Fundamentals of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Exams of Advanced Education

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Bio 105 exam study guide With Complete Solutions which of the following demonstrates increasing complexity for the organization of an organism - Correct Answer-tissue, organ, organ system, organism all of the following are examples of teh six major characteristics of life except: being comprised of cells, the presence of hair, the ability to regulate metabolic processes, and growth and developement - Correct Answer-the presence of hair based on observations of teh reporduction habits of 50,000 different species of bacteria, we conclude that asexual reproduction is a fundamental characteristic of all bacteria. this is an example of - Correct Answer-inductive reasoning a good hypothesis - Correct Answer-has the capacity to be proven false a scientific law - Correct Answer-explains things by generalizing a body of observations to which no exceptions have been found, but offers no descriptions which of the following is an example of a measure a researcher can take to provie strong support for a hypothesis: design an experiment so unique that no one else will be able to replicate it; use a small number of samples to ensure the experment will be easy, use a large number of samples to avoid error, use preconceived notions to aid her in interepreting experimental results - Correct Answer-use a large number of samples to avoid error protons are ..... charged subatomic particles located in an atom's .... the number of protons an atom contains determines its.... - Correct Answer-positively, nucleus, atomic number the chemical behavior of an atom is determined most directly by - Correct Answer- number of valence electrons a covalent bond - Correct Answer-may be polar or nonpolar depending on the atoms involved in a water molecule, bc oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen, the shared electrons are more commonly found around the ..... nucleus than the .... nucleus - Correct Answer-oxygen, hydrogen which of the following statements regarding chemical bonds is correct - Correct Answer- covalent bonds are stronger than either van der waals interactions or hydrogen bonds ..... compounds do not easily dissolve in water - Correct Answer-hydrophobic the two molecules shown below, which have the same molecular formular but differ in the arrangement of covalent bonds, are examples of - Correct Answer-structural isomers the functional group shown, COOH, is a - Correct Answer-carboxyl group all of the following macromolecules are polymers except: carbohydrates, nucleic acids, proteins, lipids - Correct Answer-lipids which of the following illustrates a condensation, dehydration reactions - Correct Answer-the reaction of glycerol and fatty acid chains to form a triglyceride the generic formula CnH2nOn can be used to decribe the monosaccrarides that make up - Correct Answer-all carbohydrates an example of a common monosaccharide - Correct Answer-glucose polysaccharide that is used for energy storage in plants - Correct Answer-starch the .. is a type of lipid with a hydrophobic tail and hydrophilic head that is an essential compnent of cell membranes - Correct Answer-phospholipid the specific type of lipid below is an - Correct Answer-triglyceride which level of protein stucture is not present in all proteins: primary, secondary, tertiary, quaternary - Correct Answer-Quaternary when the carboxyl group of one amino acid reacts with teh amino group of a second amino acid, a molecule of water is relaesed and a covalent bond form sbeween the two amino acids, this type of bond is called - Correct Answer-peptide bond all of teh following are roles served by ipids in biological processes except: components of cell membranes, energy storage, enzymes in chemical reactions, reproductive hormones - Correct Answer-enzymes in chemical reactions nucleotides are monomers of - Correct Answer-nucleic acids which of teh following groups is not part of a nucleotide: 5 carbon sugar, phosphate, glycerol, nitrogeneous base - Correct Answer-glycerol a eukaryotic cell's genetic material is located in its - Correct Answer-nucleus muscle cells, which must use large amounts of energy very quickly to do work, contain more .... than most other cells in the human body - Correct Answer-mitocondria role of o2 molc require dfor aerobic respiration - Correct Answer-to accept low energy electrons at the end of electron tranport chain how much atp does citric acid cycle make - Correct Answer-2 atp anaerobic vs arobic - Correct Answer-anaerobic can utilize inorganic substance as the terminal electron acceptor in photosynthesis, atp and nadph are produced during - Correct Answer-light dependent phase e transport chian of photosynthesis located in - Correct Answer-thylakoid membrane light independent located in - Correct Answer-stroma 1st step in light independent