FTCE ESE Exam K-12 Study Guide for 2024-2025, Exams of Nursing

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FTCE (Florida Teacher Certification

Examination) ESE EXAM K-12 Questions

and Answers Best Graded A+ 2024-

Morphology - Answer: The system that governs the structure of words Morpheme - Answer: The smallest meaningful unit of speech Phonology - Answer: The use of sounds to make meaningful syllables and words

Semantics - Answer: Refers to the meaning of what is expressed Syntax - Answer: Provides rules for putting together a series of words to form sentences Least Restrictive Environment (LRE) - Answer: An IDEA principle that requires that students with disabilities be educated to the maximum extent appropriate with students who do not have a disability and they be removed from regular education settings only when the nature or severity of their disability cannot be addressed with the use of supplementary aids and services. Echolalia - Answer: A form of communication in which a student echoes other people's language by constantly repeating a portion of what he or she hears. Formative Assessment - Answer: Assessment for learning in which the focus is on monitoring student responses and progress with instruction. This provides immediate feedback for both student and teacher Summative Assessment - Answer: Evaluation at the conclusion of a unit or units of instruction or an activity or plan to determine or judge student skills and knowledge or effectiveness of a a plan or activity Motor Excess - Answer: This has to do with over activity, or hyperactivity, in physical movement.

Duration - Answer: The length of time a particular behavior continues; measured by timing the behavior from start to finish Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD) - Answer: Is not a separate disability area in IDEA; students with this disorder may qualify for special education services under the "Other Health Impairment" area, if the disability is significant enough to require special education support Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet - Answer: The first American school for students who were deaf was founded in 1817 by this man The Normalization Movement - Answer: The movement towards serving as many children with disabilities as possible in the regular classroom with supports and services grew out of Community-based instruction - Answer: Teaching children functional skills that will be useful in their home life and neighborhoods is the basis of this type of instruction Multiple Intelligence - Answer: The learning theory that emphasizes at least seven different ways in which a student can learn Pre-Operational - Answer: In Piaget's theory, the stage (2 - 6 years old) during which a child learns to use language but does not yet comprehend the mental

operations of concrete logic. - No logical reasoning, only representation of things with words and images. Ex. Pretend Play, egocentrism, language development Sensory Motor - Answer: In Piaget's first stage (Birth to Approx. age 2) in which schema are developed through sensory and motor activities. Concrete Operational - Answer: In Piaget's theory, the stage of cognitive development (from about 6 or 7 to 11 years of age) during which children gain the mental operations that enable them to think logically about concrete events Formal Operational - Answer: In Piaget's theory, the stage of cognitive development (normally beginning about age 12) during which people begin to think logically about abstract concepts Criterion-based Assessment - Answer: This type of test measures a student's knowledge of specific content, usually related to classroom instruction Career Preparation - Answer: Specific training and preparation required for the world of work occurs during the phase of Career Awareness - Answer: Career decision consciousness facilitated through a self-examination of values, abilities, preferences, knowledge of occupations and life roles, and interests

Career Exploration - Answer: The process of assessing strengths and weaknesses and how they relate to finding employment, and other steps include the creation of a resume, cover letter, and other interview tools and techniques. Norm-referenced Test - Answer: An individual's performance is compared to the group that was used to calculate the performance standards Ecological Assessment - Answer: An assessment protocol that acknowledges complex interrelationships between environment and behavior - a method for obtaining data across multiple settings and persons Achievement Test - Answer: A test that measures mastery of specific skills Proximity Control - Answer: The management of classroom behavior by moving throughout the classroom and being physically close to students Assertive Discipline - Answer: An approach to classroom management that promotes a clear and firm response style with students Token Economy - Answer: An operant conditioning procedure in which people earn a token of some sort for exhibiting a desired behavior and can later exchange the tokens for various privileges or treats Planned Ignoring - Answer: A classroom management technique where the teacher determines that an inappropriate behavior is ignored

Pragmatics - Answer: This area of language involves the way that language is used to communicate and interact with others Mild IQ Scores of 50-55 to 70 - Answer: - Delays in most areas (communication, motor, academic)

• Often not distinguished from normal children until of school age
• Can acquire both academic and vocational skills; can be self-supporting Moderate IQ Scores of 35-40 to 50-55 - Answer: - Only fair motor development; clumsy
• Poor social awareness
• Can be taught to communicate
• Can profit from training in social and vocational skills; needs supervision but can perform semiskilled labor as an adult Severe IQ Scores of 20-25 to 25-40 - Answer: - Poor motor development
• Minimal speech and communication
• Minimal ability to profit from training in health and self-help skills; may contribute to self-maintenance under constant supervision as an adult Profound IQ Scores of below 25 - Answer: - Gross retardation, both mental and sensor-motor
• Little or no development of basic communication skills
• Dependency on others to maintain basic life functions

• Lifetime of complete supervision (institution, home, nursing home) Emotional Disturbance - Answer: A condition exhibiting one or more of the following characteristics over a long period of time and to a marked degree that adversely affects a child's educational performance:
• An inability to learn that cannot be explained by intellectual, sensory or health factors;
• An inability to build or maintain satisfactory interpersonal relationships with peers and teachers;
• Inappropriate types of behavior or feelings under normal circumstances;
• A general pervasive mood of unhappiness or depression; or
• A tendency to develop physical symptoms or fears associated with personal or school problems. The term includes schizophrenia. The term does not apply to children who are socially maladjusted, unless it is determined that they have an emotional disturbance (ED). Fetal Alcohol Syndrome - Answer: A condition when the mother drinks heavy during pregnancy; a condition resulting in low birth weight, intellectual impairment, hyperactivity, and certain physical defects Learning Disability - Answer: A condition giving rise to difficulties in acquiring knowledge and skills to the level expected of those of the same age, especially when not associated with a physical handicap

Mental Retardation - Answer: Only about 1 to 1.5% of the population fit the AAMD's definition of this category 1990 by President Bush (Public Law 101-476) - Answer: The year Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) was signed into law Section 504 - Answer: A federal law that prohibits the denial of participation in, benefits of, or discrimination in any program or activity receiving federal financial assistance because of a documented disability, history of a disability, or the appearance of having a disability Self-Advocacy - Answer: One of the most important goals for a special education teacher is to foster and create this within a student Specific, Measurable, and Observable - Answer: An IEP must be these three things Peer Tutoring - Answer: A method of increasing student learning time by having students teach other students Cooperative Learning - Answer: Approach to instruction in which students work with a small group of peers to achieve a common goal and help one another learn One-on-one Instruction - Answer: Approach to instruction where the instruction is personalized between one student and one teacher

Small Group Instruction - Answer: Approach to instruction that refers to a teacher working with a small group of students on a specific learning objective; these groups consists of 2-4 students and provide these students with a reduced student-teacher ratio Whole Group Instruction - Answer: Approach to teaching where instruction is when teachers present a lesson to the whole class with little differentiation in either content or assessment for any student's ability Acquisition - Answer: Introduction of a new skill Maintenance - Answer: Continued practice without further instruction Proficiency - Answer: Practice under supervision to achieve accuracy and speed Generalization - Answer: Application of the new skills in new settings and situations Alternative Assessments - Answer: Portfolios and interviews are two examples of these types of tests Intelligence Test - Answer: This type of test is designed to measure intellectual abilities like memory, comprehension, and abstract reasoning

Antecedent - Answer: These are the causes of behaviors; they precede the behavior Related Service Providers - Answer: These people are part of what group: Speech and Language therapists; occupational therapists; psychologists