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(FORTIS) NUR208 MENTAL HEALTH NURSING COMPREHENSIVE FINAL EXAM Q & S 2024, Exams of Nursing

(FORTIS) NUR208 MENTAL HEALTH NURSING COMPREHENSIVE FINAL EXAM Q & S 2024(FORTIS) NUR208 MENTAL HEALTH NURSING COMPREHENSIVE FINAL EXAM Q & S 2024(FORTIS) NUR208 MENTAL HEALTH NURSING COMPREHENSIVE FINAL EXAM Q & S 2024(FORTIS) NUR208 MENTAL HEALTH NURSING COMPREHENSIVE FINAL EXAM Q & S 2024

Typology: Exams

2023/2024

Available from 05/03/2024

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NUR 208

Mental Health Nursing

Comprehensive Final

Exam

Q & S

  1. A patient with bipolar disorder is experiencing a manic episode. Which medication would be most appropriate for acute management? A. Lithium B. Haloperidol C. Sertraline D. Lorazepam Answer: B. Haloperidol Rationale: Haloperidol is an antipsychotic that is effective in managing acute mania and controlling symptoms such as delusions and hyperactivity.
  2. A nurse is planning care for a patient with schizophrenia. Which outcome is most important for a patient experiencing negative symptoms? A. The patient will engage in social activities. B. The patient will not experience hallucinations. C. The patient will maintain a healthy weight. D. The patient will adhere to medication regimen. Answer: A. The patient will engage in social activities. Rationale: Negative symptoms include social withdrawal and anhedonia. Engaging in social activities indicates improvement in these areas.
  3. When assessing a patient with an anxiety disorder, which symptom would the nurse prioritize? A. Muscle tension B. Sleep disturbances C. Panic attacks D. Obsessive thoughts Answer: C. Panic attacks Rationale: While all are common symptoms of anxiety

disorders, panic attacks can be debilitating and are a priority for immediate intervention.

  1. A patient with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is having flashbacks. What is the first-line treatment? A. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) B. Antidepressants C. Benzodiazepines D. Group therapy Answer: A. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) Rationale: CBT, specifically exposure therapy, is considered the first-line treatment for PTSD as it helps patients process and integrate traumatic memories.
  2. Which intervention is most appropriate for a patient with major depressive disorder who has low self-esteem? A. Daily exercise program B. Group therapy sessions C. Cognitive restructuring techniques D. Increased social activities Answer: C. Cognitive restructuring techniques Rationale: Cognitive restructuring is part of cognitive- behavioral therapy and helps patients challenge and change negative beliefs about themselves.
  3. A nurse is caring for a patient with borderline personality disorder. What is the most effective communication technique? A. Setting clear boundaries B. Offering reassurance C. Validating feelings D. Encouraging independence Answer: A. Setting clear boundaries Rationale: Clear boundaries help manage the intense and

unstable interpersonal relationships characteristic of borderline personality disorder.

  1. What is a common side effect of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) that nurses should monitor for in patients with depression? A. Hypertension B. Sexual dysfunction C. Weight gain D. Insomnia Answer: B. Sexual dysfunction Rationale: Sexual dysfunction is a common and often distressing side effect of SSRIs that can affect compliance with treatment.
  2. A patient with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is prescribed clomipramine. What is the primary action of this medication? A. It decreases dopamine levels. B. It increases norepinephrine levels. C. It inhibits the reuptake of serotonin. D. It modulates glutamate pathways. Answer: C. It inhibits the reuptake of serotonin. Rationale: Clomipramine is a tricyclic antidepressant that primarily inhibits the reuptake of serotonin, which is effective in treating OCD symptoms.
  3. Which therapeutic approach is most beneficial for a patient with anorexia nervosa? A. Psychodynamic therapy B. Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) C. Family-based therapy D. Interpersonal therapy

Answer: C. Family-based therapy Rationale: Family-based therapy is effective for anorexia nervosa, particularly in adolescents, as it involves the family in treatment and addresses the patient's need for control over eating.

  1. A patient with a dual diagnosis of substance abuse and depression is most at risk for which complication? A. Medication non-compliance B. Self-harm behaviors C. Somatic symptom disorder D. Delirium Answer: B. Self-harm behaviors Rationale: Patients with co-occurring depression and substance abuse have an increased risk of self-harm and suicidal ideation.
  2. What is the primary focus of cognitive therapy for patients with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)? A. Identifying and challenging irrational fears B. Developing coping strategies for stress C. Improving problem-solving skills D. Enhancing self-esteem Answer: A. Identifying and challenging irrational fears Rationale: Cognitive therapy for GAD focuses on identifying irrational fears and cognitive distortions that contribute to anxiety.
  3. A nurse is educating a patient with bipolar disorder about mood stabilizers. Which statement by the patient indicates a need for further teaching? A. "I should monitor for signs of lithium toxicity, like tremors or confusion." B. "I can stop taking the medication when I feel better." C. "I need regular blood tests to check the medication levels." D. "It's important to maintain a consistent salt intake."

