Foundations of Substance Abuse (PCN-100) Final Exam Study Guide, Exams of Advanced Education

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Final Exam Study Guide - Foundations

of Substance Abuse (PCN- 100)

Dependence - Answer- An addiction. This can be physical, psychological, or chemical. Withdrawal - Answer- group of symptoms that occur upon the abrupt discontinuation or decrease in intake of substances Neurotransmitters - Answer- a chemical substance that is released at the end of a nerve fiber by the arrival of a nerve impulse Brain systems with substance abuse - Answer- Person will do substance or behavior that produces pleasure and takes away pain. Several neurotransmitters (e.g., glutamate) and hormones (e.g., insulin) are core factors in this desire to produce pleasure and reduce painful affects Warning signs of relapse/relapse prevention - Answer- Negative emotions that stimulate drug seeking behavior. Example: entering back into areas where they used to use, hanging out with people they used to hag out with, letting emotions overtake them, feelings of stress or loneliness. Confidentiality - Answer- The regulations around when a professional can and cannot share information that has been told to them by a client. HIPPAA - Answer- Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996) is United States legislation that provides data privacy and security provisions for protecting medical information. FERPA - Answer- The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA) is a Federal law that protects the privacy of student education records. CFR-42 - Answer- Regulations pertaining to confidentiality DSM & substance use disorders - Answer- Diagnostic Statistical Manual and how this manual determines the severity of substance use disorders. Difference of DSM IV & V - Answer- Binge eating, sleep apnoea, sexual addiction, hoarding, skin picking, caffeine and cannabis withdrawal. Others, look up. Process addictions - Answer- Addictions to activities or processes such as gambling, eating, tanning, video/gaming, spending or sex

Clinical supervision and supervisee - Answer- Client-directed therapy - Answer- 7 steps to ethical decision-making (ACA) - Answer- NAADAC morals - Answer- NAADAC principles - Answer- Veracity, Justice, Beneficence, Fidelity and Non- maleficence NAADAC definitions - Answer- National Association for Alcoholism and Drug Abuse Counselors Veracity - Answer- Be true and honest Justice - Answer- Be fair Beneficence - Answer- Do good Fidelity - Answer- Be faithful and trustworthy Non-maleficence - Answer- Do not harm Motivational Interviewing and stages of change - Answer- Client centered, directive approach, heavily on the language of the therapist. Assessing and treating the client in the stage of change where they are Transtheoretical model and diagnostic review - Answer- Boundary violations - Answer- Ex: Harmful to the client, possible exploitation of the client. I.e.: Having sexual relations with a client Boundary crossings - Answer- Ex: deviations from standard therapeutic practice, but not harmful. I.e.: Asking a client out to coffee, and paying for it. Dual relationships - Answer- Ex: Relationships that extend pass client-professional relations. I.e.: Going on a date with a client, going out to the bar after sessions, knowing the client previously and still engaging in therapy with them. Biopsychosocial spiritual intake interview - Answer- medical, psycho-mental health, social-relationship, family environmental influences, and spiritually is the belief in the relationship greater than themselves. All of these aspects make up the individual, therefore it is important to take all into consideration when making treatment plans.

Roles and Competencies of a Counselor - Answer- Rapport - Answer- Initial trust that is made between the client(s) and the counselor. Empathy - Answer- Active listening - Answer- OARS - Answer- Assessment tools - Answer- Tools that allow for the counselor to understand the clients strengths and challenges Interviewing strategies - Answer- Language of the therapist - Answer- Client-directed approaches to therapy - Answer- Common assessment tools for alcohol and substance - Answer- Screening instruments - Answer- CAGE - Answer- AUDIT - Answer- SASSI - Answer- SBIRT - Answer- Screening, Brief Interventions, Referral to Treatment DAST - Answer- Addiction treatment - Answer- Importance of understanding cultural, religious, gender, sexual orientation or disabilities in substance use disorder - Answer- In assessment, it is important for the counselor to understand the client's background because each client will have a unique treatment style depending on their own upbringings and what they are used to culturally. Importance of understanding multicultural issues for client and counselor - Answer- Counselor awareness of own cultural values and biases, awareness of client's worldview and culturally appropriate intervention and strategies. Primary prevention program - Answer- Programs that target problem behavior before symptoms occur

Secondary prevention program - Answer- Designed for people who have already demonstrated problematic behavior Tertiary prevention programs - Answer- Programs that focus to divert drug offenders to treatment and recovery programs other than jail, to brake the cycle of drug offenders in jail. Impact of addictions on children and families - Answer- Fetal alcohol syndrome - Answer- Barriers for a person with disabilities in additions treatment - Answer- Moral model - Answer- Psychological model - Answer- Family models - Answer- Family members are influential in motivation positive change and the addict to get sober. Disease Model - Answer- The addiction disease is chronic and incurable. "recovering rather than recovered". Public health model - Answer- mental health, including the treatment of addiction, was a public rather than a private issue. Addiction was the impact of social issues. Developmental model - Answer- applying a developmental framework to understand the factors that increase or decrease risks for the individual to use or misuse drugs. Biological models - Answer- addicts are constitutionally predisposed to develop dependence on drugs to do genetics. Sociocultural model - Answer- The reason an individual uses and engages in harmful relationship is due to their sociocultural surroundings. Multicasual models - Answer- addictions is not caused by a single factor, usually questions the reasons addicts became addicted in the first place and gives more options. Behavioral Model - Answer- Learned behavior to use the substance or engage in harmful behavior