is the attachment of CO2 to - Correct Answer-ruBP not true of light dependent: process is responsible for conversion of light energy to chemical enrgry, excited e in ps1 are passed down an electron transport chain resulting in formation of nadph, electied e in ps2 are passed down e tranport chain resulting in the formation of atp, excited e lost from ps2 are relaced with e provide by ps1 - Correct Answer-excited e lost from ps2 are replaced with e provided by ps1 # of CO2 molc require to produce one molc of glucose vio light independent is - Correct Answer-6 tf atp is an excellent long term storehouse for energy - Correct Answer-f cofactors adn coensymes are non protein components that some enzymes require for complete catalytic activityf - Correct Answer-t tf all enymes funtion at a wide range of temp and ph - Correct Answer-f tf in feedback inhibition, a product proced in high amounts by a series of enymatic raction incresases each enymes' activity to increase proein production - Correct Answer-f tf competitive inhibition is a type of irreversible inhibition - Correct Answer-f tf the stage of cellular respiration in which most of atp is produced is critric acid cycle - Correct Answer-f tf cells tha tcarry out photosynthesis do not carry out aerobic respration - Correct Answer-f tf both nadp and nad serve as e carriers in photosythesis - Correct Answer-f tf the process of photophosphorylation is responsible for atp production during photosythesis - Correct Answer-t in the citric acid cycle oxaloacetate reacts with acetyl coenayme a to form - Correct Answer-citrate the stage of aerboic respiration that yields the most atp is - Correct Answer-oxidative phosphorylation ... bonds link neighboring nucleotides together in a dna chain - Correct Answer- phosphodiester ... bonding b/t bases of opposite strands stabilizes the dna double helix struction - Correct Answer-hydrogen nucleotide equence represents the complement to dan strand 5 tgtcaa 3 in 53 - Correct Answer-5ttgaca3 during dna replication teh enzyme.. is respnsible for unqipping the coulbe helix so that each strand may serve as temple for new dna strand synthesis - Correct Answer-dna helicase a cell that is in G2 - Correct Answer-has just completed a round of dna replication the m phase of the cell cycle involes two main processes - Correct Answer-mitosis and cytokinesis chromosomes are duplicated during teh... of the cell cycle - Correct Answer-s phase .. contain identical dna sequences adn are held toeterh by .. during mitosis - Correct Answer-sister chromatids: centromeres during prophase.. are compacted into visible chromosomes - Correct Answer-chromatin the separation of siter chromatid occurs during .. stage of mitosis - Correct Answer- anaphase homologous chromosomes form terads adn undergo crossing over during - Correct Answer-prophase I does not occur during meiosis I: pairng of homologous chromosomes, separation of sister chromatids, separation of homologus chromosoomes, crossing over between homologous chromosomes - Correct Answer-separation of sister chromatids during which of the following stages of meiosis do sister chromatids separate - Correct Answer-anaphase II this ye of fna is a structural component of ribosomes - Correct Answer-rRNA not true about trna: they serve as adapter in proein syntheis that bridge the gap between mRNA and proteins, they have an anticodon, they have an attachment site for amino acid, they are formed from ribosomes - Correct Answer-they are formed from ribosomes upstream from reference point - Correct Answer-5 end of mRNA initiation of transcription requires - Correct Answer-promoter sequence translocation is processs where the.. moves in order to place teh tRNA bounds to the gowing polypeptide cahin in teh .. site thereby freein the ... site for a new aminoacetyl- tRNA - Correct Answer-ribosome, p, a tf dna polymerase catalyses the addition of successive nucleotides to teh 5 end of a growing polynucleotide chain - Correct Answer-f tf telomeres are the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes that shorten with every dna replication even - Correct Answer-t tf an animal with doid number of 36 chromosomes will have 18 in its gametes adn 36 in its somatic cells - Correct Answer-t tf dna and rna stuctures typically contain teh same number of strands - Correct Answer-f tf dna and rna stuctures contain teh same 5 carbon sugar - Correct Answer-f the promoter is a dna nucleotide sequence that rna binds to during transcriptioin - Correct Answer-t tf as a part of genetic code, 3 nucleotides coe fro one amino acid - Correct Answer-t tf initiation, elongation,and termination events comprise both transcription and translation - Correct Answer-t tf transcription of mRNA occurs in the 5-3 prime direction and uses the 53 strand - Correct Answer-f tf insertion of a relase factor in a newly synthesized mRNA stand signifies termination of transcription - Correct Answer-f