Answer: B. "I can stop taking the medication when I feel better." Rationale: Mood stabilizers need to be taken consistently, even when symptoms improve, to prevent relapse.

  1. What is the most effective intervention for a patient experiencing acute psychosis? A. Reality orientation B. Psychosocial interventions C. Pharmacological treatment D. Supportive psychotherapy Answer: C. Pharmacological treatment Rationale: Acute psychosis often requires pharmacological intervention to manage symptoms and stabilize the patient.
  2. A patient with dementia is experiencing agitation. Which non- pharmacological intervention should the nurse try first? A. Restraints B. Diversion activities C. Increased social interaction D. Sensory deprivation Answer: B. Diversion activities Rationale: Non-pharmacological interventions, like diversion activities, are preferred to manage agitation in dementia patients and can reduce the
  3. What is the primary goal of cognitive-behavioral therapy in the treatment of depression? A) To explore past trauma B) To challenge negative thought patterns C) To reduce physical symptoms D) To increase social support

Answer: B) To challenge negative thought patterns Rationale: Cognitive-behavioral therapy focuses on changing negative thought patterns.

  1. Which of the following medications is commonly prescribed for the treatment of bipolar disorder? A) Prozac B) Lithium C) Xanax D) Zoloft Answer: B) Lithium Rationale: Lithium is a common medication used to treat bipolar disorder.
  2. What is the primary responsibility of a mental health nurse in a crisis intervention setting? A) Administering medication B) Providing emotional support C) Creating a treatment plan D) Monitoring vital signs Answer: B) Providing emotional support Rationale: Emotional support is a key aspect of crisis intervention.
  3. Which of the following assessment tools is commonly used to assess suicidality in psychiatric patients? A) Beck Depression Inventory B) Mini-Mental State Exam C) Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression D) Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale Answer: D) Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale Rationale: The Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale is specifically designed to assess suicidality.
  1. Which of the following is a symptom of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)? A) Hypomania B) Panic attacks C) Manic episodes D) Disorganized thinking Answer: B) Panic attacks Rationale: Panic attacks are a common symptom of PTSD.
  2. What is the primary purpose of psychodynamic therapy? A) To provide coping skills B) To explore unconscious thoughts and emotions C) To challenge negative beliefs D) To improve social skills Answer: B) To explore unconscious thoughts and emotions Rationale: Psychodynamic therapy focuses on exploring unconscious thoughts and emotions.
  3. Which of the following is a common side effect of antipsychotic medications? A) Hypertension B) Weight loss C) Muscle stiffness D) Insomnia Answer: C) Muscle stiffness Rationale: Muscle stiffness is a common side effect of antipsychotic medications.
  4. Which of the following is NOT a key principle of trauma- informed care? A) Safety B) Empowerment C) Avoidance

D) Trustworthiness Answer: C) Avoidance Rationale: Avoidance is not a key principle of trauma-informed care.

  1. What is the primary goal of dialectical behavior therapy (DBT)? A) To explore past trauma B) To challenge negative thought patterns C) To improve emotion regulation D) To increase social support Answer: C) To improve emotion regulation Rationale: DBT focuses on improving emotion regulation.
  2. Which of the following is a common symptom of borderline personality disorder? A) Apathy B) Impulsivity C) Psychosis D) Hypochondriasis Answer: B) Impulsivity Rationale: Impulsivity is a common symptom of borderline personality disorder.
  3. Which of the following medications is commonly prescribed for the treatment of anxiety disorders? A) Ritalin B) Ativan C) Adderall D) Wellbutrin Answer: B) Ativan Rationale: Ativan is a common medication used to treat anxiety disorders.
  1. What is the primary responsibility of a mental health nurse in the assessment of a suicidal patient? A) Administering medication B) Monitoring vital signs C) Providing emotional support D) Assessing suicide risk Answer: D) Assessing suicide risk Rationale: Assessing suicide risk is a crucial responsibility in the assessment of a suicidal patient.
  2. Which of the following assessment tools is commonly used to assess anxiety symptoms in psychiatric patients? A) Beck Anxiety Inventory B) Mini-Mental State Exam C) Geriatric Depression Scale D) Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale Answer: A) Beck Anxiety Inventory Rationale: The Beck Anxiety Inventory is specifically designed to assess anxiety symptoms.
  3. Which of the following is a symptom of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)? A) Agoraphobia B) Hoarding C) Claustrophobia D) Generalized anxiety Answer: B) Hoarding Rationale: Hoarding is a common symptom of OCD.
  4. What is the primary purpose of psychosocial rehabilitation in mental health nursing? A) To provide medication management

B) To improve social functioning C) To address acute symptoms D) To provide crisis intervention Answer: B) To improve social functioning Rationale: Psychosocial rehabilitation focuses on improving social functioning.

