Fundamentals of Effective Communication: A Comprehensive Review, Exams of Nursing

Download Fundamentals of Effective Communication: A Comprehensive Review and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! SPCH 110 Review for Midterm Exam questions well answered already passed transactional model of communication - correct answer ✔✔Has a number of interdependent processes and components, including the encoding and decoding processes, the communicator, the message, the channel and noise. Encoding - correct answer ✔✔the process of taking an idea or mental image, associating that image with words, and then speaking those words in order to convey a message Decoding - correct answer ✔✔the reverse process of listening to words, thinking about them, and turning those words into mental images Communicator - correct answer ✔✔refers to all of the people in the interaction or speech setting Message - correct answer ✔✔involves those verbal and nonverbal behaviors, enacted by communicators, that are interpreted with meaning by others. Channel - correct answer ✔✔the means through which the message travels. Noise - correct answer ✔✔refers to anything that interferes with message transmission or reception (i.e., getting the image from your head into others' heads) What is plagiarism? - correct answer ✔✔Passing off another's work as your own or neglecting to cite the source for your information What are the basic guidelines for ethical speaking? For ethical listening? - correct answer ✔✔*Be honest and avoid plagiarism. *Listen with not only your ears but also your critical mind. *Avoid prejudging the speaker *And refrain from jumping to conclusions while the speaker is talking. Situational Analysis - correct answer ✔✔concerned with why your audience is assembled in the first place Demographic Analysis - correct answer ✔✔gathering demographic data and interpreting this data Psychological Analysis - correct answer ✔✔you seek to identify the audience's attitudes, beliefs, and values Multicultural Analysis - correct answer ✔✔Demography looks at issues of race and ethnicity in a basic sense. It is worthy to pay particular attention to the issue of speaking to a multicultural audience Culturally effective speakers develop the capacity to appreciate other cultures and acquire the necessary skills to speak effectively to people with diverse ethnic backgrounds. Interest and Knowledge Analysis - correct answer ✔✔To "test" your topic by sampling your audience for their topic interest and topic knowledge. Likert-type Questions - correct answer ✔✔Indicate the degree to which you agree or disagree with each question Unsolicited email should be illegal strongly agree 1 2 3 4 5 strongly disagree Demographic Questions - correct answer ✔✔Ex. Academic level in college: a. freshmen b. sophomore c. junior d. senior Comparative Speech - correct answer ✔✔First, you could compare two or more things as whole (e.g., discuss all traits of an apple and then all traits of an orange). Second, you could compare these things element by element (e.g., color of each, smell of each, AND taste of each) Problem-solution - correct answer ✔✔Sometimes it is necessary to share a problem and a solution with an audience. Causal - correct answer ✔✔Similar to a problem-solution speech, a _________ speech informs audience members about causes and effects that have already happened What are the ways in which we connect main points? - correct answer ✔✔Transitional statements, internal previews and summaries What the difference between preparation outlines & speaking outlines? - correct answer ✔✔The preparation outline is used to work through the various components of your speech in an inventive format. The speaking outline is much more succinct than the preparation outline and includes brief phrases or words that remind the speakers of the points they need to make, plus supporting material and signposts What needs to be done (and in what order) in a speech introduction? - correct answer ✔✔Construct the introduction last Gain Attention and Interest Gain Goodwill Clearly State the Purpose Preview and Structure the Speech What needs to be done (and in what order) in a speech conclusion? - correct answer ✔✔Prepare the Audience for the end of the speech Present Any Final Appeals Summarize and Close End with a Clincher Appeals and Challenges What are the different attention-getting strategies? - correct answer ✔✔Tell a Story Refer to the Occasion Refer to Recent or Historical Events Refer to Previous Speeches Refer to Personal Interest Use Startling Statistics Use an Analogy Use a Quotation Ask a Question Use Humor What are ways to combat communication apprehension? - correct answer ✔✔Muscle tension, building confidence, power of mind, minimize memorization, and prepare prepare prepare. Why is it normal - even desirable - to be nervous at the start of a speech? - correct answer ✔✔Being nervous means that you are "psyched up." A little bit can be good, it keeps you on your game and on your path towards success. What is the basic function of an informative speech? - correct answer ✔✔Provide people with knowledge Shape our perceptions Enhance our ability to survive and evolve What are the different types of informative speeches? - correct answer ✔✔Definitional Descriptive Explanatory Demonstration CRAAP Test - correct answer ✔✔Currency Relevance Authority Accuracy Purpose Apply the CRAAP test. According to a poll conducted for at&t, most people prefer at&t's cellular service to that of sprint or verizon. - correct answer ✔✔This would not be considered a credit source, you would want an unbiased source a noncellular service company to conduct a poll. Apply the CRAAP test: As actress Jenny McCarthy stated vaccinations can lead to autism. - correct answer ✔✔Actress Jenny McCarthy is not an expert in this field, you would want a doctor or someone with a medical degree or medical source. Apply the CRAAP test: According to the Census.gov, last accessed 7/1/1999, the current population of the united states is 269 million. - correct answer ✔✔Its more than 20 years old at this time, you would need a more recent statistic to be relevant. How do we adapt to the situation? - correct answer ✔✔The larger the size of an audience the greater need for formality. Physical setting:the memory device the detail you want the audience to hang onto. Time limits: If you have the window it is a gift adhere to it. Ask for a time reference if not given. Cue the audience in if your are going over time constraints. Capturing and maintaining the audiences attention - correct answer ✔✔Relate it to them (Relevance) unique approach (novelty) significance, the weight, the impact (importance) the tone or structure use(variety) Egocentrism - correct answer ✔✔is the audience asking when they approach a speech 'Why is this important to me? how does this relate to me?'