of Education (1954) Which phrase from a letter written by Sarah Grimké in 1837 is reflected in the Fourteenth Amendment? - answer "I ask no favors for my sex. I surrender not our claim to equality." Which United States Supreme Court case focused on whether an enslaved person, having lived in free territory, should be free? - answer Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857) Which United States Supreme Court decision resulted in reduced power for state governments? - answer Roe v. Wade (1973) Which United States Supreme Court decision was based on the Free Exercise Clause? - answer West Virginia v. Barnette (1943) What is the purpose of the Selective Service System? - answer to draft for compulsory military service Which of the following is a right reserved for U.S. citizens only? - answer running for federal office Which of the following represents the goal of the Supremacy Clause? - answer States may not pass laws that conflict with federal laws.

What is an example of federalism? - answer the principle that the national and state governments share power What is the first phrase of the U.S. Constitution? - answer "We the people of the United States, in order to form a more perfect union" What is one chamber of the U.S. Congress? - answer Senate How did the holding in the United States Supreme Court case Miranda v. Arizona (1966) impact criminal defendants? - answer It established that defendants were protected against self-incrimination. How did District of Columbia v. Heller (2008) impact states' rights? - answer It reduced the ability of states to place restrictions on Second Amendment rights. Which of the following cases reinforced the power of the courts? - answer Marbury v. Madison (1803) What are the first ten amendments to the U.S. Constitution called? - answer the Bill of Rights Which of the following was established by a constitutional amendment?

• answer The President may serve no more than two elected terms.

Which of the following cases held that reproductive rights were an element of the right to privacy under the Bill of Rights and the Fourteenth Amendment? - answer Roe v. Wade (1973) The colonists used a political cartoon with the caption "Join or Die" to support which action? - answer forming their own government Which United States Supreme Court case held that persons accused of crimes must be advised of their Fifth and Sixth Amendment rights upon their arrest? - answer Miranda v. Arizona (1966) Which of the following cases reinforced the federal government's authority to run a federal institution without interference by a state? - answer McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) What is one qualification to serve as a member of the U.S. House of Representatives? - answer be at least 25 years old Which of the following documents provided an outline for a state- centered government? - answer Articles of Confederation Which phrase is included in the Declaration of Independence? - answer "all men are created equal"

What is one right included in the First Amendment? - answer free speech Which Supreme Court ruling held that the authors of the U.S. Constitution did not intend for African Americans to be U.S. citizens? - answer Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857) What stops one branch of government from becoming too powerful? - answer checks and balances What is the highest federal court in the United States? - answer the Supreme Court