  1. Which of the following is a common side effect of antidepressant medications? A) Weight gain B) Hypotension C) Agitation D) Tachycardia Answer: A) Weight gain Rationale: Weight gain is a common side effect of antidepressant medications.
  2. Which of the following is NOT a core principle of motivational interviewing? A) Collaboration B) Evocation C) Confrontation D) Autonomy Answer: C) Confrontation Rationale: Confrontation is not a core principle of motivational interviewing.
  3. What is the primary goal of family therapy in the treatment of mental illness? A) To provide individual psychotherapy B) To improve family communication C) To address acute symptoms D) To improve medication compliance

Answer: B) To improve family communication Rationale: Family therapy focuses on improving family communication.

  1. Which of the following is a common symptom of substance use disorder? A) Hypoactivity B) Euphoria C) Psychomotor retardation D) Alogia Answer: B) Euphoria Rationale: Euphoria is a common symptom of substance use disorder.
  2. What is the primary responsibility of a mental health nurse in the management of medication side effects? A) Providing emotional support B) Monitoring vital signs C) Educating the patient D) Consulting with the prescribing physician Answer: C) Educating the patient Rationale: Educating the patient about medication side effects is a key responsibility.
  3. Which of the following assessment tools is commonly used to assess cognitive function in psychiatric patients? A) Beck Depression Inventory B) Mini-Mental State Exam C) Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression D) Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale Answer: B) Mini-Mental State Exam Rationale: The Mini-Mental State Exam is specifically designed to assess cognitive function.
  1. Which of the following is a symptom of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)? A) Panic attacks B) Social phobia C) Hypervigilance D) Auditory hallucinations Answer: C) Hypervigilance Rationale: Hypervigilance is a common symptom of GAD.
  2. What is the primary goal of mindfulness-based therapy in the treatment of mental illness? A) To challenge negative thought patterns B) To improve emotion regulation C) To increase self-awareness D) To reduce physical symptoms Answer: C) To increase self-awareness Rationale: Mindfulness-based therapy focuses on increasing self- awareness.
  3. Which of the following is a common side effect of mood stabilizer medications? A) Hypertension B) Weight loss C) Thrombocytopenia D) Tremors Answer: D) Tremors Rationale: Tremors are a common side effect of mood stabilizer medications.
  4. Which of the following is NOT an evidence-based practice in mental health nursing? A) Cognitive-behavioral therapy

B) Electroconvulsive therapy C) Dialectical behavior therapy D) Shamanic healing Answer: D) Shamanic healing Rationale: Shamanic healing is not an evidence-based practice in mental health nursing.

  1. What is the primary responsibility of a mental health nurse in the assessment of a patient with a history of trauma? A) Administering medication B) Providing emotional support C) Assessing for dissociation D) Monitoring vital signs Answer: C) Assessing for dissociation Rationale: Assessing for dissociation is a key responsibility in the assessment of trauma.
  2. Which of the following assessment tools is commonly used to assess symptoms of trauma in psychiatric patients? A) Beck Depression Inventory B) PCL- 5 C) Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression D) Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale Answer: B) PCL- 5 Rationale: The PCL-5 is specifically designed to assess symptoms of trauma.
  3. Which of the following is a symptom of attention- deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)? A) Obsessive thoughts B) Impulsivity C) Night terrors D) Paranoia

Answer: B) Impulsivity Rationale: Impulsivity is a common symptom of ADHD.

  1. What is the primary goal of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) therapy? A) To explore past trauma B) To challenge negative thought patterns C) To increase emotional regulation D) To process traumatic memories Answer: D) To process traumatic memories Rationale: EMDR therapy focuses on processing traumatic memories.
  2. Which of the following is a common side effect of antianxiety medications? A) Weight gain B) Hypotension C) Drowsiness D) Tachycardia Answer: C) Drowsiness Rationale: Drowsiness is a common side effect of antianxiety medications.
  3. Which of the following is a key component of recovery- oriented care in mental health nursing? A) Medication compliance B) Hospitalization C) Self-determination D) Symptom reduction Answer: C) Self-determination Rationale: Self-determination is a key component of recovery- oriented care.
  1. What is the primary responsibility of a mental health nurse in the assessment of a patient experiencing psychosis? A) Administering medication B) Providing emotional support C) Assessing for safety D) Monitoring vital signs Answer: C) Assessing for safety Rationale: Assessing for safety is a crucial responsibility in the assessment of psychosis.
  2. Which of the following assessment tools is commonly used to assess symptoms of psychosis in psychiatric patients? A) Beck Depression Inventory B) Mini-Mental State Exam C) Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale D) Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale Answer: C) Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale Rationale: The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale is specifically designed to assess symptoms of psychosis.
  3. Which of the following is a symptom of schizophrenia? A) Hypomania B) Panic attacks C) Delusions D) Compulsions Answer: C) Delusions Rationale: Delusions are a common symptom of schizophrenia.
  4. What is the primary goal of peer support in mental health nursing? A) To provide medication management B) To improve social support C) To address acute symptoms

D) To provide crisis intervention Answer: B) To improve social support Rationale: Peer support focuses on improving social support.

  1. Which of the following is a common side effect of antipsychotic medications? A) Weight loss B) Hypotension C) Muscle stiffness D) Insomnia Answer: C) Muscle stiffness Rationale: Muscle stiffness is a common side effect of antipsychotic medications.
  2. Which of the following is NOT a key principle of trauma- informed care? A) Safety B) Empowerment C) Avoidance D) Trustworthiness Answer: C) Avoidance Rationale: Avoidance is not a key principle of trauma-informed care.
  3. What is the primary goal of cognitive-behavioral therapy in the treatment of anxiety disorders? A) To explore past trauma B) To challenge negative thought patterns C) To reduce physical symptoms D) To increase social support Answer: B) To challenge negative thought patterns Rationale: Cognitive-behavioral therapy focuses on changing negative thought patterns.
  1. Which of the following is a common symptom of bipolar disorder? A) Apathy B) Manic episodes C) Panic attacks D) Insomnia Answer: B) Manic episodes Rationale: Manic episodes are a common symptom of bipolar disorder. Question: A patient with schizophrenia is exhibiting signs of catatonia. Which of the following interventions should the nurse prioritize? A) Administering antipsychotic medication B) Providing reality orientation C) Initiating therapeutic communication D) Implementing safety measures Answer: D) Implementing safety measures Rationale: In cases of catatonia, patient safety is the top priority to prevent harm to the patient or others. Question: A patient with bipolar disorder is in the manic phase. What nursing intervention is most appropriate? A) Encouraging socialization B) Setting strict limits on behavior C) Allowing the patient to make decisions independently D) Limiting physical activity Answer: B) Setting strict limits on behavior Rationale: In the manic phase, patients may engage in risky behaviors, so setting limits is essential to ensure safety. Question: A patient with major depressive disorder has suicidal

ideation. What is the nurse's immediate action? A) Inform the patient's family B) Place the patient on one-to-one observation C) Encourage the patient to talk about their feelings D) Administer a sedative medication Answer: B) Place the patient on one-to-one observation Rationale: Suicidal ideation requires close monitoring to prevent self-harm. Question: A patient with an eating disorder refuses to eat. What approach should the nurse take? A) Use a firm approach to encourage eating B) Offer a variety of food choices C) Allow the patient to skip meals if desired D) Involve the patient in meal planning Answer: D) Involve the patient in meal planning Rationale: Involving the patient in meal planning empowers them to take control of their eating habits. Question: A patient with PTSD is experiencing a flashback. What should the nurse do? A) Administer a sedative B) Ground the patient in the present C) Encourage the patient to talk about the flashback D) Leave the patient alone to calm down Answer: B) Ground the patient in the present Rationale: Grounding techniques help bring the patient back to reality during a flashback. Question: A patient with substance use disorder is admitted for detoxification. Which symptom should the nurse monitor closely for potential complications? A) Hypertension

B) Hyperglycemia C) Delirium tremens D) Bradypnea Answer: C) Delirium tremens Rationale: Delirium tremens is a severe complication of alcohol withdrawal that requires immediate intervention. Question: A patient with OCD is fixated on handwashing. How should the nurse respond? A) Encourage the patient to wash hands frequently B) Provide positive reinforcement for handwashing behavior C) Assist the patient in developing coping strategies D) Restrict access to soap and water Answer: C) Assist the patient in developing coping strategies Rationale: Helping the patient develop coping strategies can reduce the compulsive behavior. Question: A patient with borderline personality disorder exhibits self-harming behavior. What is the nurse's priority? A) Confront the patient about the behavior B) Implement a behavioral contract C) Ensure a safe environment D) Encourage the patient to express emotions Answer: C) Ensure a safe environment Rationale: Safety is paramount when dealing with self-harming behaviors. Question: A patient with schizophrenia is experiencing auditory hallucinations. How should the nurse respond? A) Ignore the hallucinations B) Acknowledge the patient's experience C) Provide distractions to reduce hallucinations D) Administer antipsychotic medication immediately

Answer: B) Acknowledge the patient's experience Rationale: Validating the patient's experience can help build trust and rapport. Question: A patient with dementia is agitated and aggressive. What intervention should the nurse implement? A) Administer a sedative medication B) Use physical restraints to prevent harm C) Provide a calming environment D) Restrict visitors to reduce stimulation Answer: C) Provide a calming environment Rationale: Creating a calming environment can help reduce agitation in patients with dementia. Question: A patient with schizophrenia is non-compliant with medication. How can the nurse promote medication adherence? A) Threaten consequences for non-compliance B) Educate the patient about the importance of medication C) Administer medication covertly D) Discontinue the medication if the patient refuses Answer: B) Educate the patient about the importance of medication Rationale: Patient education is key to promoting medication adherence. Question: A patient with PTSD avoids situations that trigger traumatic memories. What nursing intervention is most appropriate? A) Encourage the patient to face their fears B) Allow the patient to avoid triggering situations C) Provide exposure therapy immediately D) Refer the patient to a support group Answer: A) Encourage the patient to face their fears

Rationale: Gradual exposure to triggers is a key component of PTSD treatment. Question: A patient with depression is prescribed an SSRI. What information should the nurse provide about the medication? A) Onset of action may take several weeks B) Side effects include sedation and weight gain C) The medication should be stopped abruptly if side effects occur D) Taking the medication with alcohol enhances its effects Answer: A) Onset of action may take several weeks Rationale: SSRIs often require several weeks to reach full effectiveness. Question: A patient with anxiety disorder experiences panic attacks. What coping mechanism should the nurse teach the patient? A) Avoiding situations that trigger anxiety B) Deep breathing exercises C) Self-medicating with over-the-counter drugs D) Engaging in strenuous physical activity during an attack Answer: B) Deep breathing exercises Rationale: Deep breathing can help reduce the intensity of panic attacks. Question: A patient with schizophrenia exhibits disorganized speech patterns. How can the nurse facilitate communication? A) Complete the patient's sentences to aid understanding B) Use open-ended questions to encourage expression C) Redirect the conversation to unrelated topics D) Speak rapidly to match the patient's pace Answer: B) Use open-ended questions to encourage expression Rationale: Open-ended questions promote communication and

allow the patient to express themselves. Question: A patient with substance use disorder relapses after discharge. What should the nurse do? A) Express disappointment in the patient's behavior B) Provide emotional support and encourage re-engagement in treatment C) Discharge the patient from the program D) Increase monitoring and impose stricter rules Answer: B) Provide emotional support and encourage re- engagement in treatment Rationale: Support and encouragement are crucial for patients experiencing relapse. Question: A patient with OCD engages in ritualistic behaviors. How can the nurse help the patient manage these rituals? A) Encourage the patient to continue the rituals B) Set a time limit for each ritual C) Participate in the rituals with the patient D) Discourage the patient from performing the rituals Answer: B) Set a time limit for each ritual Rationale: Setting limits on ritualistic behaviors can help gradually reduce their frequency. Question: A patient with bipolar disorder is experiencing a depressive episode. What nursing intervention is most appropriate? A) Encouraging social activities B) Allowing the patient to isolate themselves C) Monitoring for signs of mania D) Providing emotional support and empathy Answer: D) Providing emotional support and empathy Rationale: Emotional support is crucial during depressive

episodes to help the patient cope. Question: A patient with schizophrenia refuses to attend group therapy sessions. How can the nurse encourage participation? A) Force the patient to attend against their will B) Provide incentives for attending sessions C) Allow the patient to skip sessions if they choose D) Discontinue group therapy for the patient Answer: B) Provide incentives for attending sessions Rationale: Positive reinforcement can motivate patients to engage in therapy. Question: A patient with Alzheimer's disease becomes agitated in the evening (sundowning). What intervention should the nurse implement? A) Administer a sedative to promote sleep B) Provide a nightlight in the patient's room C) Restrict fluids in the evening D) Keep the patient in a dark room to promote relaxation Answer: B) Provide a nightlight in the patient's room Rationale: Providing a nightlight can reduce confusion and agitation during sundowning episodes.